{"id":31242,"date":"2011-07-24T19:21:18","date_gmt":"2011-07-24T11:21:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=31242"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:25:53","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:25:53","slug":"%e5%ad%91%e9%81%ba%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%ef%bc%88relict-species%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%ad%91%e9%81%ba%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%ef%bc%88relict-species%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269 (Relict Species)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u65b0\u5317\u5e02\u7acb<\/strong>\u78a7\u83ef\u570b\u6c11\u4e2d\u5b78\u81ea\u7136\u9818\u57df\u5f35\u4e16\u73aa\u8001\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9673\u4fca\u5b8f\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f55\u8b02\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u300c\u5b51\u907a\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u65bc\u3010\u8a69\u7d93\u2027\u5927\u96c5\u2027\u96f2\u6f22\u7bc7\u3011\uff1a\u300c\u5468\u4f59\u9ece\u6c11\uff0c\u9761\u6709\u5b51\u907a\u300d\u3002\u5b51\u907a\u70ba\u55ae\u7368\u3001\u9918\u7559\u6216\u6b98\u5b58\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u800c\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u6307\u5728\u9060\u53e4\u6642\u4ee3\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u4eca\u4ecd\u6709\u6b98\u5b58\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3002\u9019\u985e\u751f\u7269\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5730\u8cea\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u66fe\u7d93\u76f8\u7576\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5730\u5340\u76f8\u7576\u5ee3\u6ff6\u3002\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b77\u7d93\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6ec5\u7d55\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u6ec5\u4ea1\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u4ecd\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u89aa\u8fd1\u7a2e\u985e\u4ea6\u751a\u70ba\u7a00\u5c11\uff0c\u4e14\u6b98\u5b58\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u4fb7\u9650\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u7a00\u5c11\u800c\u72f9\u5c0f\u7684\u5340\u57df\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b58\u6d3b\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e45\u9060\u3001\u65cf\u7fa4\u6578\u91cf\u5c11\u3001\u89aa\u65cf\u7a2e\u985e\u5c11\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5340\u57df\u72f9\u9698\uff0c\u4fbf\u6210\u70ba\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65cf\u7fa4\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u4e8c\u3001\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u539f\u56e0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u82e5\u53ea\u751f\u5b58\u65bc\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4fbf\u7a31\u70ba\u8a72\u5340\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u7279\u6709\u751f\u7269(Relict endemic)\u3002
\n\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53ef\u6b78\u7d0d\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u6f14\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u5b51\u907a(Evolutionary relicts)<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u5176\u8840\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u8fd1\u89aa\u7a2e\u7686\u5df2\u6ec5\u7d55\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u6b64\u985e\u65cf\u7fa4\u4ecd\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u73fe\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4fbf\u5c6c\u6f14\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u3002
\n\u6f14\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5c6c\u66fe\u5206\u5316\u51fa\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u4eca\u50c5\u5728\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u72f9\u5c0f\u5730\u5340\u6b98\u5b58\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u7a2e\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u6709\u4e9b\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u7368\u7acb\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7a2e\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5730\u8cea\u5e74\u4ee3\u5230\u73fe\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u6c92\u6709\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u9280\u674f (Ginkgo biloba<\/em>)\u3002
\n
\n2. \u5730\u5f62\u5730\u8c8c\u7684\u5b51\u907a(Geomorphological relicts)<\/strong>
\n\u5730\u7403\u7684 \u74b0\u5883\u6642\u5e38\u5728\u8b8a\u52d5\uff0c\u82e5\u56e0\u5730\u6bbc\u8b8a\u52d5\uff0c\u6d77\u5cb8\u7dda\u9000\u7e2e\u7b49\u5730\u7406\u8b8a\u9077\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u4fbf\u7a31\u70ba\u5730\u5f62\u5730\u8c8c\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u5cf6\u7b49\u9694\u96e2\u5340\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u53d7\u5230\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u53ca\u7af6\u722d \u58d3\u529b\u8f03\u4f4e\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7269\u7a2e\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u5927\u9678\u7684\u89aa\u5c6c\u7a2e\u6d88\u5931\u5f8c\u4ecd\u5b58\u6d3b\u65bc\u5cf6\u5dbc\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u4e5f\u53ef\u6b78\u70ba\u6b64\u985e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5357\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u8056\u8d6b\u52d2\u7d0d\u5cf6(St. Helena)\u7684\u8568\u985eDicksonia arborescens<\/em>\u3002
