{"id":65645,"date":"2015-10-03T08:22:35","date_gmt":"2015-10-03T00:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=65645"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:08:19","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:08:19","slug":"%e5%b7%a6%e5%8f%b3%e7%82%ba%e9%9b%a3-%e4%bd%a0%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%a4%9a%e6%ba%96%e5%89%87%e6%b1%ba%e7%ad%96%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%b7%a6%e5%8f%b3%e7%82%ba%e9%9b%a3-%e4%bd%a0%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%a4%9a%e6%ba%96%e5%89%87%e6%b1%ba%e7%ad%96%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5de6\u53f3\u70ba\u96e3-\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5de6\u53f3\u70ba\u96e3-\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790! (Multi-criteria Decision Analysis, MCDA)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u74b0\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240 \u5289\u81f4\u5747<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u7169\u60f1\u665a\u9910\u8981\u5403\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4eca\u5929\u809a\u5b50\u7279\u5225\u9913\u60f3\u5403\u98fd\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u624b\u982d\u62ee\u636e\u4e0d\u60f3\u82b1\u592a\u591a\u9322\uff1b\u60f3\u5403\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u8089\uff0c\u904e\u766e\uff01\u537b\u53c8\u64d4\u5fc3\u852c\u83dc\u651d\u53d6\u4e0d\u5920\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u6709\u5bb3\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6642\u7121\u523b\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u6289\u64c7\uff0c\u800c\u8cc7\u6e90\u6216\u9810\u7b97\u537b\u7e3d\u662f\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u5167\u9054\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6eff\u8db3\u53ca\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u8655\u7406\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u69cb\u6578\u5b78\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u627e\u5c0b\u9650\u5236\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u6c42\u51fa\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u906d\u9047\u5230\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ea\u53d7\u55ae\u4e00\u6216\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u4f5c\u51fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u300c\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u300d(multi-criteria decision analysis, MCDA) \u6b63\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u985e\u554f\u984c\uff01\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u7d44\u6210\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u6e96\u5247 (criterion)\u3001\u6b0a\u91cd (weight) \u8207\u65b9\u6848 (alternative)\uff1b\u6e96\u5247\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6b0a\u91cd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u6709\u591a\u5728\u610f\u9019\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff1b\u65b9\u6848\u5247\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u9019\u4e09\u8005\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6e96\u5247\u4e4b\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u7368\u7acb\u7121\u95dc\u806f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u7acb\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u8003\u9a57\u8457\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8b70\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u3002\u6e96\u5247\u7684\u8a2d\u7acb\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u5011\u7d93\u7531\u8166\u529b\u6fc0\u76ea\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u900f\u904e\u76f8\u95dc\u6578\u64da\u6587\u737b\u800c\u8a02\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5fb7\u723e\u83f2\u6cd5 (Delphi method) \u4ea6\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u5efa\u69cb\u6e96\u5247\uff0c\u6b64\u6cd5\u7d93\u7531\u5c08\u5bb6\u533f\u540d\u7d66\u4e88\u6e96\u5247\u8a55\u5206\uff0c\u53cd\u8986\u5fb5\u8a62\u6b78\u7d0d\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u4e4b\u770b\u6cd5\u800c\u7be9\u9078\u51fa\u5408\u9069\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5982\u5c64\u7d1a\u5206\u6790\u6cd5 (Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)\u3001\u7c21\u55ae\u591a\u5c6c\u6027\u8a55\u7b49\u6280\u8853 (Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique, SMART)\u2026\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u601d\u8003\u908f\u8f2f\u8207\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u7c21\u4ecb\u5c64\u7d1a\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7686\u7c21\u7a31 AHP\uff09\u4e4b\u539f\u7406\u65bc\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u570b\u5339\u8332\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u6c99\u7b2c (T.L. Saaty) \u65bc 1970 \u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u5c55 AHP\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u4e2d\u3002\u9032\u884c AHP \u6709\u4e09\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5efa\u69cb\u5c64\u7d1a\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u5f9e\u7d9c\u5408\u76ee\u6a19\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c64\u70ba\u6e96\u5247\uff0c\u6e96\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u5ef6\u4f38\u70ba\u6b21\u6e96\u5247\uff0c\u6700\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c64\u70ba\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c64\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u3001\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u8d85\u904e 7 \u500b\u4ee5\u514d\u96e3\u65bc\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5716\u4e00<\/strong>\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"65645_p1\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00 AHP \u67b6\u69cb\u793a\u610f\u5716\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u9a5f\u5247\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u6e96\u5247\u6216\u65b9\u6848\u9032\u884c\u300c\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u300d(pairwise comparison)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6578\u503c\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u4e00<\/strong>\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u5247\u4f7f\u7528\u5012\u6578\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6e96\u5247 1 \u76f8\u8f03\u6e96\u5247 2 \u70ba\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u300d(7)\uff0c\u5373\u6e96\u5247 2 \u76f8\u8f03\u6e96\u5247 1 \u70ba\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u300d(1\/7)\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u985e\u63a8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u6240\u6709\u8981\u7d20\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u5efa\u69cb\u51fa\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u77e9\u9663\uff0c\u4e26\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u6b0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\"65645_c1\"<\/a>

