{"id":42800,"date":"2013-08-16T12:18:50","date_gmt":"2013-08-16T04:18:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=42800"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:21:01","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:21:01","slug":"%e5%96%ae%e6%a0%b8%e8%8b%b7%e9%85%b8%e5%a4%9a%e5%9e%8b%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88single-nucleotide-polymorphism-snp%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%96%ae%e6%a0%b8%e8%8b%b7%e9%85%b8%e5%a4%9a%e5%9e%8b%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%88single-nucleotide-polymorphism-snp%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u55ae\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u578b\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u55ae\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u578b\u6027 (Single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)<\/span>
\n<\/strong>\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u52a9\u7406\u6797\u5982\u6114<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u55ae\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u578b\u6027\uff08single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP\uff09\u610f\u6307DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\uff08base pair\uff09\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fDNA\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2dA\u3001T\u3001C\u3001G\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ede\u51fa\u73fe\u5169\u500b\u6216\u591a\u500b\u7684\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684SNPs\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5T\uff08thymine\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3C\uff08cytosine\uff09\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6700\u5e38\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7d04\u4f54\u7e3d\u6578\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8457DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u5dee\u7570\u6027\uff08sequence differentiation\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u55ae\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u578b\u6027\u662f\u6700\u666e\u904d\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u907a\u50b3\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u767c\u751f\u7387\u5927\u7d04\u662f0.1%\u3002\u6839\u64da2012\u5e74NCBI\uff08\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u7acb\u751f\u7269\u6280\u8853\u8a0a\u606f\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5df2\u6a19\u8a18\u51fa\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u4e00\u5104\u591a\u500bSNPs\uff0c\u5176\u767c\u751f\u983b\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7684DNA\u4e0a\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684SNP\u7686\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6545SNP\u88ab\u8996\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u57fa\u56e0\u6a19\u8a18\uff08genetic marker\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7e7c\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7247\u6bb5\u9577\u5ea6\u591a\u578b\u6027\uff08restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08variable number of tandem repeat, VNTR\uff09\u548c\u5fae\u885b\u661f\u591a\u578b\u6027\uff08microsatellite polymorphism\uff09\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u591a\u578b\u6027\u907a\u50b3\u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u81ea1994\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u5206\u5b50\u6a19\u8a18\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6578SNPs\u4f4d\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u975e\u7de8\u78bc\u5340\uff1b\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u7de8\u78bc\u5340\u7684SNP\u7d04\u50c5\u670920\u842c\u500b\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70bacSNP\uff08coding SNP\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u4e9bcSNPs\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6539\u8b8a\u4e26\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u8f49\u8b6f\u5f8c\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u578b\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u5247\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u8f49\u8b6f\u5f8c\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6216\u662f\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c11\u6578SNPs\u4f4d\u65bc\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u555f\u52d5\u5b50\uff08promoter\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u57fa\u56e0\u8f49\u9304\u6d3b\u6027\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u8a72\u57fa\u56e0\u7522\u7269\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5df2\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u6aa2\u6e2cSNP\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5efa\u7acbSNP\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u75be\u75c5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u5982\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9bSNP\u6216SNPs\u4e4b\u7ec4\u5408\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u75c5\u60a3\u6709\u986f\u8457\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8a3a\u7642\u5c07\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u3001\u66f4\u500b\u5225\u5316\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0cSNP\u7be9\u6aa2\u5df2\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u907a\u50b3\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u85e5\u5b78\u8207\u816b\u7624\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bcSNP\u7684\u7522\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5SNP\u4e5f\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u500b\u9ad4\u9ad4\u8cea\u7684\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u7279\u5225\u5bb9\u6613\u6216\u7279\u5225\u4e0d\u6613\u7f79\u60a3\u67d0\u4e9b\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\uff08\u500b\u9ad4\u5dee\u7570\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5f8c\u5929\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7f3a\u4e4f\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u7684HIV\u75c5\u6bd2\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u6642\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u5fc5\u9808\u5177\u6709\u53d7\u9ad4\uff08receptor\uff09CCR2\u548cCCR5\u3002\u7576HIV\u75c5\u6bd2\u967d\u6027\u4e4b\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u5e36\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684CCR2\uff08CCR2 V64I\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u8a72\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u767c\u75c5\u6642\u9593\u6703\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u665a2~4\u5e74\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u767d\u7a2e\u4eba\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684CCR5\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u8a72\u57fa\u56e0\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u957732\u500b\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u7f3a\u5931\uff08deletion\uff09\uff0c\u7d04\u67099%\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u5e36\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u7f3a\u5931\u8b8a\u7570\uff0cHIV\u75c5\u6bd2\u96e3\u4ee5\u611f\u67d3\u5177\u6709\u6b64\u7a81\u8b8aCCR5\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u7a2e\u7a81\u8b8a\u5728\u9ed1\u4eba\u8207\u9ec3\u7a2e\u4eba\u4e2d\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684SNP\u90fd\u6709\u81e8\u5e8a\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u75be\u75c5\u767c\u751f\u6216\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4bSNP\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7522\u751f\u4e86SNP\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u9020\u6210\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7de8\u78bc\u6216\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5f9e\u6578\u4ee5\u5104\u8a08\u7684SNPs\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u5177\u6709\u81e8\u5e8a\u610f\u7fa9\u7684SNP\uff0c\u5c07\u662f\u85e5\u7269\u5b78\u3001\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u8207\u500b\u5225\u5316\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Barreiro, LB, Laval, G, Quach, H, Patin, E, & Quintana-Murci, L. (2008). Natural selection has driven population differentiation in modern humans. Nature Genetics, 40: 340\u2013345.<\/li>\n
  2. Dean, M, et al. (1996). Genetic restriction of HIV-1infection and progression to AIDS by adeletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Science, 273: 1856\u20131862.<\/li>\n
  3. NCBI dbSNP Build 137 for Human http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/mailman\/pipermail\/dbsnp-announce\/2012q2\/000123.html<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Petersen, DC et al. (2002). Novel mutations and SNPs identified in CCR2 using a new comprehensive denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis assay. Hum. Mutat. 20(4): 253-9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u55ae\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u578b\u6027 (Single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u751f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4841,110,4815],"tags":[2975,3067],"class_list":["post-42800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne006-03","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne006","tag-snp","tag-3067","loop-entry","cat-4841","cat-110","cat-4815","no-thumbnail"],"views":35006,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42800"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87591,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42800\/revisions\/87591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}