{"id":73545,"date":"2017-04-26T12:33:47","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T04:33:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=73545"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:03:39","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:03:39","slug":"%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2-%e9%bb%8e%e6%9b%bc-riemann-%e8%ab%96%e5%bd%8e%e6%9b%b2%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%e7%9a%84%e7%b6%93%e5%85%b8%e6%bc%94%e8%ac%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2-%e9%bb%8e%e6%9b%bc-riemann-%e8%ab%96%e5%bd%8e%e6%9b%b2%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%e7%9a%84%e7%b6%93%e5%85%b8%e6%bc%94%e8%ac%9b\/","title":{"rendered":"[\u7269\u7406\u53f2] \u9ece\u66fc (Riemann) \u8ad6\u5f4e\u66f2\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6f14\u8b1b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9ece\u66fc\u8ad6\u5f4e\u66f2\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6f14\u8b1b (Riemann’s classic lecture on curved space)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb \u694a\u4fe1\u7537\u6559\u6388\u3001\u856d\u5982\u73c0<\/strong><\/span>
\n\uff08\u8b6f\u81eaAPS News<\/em><\/a>\uff0c2013\u5e746\u6708\uff09<\/p>\n

1915\u5e74\uff0c\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u57fa\u65bc\u4ed6\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u7dad\u6642\u7a7a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u5ee3\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\uff0c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\u660e\u6642\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u7ff9\u66f2\u8207\u5f4e\u66f2\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5c0d\u8cea\u91cf\u8207\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5ee3\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u7531\u5fb7\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u9ece\u66fc (Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann) \u65bc\u5927\u7d0460\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5960\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\"73545_p1\"<\/a>

\u9ece\u66fc (Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann) \uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1awikimedia commons\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

1826\u5e74\uff0c\u9ece\u66fc\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u67096\u500b\u5c0f\u5b69\uff0c\u4ed6\u6392\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u8def\u5fb7\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u7267\u5e2b\uff0c\u89aa\u81ea\u6559\u5c0e\u5152\u5b50\u76f4\u5230\u4ed610\u6b72\u70ba\u6b62\u3002\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u9ece\u66fc\u65e2\u5bb3\u7f9e\u53c8\u795e\u7d93\u8cea\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u6709\u6578\u5b78\u5929\u8ce6\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u5728\u6f22\u8afe\u5a01\u4e0a\u4e2d\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u597d\u5230\u6709\u6642\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u30021846\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u6e4a\u4e86\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u9322\uff0c\u9001\u5152\u5b50\u53bb\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78 (University of G\u00f6ttingen) \u5c31\u8b80\u3002\u9ece\u66fc\u8d77\u5148\u60f3\u8981\u7814\u8b80\u795e\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5e6b\u5fd9\u7dad\u6301\u5bb6\u88cf\u7684\u751f\u8a08\u3002\u4f46\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e0a\u9ad8\u65af (Carl Friedrich Gauss) \u548c\u65af\u7279\u6069 (Moritz Stern) \u7684\u8ab2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u6539\u63db\u7814\u7fd2\u79d1\u76ee\u3002\u9ece\u66fc\u5e36\u8457\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u65bc\u9694\u5e74\u8f49\u5b78\u5230\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u8ddf\u96a8\u7576\u6642\u5e7e\u500b\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u65bc1849\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u8ddf\u8457\u9ad8\u65af\u4fee\u7fd2\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u65bc1851\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u8907\u8b8a\u6578\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5b78\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u8aaa\u9ece\u66fc\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u5f62\u5bb9\u9ece\u66fc\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5831\u544a\u6709\u8457\u300c\u6975\u5176\u8f1d\u714c\u7684\u7368\u5275\u6027\u300d\u3002\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u9ece\u66fc\u70ba\u4e86\u6c42\u53d6\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u8077\u800c\u9700\u7d66\u6f14\u8b1b\u6642\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u7d66\u4ed6\u9019\u4f4d\u8000\u773c\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8b1b\u984c\u662f\u5e7e\u4f55\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u8cc7\u6dfa\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u8b1b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e4f\u5473\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