{"id":30257,"date":"2011-07-12T08:10:25","date_gmt":"2011-07-12T00:10:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=30257"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:26:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:26:03","slug":"%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e6%89%93%e9%80%a0%e6%b0%b8%e7%ba%8c%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e7%9a%84%e8%97%8d%e5%9c%96%e8%88%87%e8%a1%8c%e5%8b%95%ef%bc%881%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a-3r%e5%8e%9f%e5%89%87%e7%9a%84%e7%ab%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%ac%e6%89%93%e9%80%a0%e6%b0%b8%e7%ba%8c%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e7%9a%84%e8%97%8d%e5%9c%96%e8%88%87%e8%a1%8c%e5%8b%95%ef%bc%881%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a-3r%e5%8e%9f%e5%89%87%e7%9a%84%e7%ab%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u65e5\u672c\u6253\u9020\u6c38\u7e8c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u85cd\u5716\u8207\u884c\u52d5\uff081\uff09\uff1a 3R\u539f\u5247\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8207\u6210\u6548"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u65e5\u672c\u6253\u9020\u6c38\u7e8c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u85cd\u5716\u8207\u884c\u52d5\uff081\uff09\uff1a 3R\u539f\u5247\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8207\u6210\u6548
\n<\/span>\u7f8e\u570bStony Brook University\u738b\u745c\u541b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\/\u7f8e\u570bStony Brook University\u738b\u745c\u541b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u601d\u8003\u554f\u984c\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u5de5\u696d\u5927\u570b\u65e5\u672c\u63a8\u52d5\u6c38\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. \u65e5\u672c\u8cc7\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e3b\u8981\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u54ea\u4e9b\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff1f
\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u6311\u6230\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u4f48\u5c40
\n<\/span><\/strong>\u5de5\u696d\u5927\u570b\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u52d5\u529b\u5fc5\u9808\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4ef0\u8cf4\u9032\u53e3\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u7a20\u5bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u689d\u4ef6\u4e5f\u9762\u81e8\u5927\u91cf\u5ee2\u68c4\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7522\u54c1\u8a72\u4f55\u53bb\u4f55\u5f9e\u7684\u96e3\u984c\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u61c9\u5c0d\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5f9e\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e3b\u5c0e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\/\u63a7\u5236\u578b\u7ba1\u5236 \uff08Command-and-control regulations\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7576\u5c40\u751a\u81f3\u8a08\u756b\u8981\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u63a8\u5c55\u5230\u4e9e\u6d32\u9130\u8fd1\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u7e3d\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u8cc7\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u653f\u7b56\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f01\u5716\u5fc3\uff1a1\uff09\u89e3\u6c7a\u73fe\u5be6\u8cc7\u6e90\u77ed\u7f3a\u548c\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\u8655\u7f6e\u7684\u96e3\u984c\uff0c2\uff09\u70ba\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u518d\u751f\u56de\u6536\u7522\u696d\u7684\u5148\u6a5f\uff0c3)\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u74b0\u4fdd\u7522\u696d\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4f5c\u70ba\u62d3\u5c55\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u7c4c\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n


\n\u8cc7\u6e90\u518d\u751f\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u548c\u751f\u7522\u8005\u8cac\u4efb\u5ef6\u4f38\uff08extended producer responsibility\uff0c \u7c21\u7a31EPR\uff09\u5236\u5ea6
\n<\/span><\/strong>\u65e5\u672c\u5efa\u7acb\u8cc7\u6e90\u518d\u751f\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u9769\u65b0\u8457\u624b\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u70ba\u4e86\u61c9\u4ed8\u8cc7\u6e90\u77ed\u7f3a\u548c\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\u8655\u7f6e\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f2000\u5e74\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u300a\u5efa\u7acb\u518d\u751f\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u300b\uff08The Fundamental Law for Establishing the Recycling-based Society \uff09\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f\u9019\u9805\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c 2001 \u5e74\u53c8\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u300a\u5efa\u7acb\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u518d\u751f\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u672c\u898f\u5283\u300b\uff08Fundamental Plan for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba10 \u5e74\u5be6\u65bd\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6210\u6548\u986f\u8457\uff0c\u57282007\u5e743\u6708\u6642\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u53c8\u63a8\u52d5\u66f4\u6709\u4f01\u5716\u5fc3\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u57fa\u672c\u898f\u5283\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6c38\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u85cd\u5716\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff08\u6216\u53e3\u865f\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u518d\u751f\u793e\u6703\u300d\u70baSound Material- Cycle Society (SMS)\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c3R\u300d\uff08Reduce, Reuse, Recycle\uff09\u653f\u7b56\u6216\u884c\u52d5\u8a08\u756b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u57161\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u8cc7\u6e90\u518d\u751f\u793e\u67033R\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6a19\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u904e\u7a0b\u548c\u9810\u671f\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a\u6750\u6599\u751f\u7522\u50f9\u503c\uff08material productivity, \u55ae\u4f4d\u662f\uff1a\u6bcf\u516c\u5678\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\uff09, \u518d\u751f\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 \uff08Usage rate of Recycled Goods\uff09, \u6700\u7d42\u8655\u7406\u91cf (final disposal, \u6307\u5269\u4e0b\u6700\u5f8c\u7121\u6cd5\u518d\u56de\u6536\u7684\u91cf)\u3002\u5716\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6a19\u8b58\u51fa2010\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\uff09\u548c2015\u5e74\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\uff09\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002 \uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aTanaka 2008\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u57162\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u5bb6\u7528\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u56de\u6536\u518d\u751f\u5de5\u5ee0\u3002 \uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aMoE Japan 2006, p18.