{"id":72780,"date":"2016-09-23T07:40:38","date_gmt":"2016-09-22T23:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=72780"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:03:46","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:03:46","slug":"%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2-%e5%af%8c%e5%8b%92%e7%83%af%ef%bc%88fullerene%ef%bc%89%e7%9a%84%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2-%e5%af%8c%e5%8b%92%e7%83%af%ef%bc%88fullerene%ef%bc%89%e7%9a%84%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be\/","title":{"rendered":"[\u7269\u7406\u53f2] \u5bcc\u52d2\u70ef\uff08Fullerene\uff09\u7684\u767c\u73fe"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u5bcc\u52d2\u70ef\uff08Fullerene\uff09\u7684\u767c\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb \u694a\u4fe1\u7537\u6559\u6388\u3001\u856d\u5982\u73c0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u898f\u5247\u3001\u5177\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u5716\u5f62\u7e3d\u662f\u8ff7\u4eba\uff0c\u5f15\u4eba\u9050\u601d\u3002\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u4ee5\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\u3001\u7acb\u65b9\u9ad4\u3001\u6b63\u516b\u9762\u9ad4\u3001\u6b63\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u9ad4\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u4e8c\u5341\u9762\u9ad4\u5206\u5225\u4ee3\u8868\u7d44\u6210\u5b87\u5b99\u842c\u7269\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u706b\u3001\u571f\u3001\u6c23\u3001\u6c34\u3001\u548c\u7d44\u6210\u5929\u4e0a\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u4e59\u592a\uff0c\u7d71\u7a31\u70ba\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u56fa\u9ad4\u3002\u514b\u535c\u52d2\u4e5f\u66fe\u7a81\u767c\u9748\u611f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7531\u4e94\u500b\u67cf\u62c9\u5716\u56fa\u9ad4\u7684\u5167\u5916\u5207\u7dda\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5e7e\u500b\u5167\u5916\u5207\u7403\u534a\u5f91\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u6642\u5df2\u77e5\u516d\u500b\u884c\u661f\u8ecc\u9053\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u7a31\u980c\u5b83\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u7684\u5049\u5927\u5091\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728 1985 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u5ba3\u5e03\u767c\u73fe\u8d85\u7d1a\u7a69\u5b9a\u3001\u72c0\u5982\u300c\u622a\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u4e8c\u5341\u9762\u9ad4\u300d\u7684\u78b3\u516d\u5341\u5206\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8f5f\u52d5\u3002\u90a3 11 \u5929\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u904e\u7a0b\u5145\u6eff\u4e86\u9a5a\u5947\u548c\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6d25\u6d25\u6a02\u9053\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u6545\u4e8b\u6e90\u81ea\u82f1\u570b\u85a9\u8cfd\u514b\u65af\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\uff08Sir Harold Walter Kroto\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5fae\u6ce2\u983b\u8b5c\u5b78\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u592a\u7a7a\u661f\u7403\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u53ca\u661f\u969b\u6c23\u96f2\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u5c0d\u78b3\u542b\u91cf\u9ad8\u7684\u5de8\u661f\u6df1\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6790\u5176\u5927\u6c23\u8b5c\u7dda\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u53ef\u5c07\u5176\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u6c30\u57fa\u591a\u7094\u70f4\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7531\u78b3\u548c\u6c2e\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u9577\u93c8\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u661f\u969b\u6c23\u96f2\u4e2d\u3002\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u78b3\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6e90\u81ea\u661f\u7403\u5927\u6c23\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u661f\u969b\u6c23\u96f2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e0c\u671b\u5c0d\u9019\u985e\u9577\u93c8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u6a5f\u5236\u505a\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_72785\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/72780_p1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-72785\" class=\"wp-image-72785\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/72780_p1.png\" alt=\"72780_p1\" width=\"400\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/72780_p1.png 578w, http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/72780_p1-300x143.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-72785\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57161 \u96f7\u5c04-\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u5718\u7c07\u675f\u5100\u3002\u8108\u885d\u96f7\u5c04\u805a\u7126\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u76e4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c07\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u6253\u51fa\uff0c\u6df7\u5165\u7d93\u5c0f\u5b54\u5674\u9032\u7684\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6c26\u6c23\u6d41\u675f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u78b3\u5718\u7c07\u9032\u5165\u6536\u96c6\u676f\uff0c\u518d\u8b93\u5176\u5411\u5916\u81a8\u8139\u3002\uff08\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fee\u6539\u800c\u6210\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n<p>1984 \u5e74\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\uff0c\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78\u8a2a\u554f\u67ef\u723e\uff08Robert F. Curl, Jr.