{"id":4510,"date":"2009-08-07T15:04:40","date_gmt":"2009-08-07T07:04:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=4510"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:48:20","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:48:20","slug":"%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%88molecular-formula%ef%bc%89%e8%88%87%e7%b5%90%e6%a7%8b%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%88structural-formula%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%88molecular-formula%ef%bc%89%e8%88%87%e7%b5%90%e6%a7%8b%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%88structural-formula%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff08Molecular Formula\uff09\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff08Structural Formula\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff08Molecular Formula\uff09\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff08Structural Formula\uff09<\/span>
\n \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u674e\u4fca\u6bc5\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u6797\u96c5\u51e1\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91cf\u6e2c\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fbf\u662f\u8cea\u8b5c\uff08mass spectrometry\uff09\u3002\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5148\u8b93\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5e36\u96fb\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6b63\u96fb\uff09\uff0c\u7d66\u4e88\u80fd\u91cf\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u78c1\u5834\u4e2d\u98db\u884c\uff0c\u5e36\u96fb\u7c92\u5b50\u7d93\u904e\u5916\u52a0\u78c1\u5834\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u96fb\u8377\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8377\u8cea\u6bd4\uff08charge\/mass\uff09\u800c\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f4e\u66f2\u8def\u5f91\u3002\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u5340\u5206\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u9664\u4e86\u6e2c\u91cf\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u539f\u7406\u91cf\u6e2c\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff08molecular mass\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u5c0f\u6578\u9ede\u4e0b\u7b2c\u56db\u4f4d\u3002\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u76f8\u7576\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u524d\u9663\u5b50\u8f5f\u52d5\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u4e09\u805a\u6c30\u80fa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bd2\u54c1\u6aa2\u9a57\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u61c9\u7528\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u6a23\u54c1\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7530\u4e2d\u8015\u4e00\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u82ac\u6069\u6559\u6388\u4fbf\u662f\u4ee5\u958b\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u6280\u8853\u800c\u7372\u98122002\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u63ee\u767c\u6027\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u7406\u60f3\u6c23\u9ad4\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u4e0a\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a\u9ad4\u7a4d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5167\u901a\u5165\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u6e2c\u91cf\u6c23\u58d3\u5f8c\u5229\u7528\u6db2\u614b\u6c2e\u51b7\u51cd\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u51b7\u51dd\u6210\u6db2\u9ad4\u6216\u662f\u56fa\u9ad4\uff0c\u518d\u9032\u884c\u79e4\u91cd\u3002\u77e5\u9053\u91cd\u91cf\uff08W\uff09\u3001\u6eab\u5ea6\uff08T\uff09\u3001\u6c23\u58d3\uff08P\uff09\u8207\u9ad4\u7a4d\uff08V\uff09\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f30\u7b97\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff08M\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

PV= nRT, n= W\/M
\nPV= (W\/M)RT
\nM = WRT\/PV<\/p>\n

\u7531\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u5df2\u80fd\u78ba\u5207\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6240\u542b\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7a2e\u985e\u8207\u500b\u6578\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9084\u7f3a\u4e4f\u539f\u5b50\u9375\u7d50\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5206\u5b50\u5167\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u9023\u7d50\u60c5\u5f62\u9084\u9700\u8981\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff08structure formula\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u7e6a\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u5167\u6bcf\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u9593\u7684\u9375\u7d50\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u540c\u6a23\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u865f\u4f86\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9375\u7d50\u5247\u4ee5\u76f4\u7dda\u4f86\u9023\u63a5\u3002\u7576\u5fc3!\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u7684\u63cf\u7e6a\u662f\u5c07\u7acb\u9ad4\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u5e73\u9762\u5716\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7d19\u4e0a\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u6392\u5217\u4e26\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u662f\u78b3\u524d\u5f8c\u5de6\u53f3\u56db\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u5404\u63a5\u4e00\u500b\u6c2b\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u7532\u70f7\u5206\u5b50\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u4ee5\u78b3\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\uff0cH\uff0dC\uff0dH\u7684\u593e\u89d2\u662f109.5\u5ea6\u800c\u975e90\u5ea6\uff08\u898b\u5716\u4e00)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6aa2\u8996\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u6642\u5c1a\u9700\u914d\u5408\u5316\u5b78\u9375\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u6240\u63cf\u7e6a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7acb\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\n(\u5716\u4e00\uff0c\u5de6\u70ba\u7532\u70f7\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff0c\u53f3\u70ba\u7532\u70f7\u7acb\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u793a\u610f\u5716)<\/p>\n