\u8868\u4e00 AHP \u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8868\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u9a5f\u5247\u5c07\u65b9\u6848\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c64\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6e96\u5247\u4ea6\u9032\u884c\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5982\u65b9\u6848 A \u5728\u6e96\u5247 1 \u4e2d\u6bd4\u65b9\u6848 B \u4f54\u6709\u300c\u7a0d\u5fae\u91cd\u8981\u300d\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff1b\u5728\u6e96\u5247 2 \u4e4b\u4e2d A \u5c0d\u6bd4 B \u5247\u662f\u300c\u76f8\u7576\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u985e\u63a8\u7372\u5f97\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u5404\u6e96\u5247\u4e0b\u4e4b\u512a\u52a3\uff0c\u8207\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e8c\u4e4b\u5404\u5c64\u6b0a\u91cd\u76f8\u4e58\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6bcf\u500b\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u7686\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e14\u908f\u8f2f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7136\u800c AHP \u7684\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u77e9\u9663\u70ba\u5012\u6578\u77e9\u9663\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u73fe\u5be6\u4e2d\u8981\u9054\u5230\u524d\u5f8c\u4e00\u81f4\u672c\u5c31\u76f8\u7576\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5efa\u69cb\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8f03\u77e9\u9663\u61c9\u8a72\u901a\u904e\u300c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6aa2\u5b9a\u300d\u624d\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6aa2\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u77e9\u9663\u7279\u5fb5\u503c\u8a08\u7b97\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6307\u6578 (consistency index, C.I.) \u8207\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6bd4\u7387 (consistency ratio, C.R.)\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8a8d\u70ba C.I. \u8207 C.R. \u5c0f\u65bc 0.1 \u70ba\u9ad8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u8655\u7406\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5e38\u727d\u6d89\u773e\u591a\u5c64\u9762\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u6703\u9762\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u9762\u3001\u6cd5\u898f\u9762\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u6216\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u4e14\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6b63\u9069\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u4f86\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u8981\u6e1b\u5c11\u67d0\u5730\u5340\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff0c\u65b9\u6848\u6709\u300c\u8a02\u5b9a\u6a19\u6e96\u4e26\u8655\u4ee5\u7f70\u91d1\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53ef\u4ea4\u6613\u6392\u653e\u6b0a\u300d\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u57f7\u884c\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u8655\u4ee5\u7f70\u91d1\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u8f03\u7c21\u55ae\u7701\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u91cf\u300c\u9577\u671f\u6539\u5584\u6210\u6548\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u53ef\u4ea4\u6613\u6392\u653e\u6b0a\u300d\u4e5f\u8a31\u624d\u6700\u6709\u6548\u679c\u7684\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6709\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u4ecd\u662f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u80fd\u5426\u826f\u597d\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u6c7a\u7b56\u8005\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6216\u7d71\u8a08\u89c0\u5bdf\u624d\u80fd\u5408\u7406\u5730\u8ce6\u4e88\u6b0a\u91cd\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u53ea\u6703\u6d41\u65bc\u5929\u99ac\u884c\u7a7a\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u731c\u6e2c\uff0c\u7d93\u4e0d\u8d77\u6aa2\u9a57\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5f8c\u7e8c\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u8655\u8655\u5145\u6eff\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u6642\u6a5f\uff0c\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u59a5\u5354\u8207\u6298\u8877\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u60f3\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u55ce\uff1f\u5225\u518d\u8a8d\u70ba\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u5728\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u665a\u9910\u8981\u5403\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u9673\u8000\u8302\uff08\u6c11 100\uff09\u3002\u6c7a\u7b56\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u3002\u9f0e\u8302\u5716\u66f8\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u9127\u632f\u6e90\u3001\u66fe\u570b\u96c4\uff08\u6c11 88\uff09\u3002\u5c64\u7d1a\u5206\u6790\u6cd5 (AHP) \u7684\u5167\u6db5\u7279\u6027\u8207\u61c9\u7528\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u5831\uff0c 27 (6)\uff0c 1-20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u5de6\u53f3\u70ba\u96e3-\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6e96\u5247\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790! (Multi-criteria Decision Analysis, MCD…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4719,4803,6446],"tags":[9327,9329,9325,9328,9324,9326],"class_list":["post-65645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energy00","category-energy13","category-energy13-04","tag-assessment-technique","tag-environmental-policy","tag-management-strategy","tag-9328","tag-9324","tag-9326","loop-entry","cat-4719","cat-4803","cat-6446","no-thumbnail"],"views":10301,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65645"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86258,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65645\/revisions\/86258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}