\uff09\uff0c\u67ef\u723e\u5efa\u8b70\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u53c3\u89c0\u4ed6\u540c\u4e8b\u66a8\u7814\u7a76\u5925\u4f34\u53f2\u83ab\u5229\uff08Richard E. Smalley\uff09\u6240\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u96f7\u5c04-\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u5718\u7c07\u675f\u5100\u5668\uff08\u57161\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u7269\u8cea\u84b8\u767c\u70ba\u539f\u5b50\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u6578\u5341\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5718\u7c07\u3002\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5957\u5100\u5668\u6216\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u6a21\u64ec\u661f\u7403\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9577\u93c8\u78b3\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6703\u5728\u661f\u7403\u5927\u6c23\u9ad8\u6eab\u5340\u57df\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002\u4ed6\u5411\u67ef\u723e\u89e3\u91cb\u6b64\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u67ef\u723e\u63d0\u8b70\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u5408\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u7d04\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u7684\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u65bc 1985 \u5e74 9 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u62b5\u9054\u4f11\u65af\u9813\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u8207\u67ef\u723e\u3001\u53f2\u83ab\u5229\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b78\u751f\u5e0c\u65af\u3001\u6b50\u5e03\u840a\u6069\u3001\u5289\u5143\u7b49\u4eba\uff08\u57162\uff09\u5168\u529b\u6295\u5165\u5be6\u9a57\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5728\u77ed\u77ed 10 \u5929\u4e4b\u5167\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u56fa\u614b\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ba\u6a19\u9776\u6642\uff08\u57161\uff09\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u5404\u7a2e\u5076\u6578\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u610f\u5916\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531 60 \u500b\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u7684 $$\\mathrm{C_{60}}$$\u00a0\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u662f $$\\mathrm{C_{60}}$$\uff0c\u4e26\u6975\u70ba\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u6975\u4f4e\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u7d93\u904e\u53cd\u8986\u63a8\u6572\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u5728 9 \u6708 10 \u65e5\u9054\u6210\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u63a8\u6e2c\u5176\u7d50\u69cb\u61c9\u70ba\u300c\u622a\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u4e8c\u5341\u9762\u9ad4\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u985e\u7403\u9ad4\u7684\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7c60\u5b50\uff0c\u5177\u6709 60 \u500b\u9802\u9ede\u548c 32 \u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 12 \u9762\u70ba\u6b63\u4e94\u908a\u5f62\uff0c20 \u9762\u70ba\u6b63\u516d\u908a\u5f62\uff08\u57163\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u53d6\u5176\u540d\u70ba\u5bcc\u52d2\u70ef\uff0c\u4ee5\u5411 1967 \u5e74\u8a2d\u8a08\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u4e16\u754c\u535a\u89bd\u6703\u77ed\u7a0b\u7dda\u62f1\u9802\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9928\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u5bcc\u52d2\uff08R. Buckminster Fuller\uff09\u81f4\u656c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u65bc 9 \u6708 11 \u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u64b0\u5beb\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc\u6b21\u65e5\u6295\u7a3f\u5230\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u65bc 11 \u6708 14 \u65e5\u520a\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5230 2 \u9801\uff0c\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u3008$$\\mathrm{C_{60}}$$\u00a0: Buckminsterfullerene\u3009\uff08\u5df4\u514b\u660e\u65af\u7279\uff0e\u5bcc\u52d2\u70ef\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u88ab\u7c21\u7a31\u300c\u5df4\u514b\u7403\u300d\uff08Buckyballs\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u622a\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u4e8c\u5341\u9762\u9ad4\u300d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6975\u70ba\u5c0d\u7a31\u3001\u5de7\u5999\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u50b3\u958b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u30021990 \u5e74\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u970d\u592b\u66fc\uff08Donald R. Huffman\uff09\u548c\u514b\u5217\u65af\u9ed8\uff08Wolfgang Kr\u00e4tschmer\uff09\u5ba3\u4f48\uff0c\u5c07\u4e8c\u652f\u77f3\u58a8\u68d2\u7f6e\u65bc\u6c26\u6c23\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u96fb\u58d3\u7522\u751f\u96fb\u5f27\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c23\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u5c07\u518d\u51dd\u7d50\u5f8c\u7684\u78b3\u6c23\u6eb6\u89e3\u65bc\u6709\u6a5f\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230 $$\\mathrm{C_{60}}$$\u00a0\u7684\u7d50\u6676\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e86 $$\\mathrm{C_{60}}$$\u00a0\u7684\u63a8\u6e2c\u30021996 \u5e74\uff0c\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u3001\u53f2\u83ab\u5229\u548c\u67ef\u723e\u4e09\u4eba\u540c\u7372\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u5bb6\u65cf\u662f\u6ce2\u88d4\u7336\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u539f\u540d\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u65af\u7d0d\uff08Krotoschiner\uff09\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u79fb\u5c45\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u5728\u7d0d\u7cb9\u6642\u671f\u9003\u81f3\u82f1\u570b\u3002\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u65bc 1939 \u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u528d\u6a4b\u90e1\uff0c1964 \u5e74\u65bc\u96ea\u83f2\u723e\u5927\u5b78\uff08University of Sheffield\uff09\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c3 \u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u7372\u8058\u8607\u585e\u514b\u65af\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u5916\uff0c\u79d1\u7f85\u6258\u9084\u9189\u5fc3\u65bc\u7e6a\u5716\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u6709\u8077\u696d\u7684\u6c34\u6e96\u30021995 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u8d0a\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u8c9d\u52a0\u79d1\u5b78\u4fe1\u8a17\uff08Vega Science Trust\uff09\uff0c\u9304\u88fd\u79d1\u5b78\u8a18\u9304\u7247\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a8\u5ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u30022005 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u96e2\u958b\u85a9\u8cfd\u514b\u65af\uff0c\u5728\u4f5b\u7f85\u91cc\u9054\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b78\u64d4\u4efb\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u8fc4\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53f2\u83ab\u5229\u65bc 1943 \u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u5dde\u827e\u514b\u9686\u5e02\uff0c1973 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