u9ece\u66fc\u5c0d\u6f14\u8b1b\u6709\u6050\u61fc\u75c7\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u4e26\u672a\u8b93\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u5931\u671b\u3002\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u6b64\u6a5f\u6703\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7dad\u7684\u6975\u5ea6\u539f\u5275\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u57281854\u5e746\u670810\u65e5\u7684\u6f14\u8aaa\u300c\u8ad6\u5e7e\u4f55\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5305\u542b\u5982\u4f55\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7a7a\u9593\u66f2\u7387\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002\u6b64\u6f14\u8aaa\u5728\u4ed61866\u5e74\u6b7b\u5f8c\u5169\u5e74\u624d\u767c\u8868\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ece\u66fc\u7684\u6f14\u8aaa\u5305\u62ec\u5169\u500b\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u500bn-\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ece\u66fc\u7a7a\u9593\u548c\u9ece\u66fc\u5f35\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u9019\u5960\u4e0b\u4e86\u9ece\u66fc\u5e7e\u4f55\u9818\u57df\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u9ece\u66fc\u8a0e\u8ad6\u771f\u5be6\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a72\u7528\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5e7e\u4f55\u4f86\u5c0d\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ece\u66fc\u7684\u6f14\u8aaa\u8f5f\u52d5\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u592a\u9ad8\u6df1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u9ad8\u65af\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u9818\u6703\u5176\u6df1\u5967\u3002\u7562\u7adf\u9ad8\u65af\u5728\u4ed6\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u66fe\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u4e8c\u7dad\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u4ee5\u6578\u5b78\u4f86\u8a55\u91cf\u66f2\u7387\u3002\u9ad8\u65af\u4ee5\u524d\u4fbf\u66fe\u601d\u91cf\u63a8\u60f3\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u66f2\u7387\uff0c\u65bc1824\u5e74\u7d66\u859b\u7dad\u5361\u7279 (Ferdinand Schweikart) \u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5766\u8a00\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u6642\u6703\u958b\u73a9\u7b11\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6b50\u5e7e\u91cc\u5f97\u5e7e\u4f55\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u65af\u8b49\u660e\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u55ae\u4e00\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u9644\u8fd1\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u66f2\u7387\uff08\u9ad8\u65af\u66f2\u7387\uff09\uff0c\u9ece\u66fc\u5c07\u6b64\u6982\u5ff5\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u7dad\u5ea6\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u9700\u89816\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e09\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u4efb\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u66f2\u7387\uff08\u9ece\u66fc\u5ea6\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u56db\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u5247\u970020\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u3002\u9ece\u66fc\u66f2\u7387\u5f35\u91cf\u5247\u53ea\u662f\u7a7a\u9593\u4efb\u4e00\u9ede\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u66f2\u7387\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ece\u66fc\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\u4f8b\u5982\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6578\u8ad6\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8907\u6578\u6d41\u5f62\u7406\u8ad6\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u65bc1857\u5e74\u8058\u4efb\u4ed6\u70ba\u6709\u7d66\u8077\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u5e2b\u9577\u52aa\u529b\u70ba\u4ed6\u5728\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u722d\u53d6\u8b1b\u5ea7\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u7686\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u4ed6\u767c\u8868Abel\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a5\u7e8c\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5ef6\u4f38\u4ed6\u5728\u9ece\u66fc\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u62d3\u64b2\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u7d42\u65bc\u57281859\u5e74\u7372\u8058\u70ba\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u9078\u5165\u67cf\u6797\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u30021862\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u59b9\u59b9\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7d50\u5a5a\uff0c\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5973\u5152\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u8077\u696d\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u5feb\u6a02\u7686\u5f88\u77ed\u66ab\u3002\u9ece\u66fc\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e00\u5411\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u7d50\u5a5a\u5f8c\u90a3\u5e74\u4ed6\u7f79\u60a3\u91cd\u611f\u5192\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u80ba\u7d50\u6838\u3002\u90a3\u5e74\u51ac\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u5230\u6eab\u6696\u7684\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u5cf6\u907f\u5bd2\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u6c92\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u5fa9\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5065\u5eb7\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5e7e\u5e74\u4ed6\u4f86\u56de\u65bc\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u548c\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\uff0c\u65bc1866\u5e747\u670820\u65e5\u75c5\u901d\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7439\u6b72\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u6709\u540d\u7684\u99ac\u4e45\u96f7\u6e56 (Lake Maggiore) \u908a\u8abf\u990a\u8eab\u5b50\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u731c\u6e2c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7ba1\u5bb6\u5728\u4ed6\u6b7b\u5f8c\u6574\u7406\u4ed6\u7684\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u6642\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e1f\u68c4\u4e86\u5e7e\u4efd\u672a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ece\u66fc\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u6e1b\uff0c\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5f8c\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u9ece\u66fc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f8c\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ecd\u548c\u4ed6\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u9ece\u66fc\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u5b64\u7368\u800c\u7121\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u514b\u670d\u842c\u96e3\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8b93\u7a7a\u9593\u4e0d\u518d\u50f5\u786c\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u8a8d\u77e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8207\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e26\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u300d\u73fe\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ecd\u52aa\u529b\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5916\uff0c\u9ece\u66fc\u5c0d\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9f13\u821e\u4e86\u5361\u7f85\uff08Lewis Carroll\uff0c\u7b46\u540d\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u6578\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u9053\u5947\u68ee (Charles Dodgson)\uff0c\u5728\u5275\u4f5c\u300a\u611b\u9e97\u7d72\u5922\u904a\u4ed9\u5883\u300b (Alice in Wonderland<\/em>) \u548c\u300a\u611b\u9e97\u7d72\u93e1\u4e2d\u5947\u9047\u300b (Through the Looking Glass<\/em>) \u5169\u672c\u5152\u7ae5\u6587\u5b78\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u9748\u611f\u3002\u9053\u5947\u68ee\u5be6\u969b\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6b50\u5e7e\u91cc\u5f97\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ed6\u559c\u6b61\u6b50\u5e7e\u91cc\u5f97\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u9053\u5947\u68ee\u70ba\u611b\u9e97\u7d72\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u865b\u5e7b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8352\u8b2c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa19\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u6578\u5b78\u754c\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u907d\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u81f4\u5b78\u8005\u5f97\u8cbb\u529b\u5730\u601d\u8003\u6df7\u4e82\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6eff\u5f4e\u66f2\u7a7a\u9593\u8207\u865b\u69cb\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u93e1\u4e2d\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u520a\u8f09\u65bc\u7269\u7406\u96d9\u6708\u520a2016\u5e746\u6708\u865f38\u5377\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c\u611f\u8b1d\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\u6559\u6388\u540c\u610f\u6388\u6b0a\u520a\u8f09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0100\u7bc7\u5df2\u96c6\u7d50\u6210\u518a\uff0c\u7531\u4e94\u5357\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u66f8\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5947\u624d\u5947\u4e8b\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u9ece\u66fc\u8ad6\u5f4e\u66f2\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u6f14\u8b1b (Riemann’s classic lecture on curved…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107,46,47],"tags":[11120,11121,11122,11119,11118],"class_list":["post-73545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics00","category-physics12","category-physics12-01","tag-curved-space","tag-georg-friedrich-bernhard-riemann","tag-riemann","tag-11119","tag-11118","loop-entry","cat-107","cat-46","cat-47","no-thumbnail"],"views":1974,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73545","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73545"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73545\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85863,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73545\/revisions\/85863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}