{"id":3421,"date":"2009-06-23T12:00:55","date_gmt":"2009-06-23T04:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=3421"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:49:36","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:49:36","slug":"%e6%b6%88%e6%97%8b%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%ef%bc%88racemic-mixture%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e6%b6%88%e6%97%8b%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%ef%bc%88racemic-mixture%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff08Racemic Mixture\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff08Racemic Mixture\uff09<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u570b\u7acb\u65b0\u838a\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b78\u79d1\u9673\u5049\u6c11\u9000\u4f11\u6559\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u8449\u540d\u5009\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u53c8\u7a31\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\uff08racemate\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u638c\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5de6\u65cb\u8207\u53f3\u65cb\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u7b49\u91cf\u6df7\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u662f\u300c\u6d88\u65cb\u9178\u300d\uff0c\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\uff08Louis Pasteur\uff09\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u662f\u9152\u77f3\u9178\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u4e4b\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6027\u8cea<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u4e0d\u5177\u65cb\u5149\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u6703\u4f7f\u5e73\u9762\u504f\u6975\u5149\u504f\u8f49\u3002\u9019\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5169\u7a2e\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u4f7f\u5e73\u9762\u504f\u6975\u5149\u5f80\u5169\u500b\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4e92\u76f8\u62b5\u6d88\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n\u5169\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4f46\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u5f80\u5f80\u8207\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d14\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u90fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7194\u9ede\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u90fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6cb8\u9ede\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<br \/>\n\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u6216\u7d14\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u88fd\u6210\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u5169\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u85e5\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7d50\u6676<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u7d50\u6676\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u56db\u7a2e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e09\u7a2e\u57281899\u5e74\u7531\u9b6f\u65af\u672c\uff08H. W. B. Roozeboom\uff09\u5340\u5225\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2027\u6676\u5718<\/strong>\uff08Conglomerate\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u6d88\u65cb\u6676\u5718<\/strong>\uff09<br \/>\n\u7531\u4e00\u5c0d\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u6676\u9ad4\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u6709\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u89aa\u548c\u529b\uff0c\u76f8\u7570\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u8f03\u5c0f\u3002\u6d88\u65cb\u6676\u5718\u7684\u7194\u9ede\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u6bd4\u7d14\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u7684\u7194\u9ede\u4f4e\u3002\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5c11\u8a31\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728\u6676\u5718\u4e2d\uff0c\u6703\u63d0\u9ad8\u7194\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2027\u6d88\u65cb\u5316\u5408\u7269<\/strong>\uff08\u6709\u6642\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u771f\u6d88\u65cb<\/strong>\uff09<br \/>\n\u76f8\u540c\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u5c0f\uff0c\u76f8\u7570\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u55ae\u4e00\u6676\u76f8\uff0c\u5728\u6676\u80de\uff08elementary cell\uff09\u4e2d\u5169\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u4ee51:1\u6574\u9f4a\u6392\u5217\u3002\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5c11\u8a31\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728\u6d88\u65cb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u7194\u9ede\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7d14\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u7684\u7194\u9ede\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u6d88\u65cb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2027\u5047\u6d88\u65cb\u7269<\/strong>\uff08\u6709\u6642\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u6d88\u65cb\u56fa\u614b\u6eb6\u6db2<\/strong>\uff09\u76f8\u540c\u8207\u76f8\u7570\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u6c92\u6709\u592a\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u8207\u6d88\u65cb\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6216\u6676\u5718\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5169\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5728\u6676\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7b49\u91cf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6574\u9f4a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5c11\u8a31\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728\u5047\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u7194\u9ede\u6539\u8b8a\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2027\u4f3c\u6d88\u65cb\u7269<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f3c\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u662f\u5169\u7a2e\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u5de6\u65cb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u53f3\u65cb\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4e8c\u8005\u5316\u5b78\u6027\u8cea\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u7acb\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u6d88\u65cb\u6676\u76f8\u3002\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\u57281853\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u6b64\u985e\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7531(+)-\u9152\u77f3\u9178\u4e8c\u92a8\u9e7d\u8207(-)-\u860b\u679c\u9178\u4e8c\u92a8\u9e7d\uff0c\u4ee51:2\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6eb6\u65bc\u6c34\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002\u5230\u4e862008\u5e74\uff0c\u7d93\u91cd\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6b64\u4e00\u6676\u9ad4\u5448\u555e\u9234\u5f62\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u542b\u6709(+)-\u9152\u77f3\u9178\u6c2b\u92a8\uff0c\u5916\u570d\u90e8\u5206\u662f(+)-\u9152\u77f3\u9178\u6c2b\u92a8\u8207(-)-\u860b\u679c\u9178\u6c2b\u92a8\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4f3c\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u96e2<\/strong><br \/>\n\u628a\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u7684\u5404\u6210\u5206\u5206\u96e2\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7d14\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u638c\u6027\u5206\u96e2\u3002\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7d50\u6676\u3001\u5c64\u6790\u8207\u4f7f\u7528\u9176\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6210\u529f\u5206\u96e2\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u624b\u628a\u6676\u5718\u88e1\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u6676\u9ad4\u5206\u958b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5408\u6210<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u638c\u6027\u7269\u8cea\uff08\u5982\u638c\u6027\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u3001\u638c\u6027\u6eb6\u5291\u6216\u638c\u6027\u8d77\u59cb\u7269\uff09\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7522\u751f\u7684\u638c\u6027\u7522\u7269\u7e3d\u662f\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5408\u6210\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5225\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5408\u6210\u7d14\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u4fbf\u5b9c\u53c8\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u9019\u5f15\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7591\u554f\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u7403\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u6d88\u65cb\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u751f\u7269\u6703\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u540c\u638c\u6027\u5206\u5b50\uff08homochirality\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u5206\u5b50\u70baL-\u578b\uff09\uff1f<br \/>\n\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a66\u5291\uff0c\u6216\u7522\u751f\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u7acb\u9ad4\u7279\u7570\u6027\u300d\u6216\u7121\u7acb\u9ad4\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u300d\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7acb\u9ad4\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u7121\u504f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6d88\u65cb\u85e5\u7269<\/strong><br \/>\n\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u662f\u638c\u6027\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5404\u500b\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u5c0d\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u6d88\u65cb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u6216\u55ae\u4e00\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u51fa\u552e\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u5305\u542b\u6c99\u5229\u7ac7\u9081\uff08Thalidomide\uff0c\u53ef\u6e1b\u5c11\u61f7\u5b55\u5a66\u5973\u5641\u5fc3\u5614\u5410\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7578\u5f62\u80ce\uff09\u3001\u4f0a\u666e\u819c\u8863\u9320\uff08ibuprofen\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u9000\u71d2\u93ae\u75db\u85e5\uff09\u548c\u7626\u8089\u7cbe\uff08Salbutamol\uff0c\u70ba\u6cbb\u7642\u4eba\u985e\u6c23\u5598\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u88ab\u8aa4\u7528\u70ba\u8c6c\u8089\u53ca\u9d5d\u8089\u7684\u7626\u8089\u7cbe\uff09\u3002Adderall\uff08\u6cbb\u7642\u904e\u52d5\u5152\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff09\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u93e1\u50cf\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53f3\u65cb\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u786b\u9178\u9e7d\u3001\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u3001\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u53f3\u65cb\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u3001\u5929\u9580\u51ac\u80fa\u9178D\/L-\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u4e00\u6c34\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8655\u65b9\u6b62\u75db\u85e5\u7279\u62c9\u55ce\u7ac7\uff08tramadol\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u6d88\u65cb\u7269\u3002<br 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