\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e3b\u8981\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5faa\u74b0\u3001\u8655\u7f6e\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u8a2d\u65bd\u5916\uff0c\u8a72\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9084\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u7522\u548c\u92b7\u552e\u696d\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8005\u8cac\u4efb\u5ef6\u4f38\uff08extended producer responsibility\uff0c \u7c21\u7a31EPR\uff09\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u751f\u7522\u8005\u8cac\u4efb\u5ef6\u4f38\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u88e1\u9762\u5e7e\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u6027\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u751f\u7522\u8005\u56de\u6536\u5176\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u62b5\u62bc\u91d1\u9000\u9084\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u8ca1\u653f\u548c\/\u6216\u7269\u8cea\u8cac\u4efb\u5f9e\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u4e0a\u6e38\u751f\u7522\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u96c6\u88dd\u7bb1\u3001\u5305\u88dd\u884c\u696d\u548c\u5bb6\u7528\u96fb\u5668\u884c\u696d\u57f7\u884c\u8a72\u9805\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b93\u65e5\u672c\u5de5\u696d\u754c\u4e5f\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408\u7684\u56de\u6536\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5f9e\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5c31\u76e1\u91cf\u7b26\u54083R\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u56de\u6536\u548c\u518d\u5229\u7528\uff08\u57163\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u57163\uff1a\u7b26\u54083R\u539f\u5247\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u5f9e\u6d17\u8863\u6a5f\u56de\u6536\u5f8c\u7684\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5230\u51b0\u7bb1\u4e0a\u3002 \uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aMoE Japan 2006, p.24\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u8fc4\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6210\u679c\u986f\u8457\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u6536\u96c6\u9ede\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u6d88\u8cbb\u5b8c\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u6578\u91cf\u6709\u6240\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c2003 \u5e74\u548c2004 \u5e74\u5206\u5225\u6bd42002 \u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e863% \u548c10%\u3002\u88681\u548c\u57161\u662f\u9019\u500b\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6210\u679c\u986f\u793a\u30022007\u5e74\u5f8c\u65e5\u672c\u53c8\u63a8\u51fa\u7bc4\u570d\u66f4\u5ee3\uff0c\u4f01\u5716\u5fc3\u66f4\u5f37\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u57161\u4e2d\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\u4e862015\u5e74\u7684\u9810\u8a08\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u63a8\u52d5\u9019\u500b\u898f\u5283\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u9580\u9593\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u74b0\u5883\u7701\uff08The Ministry of the Environment, MOE\uff09\uff0c \u8ca0\u8cac\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u898f\u5283\u548c\u8655\u7406\u5404\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u5340\u7684\u5ee2\u68c4\u7269\uff1b\u7d93\u6fdf\u7522\u696d\u7701\uff08Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry \uff0cMETI\uff09\u8ca0\u8cac\u63a8\u52d5\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u548c\u63a8\u52d5\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\u9032\u884c\u56de\u6536\uff1b\u8fb2\u6797\u6c34\u7523\u7701\uff08Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\uff0cMAFF\uff09\u5247\u8ca0\u8cac\u76e3\u7ba1\u751f\u7269\u6027\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u7269\u6d41\u904e\u7a0b\u3002 \u570b\u571f\u4ea4\u901a\u7701\uff08Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation\uff0c MLIT\uff09\u5247\u76e3\u7ba1\u5efa\u6750\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u7a0b\u3002
\n <\/strong>
\n\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a
\n<\/strong>1. \u806f\u5408\u570b\u74b0\u5883\u898f\u5283\u7f72\u300a\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u5c55\u671b 4\u300b\uff08GEO4\uff09\u7b2c10\u7ae0\uff08http:\/\/www.unep.org\/geo\/GEO4\/report\/GEO-4_Report_Full_CH.pdf<\/a>\uff09
\n2. Kazuhiko Takeuchi 2008: “Promotion of Resource Resource-Circulating Society” (http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/dataoecd\/13\/40\/40799008.pdf<\/a>)
\n3. Izumi Tanaka 2008: “Promotion of Resource Efficiency in Japan\u2013 through 3R policies” (Swedish Institute For Growth Policy Studies) (http:\/\/www.tillvaxtanalys.se\/tua\/export\/sv\/filer\/publikationer-arkiv\/itps\/pm-serien\/2008\/promotion-of-resource-efficiency-in-japan-08.pdf<\/a>)
\n4. The Ministry of the Environment \uff08MoE \uff09Japan 2006: Sweeping Policy Reform Towards a \u201dSound Material-Cycle Society\u201d<\/em> \uff08www.env.go.jp\/en\/wpaper\/smc2006\/fulltext.pdf<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u65e5\u672c\u6253\u9020\u6c38\u7e8c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u85cd\u5716\u8207\u884c\u52d5\uff081\uff09\uff1a 3R\u539f\u5247\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8207\u6210\u6548 \u7f8e\u570bStony Brook University\u738b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4807,4719,4803,6446,4802],"tags":[3298,4479,3299,3157],"class_list":["post-30257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energy12-02","category-energy00","category-energy13","category-energy13-04","category-energy12","tag-3r","tag-4479","tag-3299","tag-3157","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-4807","cat-4719","cat-4803","cat-6446","cat-4802","no-thumbnail"],"views":3961,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30257"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88322,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30257\/revisions\/88322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}