{"id":3256,"date":"2009-02-02T11:09:14","date_gmt":"2009-02-02T03:09:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=3256"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:50:35","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:50:35","slug":"%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e9%9c%80%e6%b0%a7%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%88chemical-oxygen-demand%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e9%9c%80%e6%b0%a7%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%88chemical-oxygen-demand%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf (Chemical Oxygen Demand)<\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u8449\u540d\u5009\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u5316\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf (COD)\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4ee5\u9593\u63a5\u91cf\u5ea6\u6c34\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u3002COD\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u6e2c\u5b9a\u8868\u9762\u6c34\uff08\u5982\u6e56\u6c34\u548c\u6cb3\u6c34\uff09\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u542b\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u85c9\u6b64\u5f97\u77e5\u6c34\u8cea\u7684\u597d\u58de\u3002COD\u503c\u7684\u91cf\u6e2c\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u6bcf\u516c\u5347\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6eb6\u8cea\u7684\u4eb3\u514b\u6578(mg\/L)\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u51fa\u6bcf\u5347\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c27\u6c23\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6587\u737b\u4e0a\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u767e\u842c\u5206\u6fc3\u5ea6(ppm)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u700f\u89bd (Overview)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

COD\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u9178\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8207\u5f37\u6c27\u5316\u5291\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u30cb\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3001\u6c28\u53ca\u6c34\u8207\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u53ef\u7528\u4e0b\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u9700\u6c27\u91cf\u4e26\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6c28\u53ef\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u785d\u9178\u9e7d\u985e\u3002\u6c28\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u785d\u9178\u9e7d\u985e\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u6211\u5011\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u785d\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5176\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7576\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u785d\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u91cf\u6642\u53ef\u7531\u4e0a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6c42\u5f97\u3002\u30cb\u927b\u9178\u6839\u4e0d\u6703\u5c07\u6c28\u6c23\u5316\u6210\u785d\u9178\u9e7d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf\u6e2c\u5b9a\u4e2d\u785d\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u91cf\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8a08\u3002\u570b\u969b\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5ISO6060\u7528\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b77\u53f2 (History)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u6709\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u5f37\u6c27\u5316\u5291\u4e2d\u7684\u904e\u9333\u9178\u9240\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u91cf\u6e2c\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ea\u53ef\u7a31\u70ba\u904e\u9333\u9178\u9240\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u91cf\u800c\u975e\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u91cf\u3002\u904e\u9333\u9178\u9240\u6c27\u5316\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u7684\u6548\u7387\u662f\u4e0d\u6613\u638c\u63a7\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0bBOD\u6e2c\u91cf\u503c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u5927\u65bcCOD\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u904e\u9333\u9178\u9240\u7121\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6c34\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6e2c\u91cfCOD\u6642\u904e\u9333\u9178\u9240\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5291\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4f86\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5291\u5982\u786b\u9178\u9230\u3001\u7898\u5316\u9240\u548c\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u7b49\u90fd\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cfCOD\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u6548\u7387\u6700\u4f73\u3001\u76f8\u5c0d\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u5bb9\u6613\u7d14\u5316\u800c\u4e14\u5e7e\u4e4e\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6c27\u5316\u6240\u6709\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 (Using potassium dichromate)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u5728\u9178\u6027\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u662f\u5f37\u6c27\u5316\u5291\uff08\u6211\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u786b\u9178\u4f86\u7576\u9178\u6e90\uff09\u3002\u30cb\u927b\u9178\u9240\u8207\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u5f0f\u4e2dd = 2n\/3 + a\/6 – b\/3 – c\/2\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u75280.25N\u7576\u91cf\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8a66\u6a23\u7684COD\u503c\u4f4e\u65bc50mg\/L, \u4f46\u8f03\u4f4e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u4ecd\u53ef\u9069\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u8a66\u6a23\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u88ab\u9084\u539f\uff08\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6c27\u5316\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c27\u5316\u8207\u9084\u539f\u662f\u76f8\u4f34\u767c\u751f\u7684\uff09\u800c\u7522\u751fCr3+<\/sup> \u3002Cr3+<\/sup>\u7684\u91cf\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6c27\u5316\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u5168\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u53ef\u9593\u63a5\u6e2c\u91cf\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7a7a\u767d\u503c (Blanks)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u6e2c\u91cf\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u8017\u6c27\u91cf\u6642\uff0c\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5916\u5728\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u56e0\u5076\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\u800c\u52a0\u5165\u4e26\u5f71\u97ff\u6aa2\u6e2c\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u638c\u63a7\u6b64\u4e00\u5e72\u64fe\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u4ee5\u505a\u7a7a\u767d\u8a66\u6a23\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u53ca\u7a7a\u767d\u8a66\u6a23\u540c\u6642\u6e2c\u5176COD\u503c\uff0c\u5c07\u5169\u8005\u7684\u6578\u503c\u76f8\u6e1b\u5373\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u5be6\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u7684COD\u503c\u3002
\n
\n<\/strong>\u904e\u91cf\u8a66\u5291\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf (Measurement of excess)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u6703\u52a0\u5165\u904e\u91cf\u7684\u30cb\u927b\u9178\u9240\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u53cd\u61c9\u5b8c\u7684\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u5247\u53ef\u7528\u786b\u9178\u4e9e\u9435\u92a8\u4f86\u6ef4\u5b9a\u4f7f\u5176\u5b8c\u5168\u6c27\u5316\u6210Cr3+<\/sup> \u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u6ef4\u5b9a\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u52a0\u5165\u9130\u4e8c\u6c2e\u83f2\u96e2\u5b50\uff08Ferroin\uff09\u7576\u6307\u793a\u5291\uff0c\u7576\u6ef4\u5b9a\u5b8c\u6210\u6642\u5176\u984f\u8272\u7531\u85cd\u7da0\u8272\u8b8a\u6210\u7d05\u68d5\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5 (Calculations)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a08\u7b97COD\u503c\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

