{"id":73326,"date":"2016-08-04T07:16:46","date_gmt":"2016-08-03T23:16:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=73326"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:04:00","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:04:00","slug":"%e6%a4%8d%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%be%ae%e5%b0%8f-rna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e6%a4%8d%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%be%ae%e5%b0%8f-rna\/","title":{"rendered":"\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA (micro RNA of Plant) <\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u690d\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u751f \u6797\u5b5f\u6df3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fae\u5c0f RNA (micro RNA, miRNA) \u662f\u4e00\u985e\u7d04\u70ba 20\u201324 \u9e7c\u57fa\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u5c0f\u578b RNA\uff0c\u4f9d\u5176\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u4fe1\u4f7fRNA (mRNA) \u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7684\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u6216\u59a8\u7919\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u57fa\u56e0\u975c\u9ed8 (gene silencing) \u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0e\u672c\u7bc7\u5c07\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u4e26\u6bd4\u8f03\u8207\u52d5\u7269\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7570\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u65bc 1993 \u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d\u7dda\u87f2 lin-4<\/em> \u7a81\u8b8a\u9ad4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff08\u52d5\u7269\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u672c\u7db2\u7ad9 2013 \u5e74\u4e4b\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \/ \u5c0f\u5206\u5b50 RNA<\/a>\u300b\uff09\u3002\u800c\u690d\u7269\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u975c\u9ed8\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u5c31\u5df2\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u5728 2002 \u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u9678\u7e8c\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u88ab\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u53ef\u8abf\u63a7\u8a31\u591a\u690d\u7269\u7684\u751f\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8449\u7247\u7684\u767c\u80b2\uff0c\u8abf\u7bc0\u690d\u7269\u9032\u5165\u751f\u6b96\u751f\u9577\u7684\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u9006\u5883\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u7684\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u90fd\u6e90\u81ea MIR <\/em>\u57fa\u56e0\u5ea7\u8f49\u9304\u51fa\u7684\u975e\u7de8\u78bc RNA\uff08non-coding RNA\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u8f49\u8b6f\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684 RNA\uff09\u3002\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u975e\u7de8\u78bc RNA \u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u96d9\u80a1\u7684\u4e8c\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\u2014\u8396\u74b0 (stem-loop)\u2014\u7684\u524d\u9a45\u7269 (pri-miRNA)\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u524d\u9a45\u7269\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8f03\u52d5\u7269\u4f86\u5f97\u5927\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u5f9e 100 \u81f3 1000 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u88ab\u5831\u5c0e\u904e\uff08\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u524d\u9a45\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u70ba\u6578\u5341\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\"73326_p1\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u82a5\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u5408\u6210\u9014\u5f91\u3002\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6797\u5b5f\u6df3\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u5728\u7d93\u904e RNA \u5167\u5207\u9176\uff08\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u70ba Dicer\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\u70ba Dicer-Like 1, DCL1\uff09\u526a\u5207\u5f8c\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u6210\u719f\u7684\u96d9\u80a1\u5fae\u5c0f RNA duplex\u3002\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA duplex \u5728\u5f62\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u82e5\u5176 3\u2019 \u7aef\u6c92\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u88ab\u52a0\u4e0a\u591a\u500b\u8132\u5627\u5576 (poly-uracil)\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u88ab\u5916\u5207\u9176\u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u964d\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7532\u57fa\u8f49\u5316\u9176 HEN1\uff0c\u53ef\u5c07\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\u7684 3′ \u7aef\u7532\u57fa\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8132\u5627\u5576\u88ab\u63a5\u4e0a\uff0c\u85c9\u6b64\u7a69\u5b9a\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc HEN1 \u7684\u9175\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u4e0a\uff0c\u672a\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u5f8c\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA duplex\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u80a1\u70ba\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\uff0c\u53ef\u8207 ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1) \u86cb\u767d\u7d50\u5408\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u80a1\u5247\u7a31\u70ba\u5fae\u5c0f RNA star\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u8f03\u5c11\u8207 AGO1 \u86cb\u767d\u7d50\u5408\u3002\u6210\u719f\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u8207 AGO1 \u8907\u5408\u9ad4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u8207\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u800c\u8207\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u5728\u76ee\u6a19\u5340\u57df\u5f62\u6210\u96d9\u80a1\u7684 RNA \u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7684 RNA \u7d50\u5408\u86cb\u767d (RNA binding protein) \u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5f62\u6210 RNA \u8a98\u5c0e\u975c\u9ed8\u8907\u5408\u9ad4 (RNA-induced silencing complex, RISC)\u3002RISC \u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u6703\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u547d\u904b\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u88ab RNA \u5167\u5207\u9176 (endonuclease) \u526a\u5207\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u964d\u89e3\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u7531\u65bc RISC \u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u6838\u7cd6\u9ad4\u7121\u6cd5\u9806\u5229\u8f49\u8b6f \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u6291\u5236\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u8207\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u4e4b\u9593\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\u4e92\u88dc\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u6291\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u4e92\u88dc\u5340\u57df\u7684\u7b2c 10\u201311 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9130\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u5920\u4e92\u88dc\uff08A=T\u3001G\u2261C\u6216G\u3002U\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u8f03\u6613\u5c0e\u81f4\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u88ab\u5167\u5207\u9176\u526a\u5207\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5176\u964d\u89e3\uff1b\u82e5\u7b2c 10\u201311 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\u7121\u6cd5\u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u5247\u8a72\u7d50\u69cb\u7121\u6cd5\u88ab\u5167\u5207\u9176\u526a\u5207\uff0c\u4f46 RISC \u4ecd\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6838\u7cd6\u9ad4\u7121\u6cd5\u8207 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7d50\u5408\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u8f49\u8b6f\u3002\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\uff0cmiRNA \u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6291\u5236\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u900f\u904e\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7684\u964d\u89e3\uff1b\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u8f03\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u5247\u70ba\u6291\u5236\u8f49\u8b6f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4e0a\uff0c\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u7b2c 2\u20138 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\u80fd\u5920\u548c\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u9020\u6210\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u6291\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u4e92\u88dc\u7684\u7b2c 2\u20138 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u5c0d\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba seed region\u3002\u7136\u800c\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728 seed region \u5b8c\u5168\u4e92\u88dc\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6291\u5236\u8f49\u8b6f\uff0e\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5728 3′ \u7aef\u7684\u9e7c\u57fa\u4e5f\u6709\u4e92\u88dc\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6291\u5236\u8f49\u8b6f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u901a\u5e38\u6703\u8207\u76ee\u6a19 \u4fe1\u4f7f RNA \u7684 3′ \u7aef\u5c3e\u90e8\u2014\u4e0d\u6703\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u5340\u57df (3′ -untranslated region, 3′ – UTR)<\/p>\n

\u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u800c\u690d\u7269\u5247\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5e8f\u5217 (coding sequence) \u53ca\u4e0d\u6703\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u5340\u57df (UTR) \u7686\u6709\u4e92\u88dc\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u56e0\u975c\u9ed8\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u64ec (target mimicry)\u3002\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u82a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u4e00\u985e\u975e\u7de8\u78bc RNA\uff0c\u5176\u5e8f\u5217\u53ef\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\u4e92\u88dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7b2c 10-11 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u9644\u8fd1\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u7a81\u8d77 (bulge)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a\u9019\u4e9b\u975e\u7de8\u78bc RNA \u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA \u7121\u6cd5\u53bb\u6291\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u6a19\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\uff1b\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u5728\u6578\u5e74\u5f8c\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u4e2d\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e26\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u8a98\u990cRNA (RNA decoy)\u3002\u96d6\u8aaa\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u662f\u9020\u6210\u57fa\u56e0\u975c\u9ed8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5408\u6210\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u4e0d\u5c11\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n

\"73326_p2\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e8c\u3001\u76ee\u6a19\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u64ec (Target mimicry) \u793a\u610f\u5716\u3002\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6797\u5b5f\u6df3\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Alvarez, J. P., Pekker, I., Goldshmidt, A., Blum, E., Amsellem, Z., & Eshed, Y. (2006). Endogenous and synthetic microRNAs stimulate simultaneous, efficient, and localized regulation of multiple targets in diverse species. The Plant Cell, 18<\/em>, 1134-1151.<\/li>\n
  2. Ameres, S. L., & Zamore, P. D. (2013). Diversifying microRNA sequence and function. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 14<\/em>, 475-488.<\/li>\n
  3. Ding, S. W. (2010). RNA-based antiviral immunity. Nature Reviews Immunology, <\/em>10<\/em>, 632-644.<\/li>\n
  4. Li, S., Liu, L., Zhuang, X., Yu, Y., Liu, X., Cui, X., Ji, L., Pan, Z., Cao, X., Mo, B., Zhang, F., Raikhel, N., Jiang, L., & Chen, X. (2013). MicroRNAs inhibit the translation of target mRNAs on the endoplasmic reticulum in Arabidopsis. Cell 153<\/em>, 562-574.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u690d\u7269\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f RNA (micro RNA of Plant) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u690d\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u751f \u6797\u5b5f\u6df3 \u5fae\u5c0f …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4810,4825,110,4817,4811],"tags":[10383,10381,9635,10446,10382,4759,10444,10445],"class_list":["post-73326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne001","category-lifesciecne002-04","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne001-01","category-lifesciecne002","tag-gene-silencing","tag-micro-rna","tag-mirna","tag-target-mimicry","tag-10382","tag-rna","tag--rna","tag-10445","loop-entry","cat-4810","cat-4825","cat-110","cat-4817","cat-4811","no-thumbnail"],"views":4909,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73326"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73326\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86032,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73326\/revisions\/86032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}