{"id":46828,"date":"2014-01-17T12:39:57","date_gmt":"2014-01-17T04:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=46828"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:19:11","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:19:11","slug":"%e7%b2%92%e7%b7%9a%e9%ab%94%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e6%99%82%e9%90%98%ef%bc%88mitochondrial-clock%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e7%b2%92%e7%b7%9a%e9%ab%94%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e6%99%82%e9%90%98%ef%bc%88mitochondrial-clock%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\uff08Mitochondrial Clock\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\uff08Mitochondrial Clock\uff09<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u5442\u660e\u8ed2\u3001\u81fa\u5317\u5e02\u7acb\u5efa\u570b\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5289\u7fe0\u83ef\u6559\u5e2b<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5f9e\u8003\u53e4\u6316\u6398\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u733f\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97 DNA\uff0c\u4e26\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684 DNA \u5e8f\u5217\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u80fd\u63a8\u6e2c\u733f\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5e74\u4ee3\u5462\uff1f\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\u5c31\u662f\u5047\u8a2d DNA \u5e8f\u5217\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff0c\u5247\u6f14\u5316\u6642\u9593\u8d8a\u9577\uff0c\u7a81\u8b8a\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8d8a\u591a\uff1b\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f9e\u5169 DNA \u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5f80\u56de\u63a8\u7b97\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4f30\u8a08\u90a3\u6bb5\u6f14\u5316\u6240\u7d93\u904e\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4 DNA\uff08mt DNA\uff09\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9078\u64c7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u6709\u4e0a\u5343\u500b\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u5167\u7d04\u6709 2~10 \u4efd DNA\uff0c\u5728\u6a23\u672c\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u5167\u7684 DNA \u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u6bd4\u64ec\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4 DNA \u4e0a\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8abf\u7bc0\u5340\u57df\u300d\uff08control region\uff09\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u6838\u5167 DNA \u7684\u5343\u500d\u3002\u9019\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0a\u7684\u5340\u9694\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u7570\u65bc\u6838\u5167\u7684 DNA \u4fee\u5fa9\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u7a81\u8b8a\u4e4b\u5feb\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u4e5f\u80fd\u7d2f\u7a4d\u660e\u986f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4 DNA \u70ba\u8f03\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u6bcd\u7cfb\u907a\u50b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u6838\u5167 DNA \u4e2d\u4f86\u81ea\u7236\u6bcd\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u767c\u751f\u91cd\u7d44\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8ffd\u8e64\u6bcd\u65b9\u7684\u8b5c\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/p130.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-46831\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/p130.png\" alt=\"p1\" width=\"374\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/p130.png 584w, http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/p130-300x241.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/a>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u96c6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u512a\u9ede\u65bc\u4e00\u8eab\u7684\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4 DNA\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u9762\u81e8\u8a31\u591a\u77db\u76fe\u8207\u6311\u6230\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\u63a8\u6e2c\u7684\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u590f\u5a03\u7adf\u7136\u548c\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u6316\u6398\u4f30\u6e2c\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7956\u5148\u5e74\u4ee3\u76f8\u5dee\u8fd1\u767e\u842c\u5e74\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u300c\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\u300d\u96a8\u4e4b\u6210\u70ba\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002\u82e5\u4ee5\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u70ba\u6bd4\u8f03\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u63a8\u7b97\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u9ed1\u7329\u7329\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u5b58\u6d3b\u65bc $$500$$ \u842c\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\u7d04\u70ba $$0.1~\\text{mutation\/bp\/Myr}$$ \uff08\u6bcf\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\u6bcf\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u5e74\u7522\u751f $$0.1$$ \u500b\u7a81\u8b8a\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u652f\u5e8f\u5b78\uff08phylogenetics\uff09\u8003\u616e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8b5c\u7cfb\u8868\uff08pedigree\uff09\u8a55\u4f30\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5247\u662f\u53d6\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u6578\u500b\u4e16\u4ee3\u4e4b\u5167\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u9032\u884c\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u5e73\u5747\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\u7d04\u70ba $$1.0~\\text{ mutation\/bp\/Myr}$$\u3002\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u7adf\u7136\u9ad8\u9054 $$10$$ \u500d\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u8d70\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u5feb\uff1f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8861\u91cf\u6f14\u5316\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5927\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7531\u6642\u9593\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u8b5c\u7cfb\u8868\u6703\u5f97\u51fa\u8f03\u5feb\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7a81\u8b8a\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\u7d93\u7a81\u8b8a\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u518d\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7a4d\u7d2f\uff0c\u5404\u8655\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u6f38\u9054\u98fd\u548c\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u8655\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u7a81\u8b8a\u96e3\u4ee5\u5bdf\u89ba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u5fa9\u539f\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 A \u7a81\u8b8a\u70ba G\uff0c\u53c8\u7a81\u8b8a\u56de A\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u904e\u7a0b\u7368\u7acb\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u5e73\u884c\u6f14\u5316\uff08parallel evolution\uff09\u3002\u800c\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u7684\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5e36\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 DNA\uff0c\u5373\u7570\u8cea\u6027\uff08heteroplasmy\uff09\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u5728\u5375\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u5b58\u7559\u8005\u624d\u80fd\u907a\u50b3\u81f3\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4 DNA \u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u7684\u7e41\u884d\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6d41\u5931\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b93\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u6349\u6478\u3001\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Brown, Michael. (2013). The Mitochondrial Clock: The story of Mitochondrial Eve. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mhrc.net\/mitochondria.htm\">http:\/\/www.mhrc.net\/mitochondria.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Howell, N., et al. (2003). The Pedigree Rate of Sequence Divergence in the Human Mitochondrial Genome: There Is a Difference Between Phylogenetic and Pedigree Rates. <i>American Journal of Human Genetics, <\/i>72(3): 659\u201370.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u6642\u9418\uff08Mitochondrial Clock\uff09 \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u5442\u660e\u8ed2\u3001\u81fa\u5317\u5e02\u7acb\u5efa\u570b\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5289\u7fe0\u83ef\u6559\u5e2b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4810,4826,110,4812,4817],"tags":[894,5655],"class_list":["post-46828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne001","category-lifesciecne003-01","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne003","category-lifesciecne001-01","tag-dna","tag-5655","loop-entry","cat-4810","cat-4826","cat-110","cat-4812","cat-4817","no-thumbnail"],"views":6183,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46828","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46828"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87198,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46828\/revisions\/87198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}