b : \u7a7a\u767d\u8a66\u6a23\u6240\u9700\u786b\u9178\u4e9e\u9435\u92a8\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d\uff0c\uff33: \u539f\u59cb\u8a66\u6a23\u6240\u9700\u786b\u9178\u4e9e\u9435\u92a8\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d
\nn : \u786b\u9178\u4e9e\u9435\u92a8\u7684\u7576\u91cf\u6fc3\u5ea6<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7528\u6beb\u5347\u70ba\u9ad4\u7a4d\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u5247\u5176COD\u503c\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\uff4d\uff47\uff0f\uff2c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u9032\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u6642\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u8a08\u91cf\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f86\u9810\u4f30COD\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u5b9a\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u4e2d\u5168\u90e8\u7684\uff23\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u8f49\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3001\uff28\u5143\u7d20\u8f49\u6210\u6c34\u800c\uff2e\u5143\u7d20\u5247\u8b8a\u6210\u6c28\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u516c\u5f0f\u8a08\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n

COD = (C\/FW)(RMO)(32)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff23=\u8a66\u6a23\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d\u83ab\u8033\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0cFW=\u8a66\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff0cRMO=\u6c27\u6c23\u7684\u83ab\u8033\u6578\u8207\u88ab\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u83ab\u8033\u6578\u7684\u6bd4\u503c<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\ufe55\u5047\u5982\u6709500wppm\u7684\u915a\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u8207COD\u503c\u8a08\u7b97\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

C6<\/sub>H5<\/sub>OH + 7O2<\/sub> \u2192 6CO2<\/sub> + 3H2<\/sub>O
\nCOD = (500\/94)(7)(32) = 1191 wppm<\/p>\n

\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u5e72\u64fe (Inorganic interference)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u9ad8\u6fc3\u5ea6\u53ef\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u7121\u6a5f\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6703\u5e72\u64fe\uff23\uff2f\uff24\u503c\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\u73fe\u8c61\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6c61\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53c8\u4ee5\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\u6700\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u5728\u6e2c\u91cf\u524d\u5728\u6c34\u8a66\u6a23\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u786b\u9178\u6c5e\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5e72\u64fe\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u70ba\u4e00\u4e9b\u7121\u6a5f\u5e72\u64fe\u7269\u8207\u5176\u6d88\u9664\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5316\u5b78\u9700\u6c27\u91cf (Chemical Oxygen Demand) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u8449\u540d\u5009\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f \u5728\u74b0\u5883…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,79,77],"tags":[7989,1515,1258],"class_list":["post-3256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry08-02","category-chemistry08","tag-chemical-oxygen-demand","tag-1515","tag-1258","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-79","cat-77","no-thumbnail"],"views":40185,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91348,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3256\/revisions\/91348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}