\u524d\u9762\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u904e\u5229\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u51fa\u5be6\u9a57\u5f0f\uff0c\u8207\u8cea\u8b5c\u5100\u914d\u5408\u5247\u53ef\u5b9a\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff1b\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u5c31\u96e3\u7684\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u7a2e\u5be6\u9a57\u4f86\u627e\u5c0b\u86db\u7d72\u99ac\u8de1\uff0c\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96a8\u8457\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u8655\u7406\u6bd4\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5316\u599d\u54c1\u4e2d\u5e38\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e73\u5316\u5291\u2014\u2014\u786c\u8102\u9178\uff08stearic acid\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u542b\u670918\u500b\u78b3\u9577\u93c8\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u3002\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u7684\u756b\u6cd5\u7c21\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u756b\u51fa\u78b3\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5225\u8a3b\u660e\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u78b3\u5269\u9918\u7684\u9375\u7d50\u90fd\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u6c2b\uff0c\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\u65bc\u662f\u5f97\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u7c21\u5316\uff08\u898b\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u7528\u5728\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4ee5\u53ca\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u8207\u751f\u5316\u5206\u5b50\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u512a\u9ede\u662f\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u3002
\n\"\"<\/a>(\u5716\u4e8c)<\/p>\n

\u5316\u5408\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u57fa\u5718\u6703\u986f\u793a\u5316\u5b78\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7a31\u4f5c\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\uff08functional group\uff09\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u66f4\u662f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5176\u5316\u5b78\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u793a\u6027\u5f0f\uff08rational formula\uff09\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u5f37\u8abf\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6240\u542b\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5c55\u300c\u793a\u6027\u300d\u8cea\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9187\u985e\u6703\u7279\u5225\u6a19\u51fa\u7fa5\u57fa\uff08-OH\uff09\uff0c\u7fa7\u9178\u5247\u6703\u6a19\u51fa\u7fa7\u57fa\uff08-COOH\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u793a\u6027\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5feb\u901f\u8fa8\u8a8d\u51fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f97\u77e5\u5176\u61c9\u8a72\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7279\u6027\u3002\u7531\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u793a\u6027\u5f0fH2<\/sub>N-CHR-COOH\u4fbf\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u540c\u6642\u5177\u6709\u80fa\u57fa\uff08-NH2<\/sub>\uff09\u8207\u7fa7\u57fa\uff08-COOH\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u5316\u5b78\u5f0f\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u55ae\u6191\u624b\u7e6a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7a7a\u9593\u586b\u5145\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u662f3D\u7684\u5716\u5f62\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u501f\u52a9\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u8edf\u9ad4\u4f86\u88fd\u7e6a\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff0c\u7a7a\u9593\u586b\u5145\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u8868\u73fe\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u57fa\u5718\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5716\u4e09\u7684\u7532\u9187\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u7070\u7403\u4ee3\u8868\u78b3\uff0c\u767d\u7403\u662f\u6c2b\uff08\u9ad4\u7a4d\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8f03\u5c0f)\uff0c\u7d05\u7403\u5247\u662f\u6c27\u3002\u719f\u6089\u5404\u7a2e\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u4e14\u80fd\u4e92\u76f8\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5b78\u9580\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\n(\u5716\u4e09)<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/strong>
\n1. \u7269\u8cea\u79d1\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7bc7(\u4e0a\u518a)\uff0c\u6cf0\u5b87\u51fa\u7248<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\uff08Molecular Formula\uff09\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff08Structural Formula\uff09 \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,51,48],"tags":[1225,1226],"class_list":["post-4510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry01-03","category-chemistry01","tag-1225","tag-1226","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-51","cat-48","no-thumbnail"],"views":34446,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4510"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90679,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4510\/revisions\/90679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}