\n
\n3. \u6c23\u5019\u7684\u5b51\u907a(Climatic relicts)<\/strong>
\n\u7531\u65bc\u6c23\u5019\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u51b0\u6cb3\u6642\u671f\u4f86\u81e8\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u5317\u65b9\u8010\u5bd2\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u6703\u64f4\u5f35\u5176\u751f\u5b58\u9818\u57df\u81f3\u8f03\u70ba\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7576\u6eab\u5ea6\u56de\u5347\u5f8c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u67d0\u4e9b\u7de3\u6545\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9019\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u8fd4 \u56de\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u68f2\u606f\u5730\u800c\u7559\u5728\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u6eab\u6696\u5730\u5340\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6eef\u7559\u5728\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6703\u56e0\u7121\u6cd5\u9069\u61c9\u74b0\u5883\u800c\u6ec5\u7d55\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9000\u7e2e\u5230\u9ad8\u5c71\u7b49\u985e\u4f3c\u5317\u65b9\u5bd2\u51b7\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5340 \u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u751f\u7269\u4fbf\u7a31\u70ba\u51b0\u6cb3\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269(Glacial relict species)\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u81fa\u7063\u5c71\u6912\u9b5a(Hynobius formosanus)\u53ca\u6afb\u82b1\u9264\u543b\u9bad(Species masou\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u4e9e\u7a2eSubspecies formosanus)\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u907a\u50b3\u6f02\u8b8a(gene drift)\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u5c0f\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u8f03\u4e00\u822c\u65cf\u7fa4\u9762\u81e8\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6ec5\u7a2e\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u906d\u9047\u5230\u6c23\u5019\u7570\u5e38\u3001\u5929\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u3001\u6216\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u6feb\u58be\u6feb\u4f10\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5404\u7a2e\u8fb2\u696d\u53ca\u958b\u767c\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6703\u9020\u6210\u91ce\u751f\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u68f2\u5730\u7684\u55aa\u5931\uff0c\u5c0d\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u4ea6\u6703\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5c0d\u5b51\u907a\u7279\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2\uff0c\u70ba\u4fdd\u6301\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6a23\u6027(biodiversity)\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\uff0c\u5404\u570b\u61c9\u5c07\u5b51\u907a\u7279\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4fdd\u80b2\uff0c\u5217\u70ba\u5176\u4fdd\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong>
\n1. \u5442\u5149\u6d0b\u7b49(\u8b6f)(2007)\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5730\u7406\u5b78(\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aC. Barry Cox \uff06 Peter D. Moore)\u3002\u81fa\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u85dd\u8ed2\u3002
\n2. \u6797\u8ff7(2010)\u3002\u6dfa\u8ac7\u5b51\u907a\u690d\u7269\u3002\u7da0\u6797\u904a\u68ad\u7db2\uff1ahttp:\/\/transylva-ecology.blogspot.com\/2010\/10\/blog-post.html<\/a>
\n3. \u89c0\u9727\u5c71\u6912\u9b5a\u5728\u96ea\u9738\u3002http:\/\/www.afa-nature.com.tw\/see-pa\/index130.asp
\n<\/a> 4. \u570b\u7acb\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\uff1ahttp:\/\/life.nthu.edu.tw\/~labtcs\/Salmon\/faq\/faq_index.htm#faq110<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5b51\u907a\u751f\u7269 (Relict Species) \u65b0\u5317\u5e02\u7acb\u78a7\u83ef\u570b\u6c11\u4e2d\u5b78\u81ea\u7136\u9818\u57df\u5f35\u4e16\u73aa\u8001\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9673…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4826,110,4812],"tags":[3423,3424,3422,841,3152],"class_list":["post-31242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne003-01","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne003","tag-relict","tag-species","tag-3422","tag-841","tag-3152","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-4826","cat-110","cat-4812","no-thumbnail"],"views":22053,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31242"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88267,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31242\/revisions\/88267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}