{"id":71842,"date":"2016-06-06T08:10:23","date_gmt":"2016-06-06T00:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=71842"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:09:28","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:09:28","slug":"%e9%8f%88%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e5%8f%8d%e6%87%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e9%8f%88%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e5%8f%8d%e6%87%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9 (Chain Polymerization)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u9ec3\u4ef2\u6977<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7c21\u4ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"71842_p1\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u4fdd\u7f85\u00b7\u5f17\u6d1b\u91cc (Paul John Flory)\u3002\uff08\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u65995\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

1929 \u5e74\uff0c\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\uff0e\u5361\u7f85\u745f\u65af (Wallace Hume Carothers) \u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4f9d\u805a\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5206\u70ba\u52a0\u6210\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7e2e\u5408\u805a\u5408\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u63d0\u53ca\u5169\u8005\u7522\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u52a0\u6210\u805a\u5408\u7684\u7522\u7269\u50c5\u6709\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u7e2e\u5408\u805a\u5408\u9084\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f4e\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c 1953 \u5e74\uff0c\u4fdd\u7f85\uff0e\u5f17\u6d1b\u91cc (Paul John Flory) \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4ee5\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\u70ba\u4f9d\u6b78\uff0c\u5c07\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u9577\u805a\u5408 (step-growth polymerization) \u548c\u93c8\u589e\u9577\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9 (chain-growth polymerization)\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8aaa\u660e\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u9577\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u6709\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u7684\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u800c\u93c8\u589e\u9577\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u5247\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u6216\u96e2\u5b50\u57fa\u5718\u30021<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u6982\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u93c8\u589e\u9577\u805a\u5408\u53ef\u7c21\u7a31\u70ba\u93c8\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7531\u4e0d\u98fd\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u55ae\u9ad4\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u805a\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u8005\u7684\u8f49\u5316\u7387\u8f03\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u53ef\u88fd\u6210\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u3001\u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u548c\u805a\u6c2f\u4e59\u70ef\u3002\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u6d3b\u6027\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8005\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u53ca\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u3001\u96e2\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7684\u96e2\u5b50\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u6709\u6a5f\u91d1\u5c6c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u805a\u5408\u30021<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u96a8\u8457\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u55ae\u9ad4\u7684\u74b0\u6216 \u9375\u5c31\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u65b7\u88c2\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u9ad4\u76f8\u4e92\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u5ef6\u9577\u805a\u5408\u7269\u93c8\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u589e\u9577 (propagation) \u53cd\u61c9\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u9084\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8d77\u59cb (initiation) \u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5728\u8d77\u59cb\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5f15\u767c\u5291 (initiator)\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\uff0c\u518d\u8207\u55ae\u9ad4\u53cd\u61c9\u7522\u751f\u5177\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u7684\u55ae\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u624d\u80fd\u9023\u63a5\u4e0b\u500b\u55ae\u9ad4\u9032\u884c\u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\u30022<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u5728\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u652f\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u5f15\u767c\u5291\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u4e0b\u5217\u516d\u7a2e\uff1a\u904e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5747\u88c2\u3001\u5076\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u5747\u88c2\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u5149\u89e3\u3001\u71b1\u5206\u89e3\u3001\u96fb\u5316\u5b78\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u53cd\u61c9\u5c31\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u5177\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u518d\u7531\u5f15\u767c\u5291\u5206\u5b50\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u55ae\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u5132\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\u9023\u7e8c\u52a0\u6210\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u30023<\/sup>\u81f3\u65bc\u96e2\u5b50\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u7684\u5f15\u767c\u5291\uff0c\u5247\u5305\u542b\u5e03\u6d1b\u9178\u3001\u8def\u6613\u65af\u9178\u3001\u9e75\u7d20\u3001\u9393\u9e7d\u5149\u89e3\u3001\u96fb\u5316\u5b78\u3001\u96e2\u5b50\u5316\u8f3b\u5c04\u3001\u89aa\u6838\u8a66\u5291\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u8f49\u79fb\u7b49\u30024<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8d77\u59cb\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\u5916\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u53cd\u61c9\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u7d42\u6b62 (termination) \u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u7d42\u6b62\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u589e\u9577\u7121\u6cd5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u805a\u5408\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u7d50\u5408\u6216\u6b67\u5316 (disproportionation) \u5169\u7a2e\u30022<\/sup>\u7d50\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u6307\u6d3b\u6027\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e92\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\uff1b\u6b67\u5316\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u6c27\u5316\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6703\u5931\u53bb\u5177\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u7121\u6cd5\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9023\u63a5\u55ae\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7279\u7684\u526f\u53cd\u61c9\u2014\u93c8\u8f49\u79fb\u53cd\u61c9 (chain transfer reaction)\uff0c\u6307\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u805a\u5408\u7d42\u6b62\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u652f\u93c8\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u93c8\u8f49\u79fb\u53cd\u61c9\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u8f49\u79fb\u8a66\u5291\u3001\u55ae\u9ad4\u3001\u5f15\u767c\u5291\u3001\u6eb6\u5291\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u548c\u6c2b\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u8f49\u79fb\u6709\u95dc\u30022<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8209\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u7684\u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u8d77\u59cb\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a
    \n    \"71842_eq1\"<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. \u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a
    \n    \"71842_eq2\"<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u7d42\u6b62\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a
    \n    \"71842_eq3\"<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5be6\u9a57\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u53ca\u67d0\u4e9b\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u559c\u6b61\u7f6e\u65bc\u6c2e\u6c23\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u9664\u4e86\u53cd\u61c9\u4e0d\u6613\u8207\u6c2e\u6c23\u9032\u884c\u3001\u6c2e\u6c23\u5360\u7a7a\u6c23\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6700\u9ad8\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8207\u5360\u7a7a\u6c23\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ad8\u7684\u6c27\u6c23\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\u70ba\u9806\u78c1\u6027\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u672a\u6210\u5c0d\u96fb\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u7b97\u662f\u96d9\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\uff0c\u6613\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u6545\u6703\u548c\u6b63\u5728\u589e\u9577\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\u7684\u93c8\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u6216\u5177\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u7684\u55ae\u9ad4\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u805a\u5408\u7d42\u6b62\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u6291\u5236\u5291 (Inhibitor)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u89c0\u5ff5\u91d0\u6e05<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u96d6\u7136\u52a0\u6210\u805a\u5408\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\u90fd\u662f\u93c8\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u90fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u91cd\u6c2e\u7532\u70f7 (diazomethane) \u7d93\u7531\u50ac\u5316\u805a\u5408\u800c\u6210\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u69cb\u5c31\u662f\u93c8\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u751f\u6210\u526f\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u5361\u7f85\u745f\u65af\u7684\u5206\u6cd5\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6b64\u53cd\u61c9\u4e0d\u662f\u52a0\u6210\u805a\u5408\u800c\u662f\u7e2e\u5408\u805a\u5408\u30022<\/sup><\/p>\n

    \"71842_eq4\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Chain-growth polymerization \u2013 wikipedia. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chain-growth_polymerization<\/a>.<\/li>\n
    2. Stevens, M. P. (1999). Polymer Chemistry<\/em>. New York : Oxford University Press. pp. 17\u201318, 189\u2013229.<\/li>\n
    3. Radical polymerization \u2013 wikipedia. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radical_polymerization<\/a>.<\/li>\n
    4. Odian, G. (2004). Principles of Polymerization<\/em> (4th ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 372\u2013451.<\/li>\n
    5. Paul J. Flory \u2013 Nobelprize.org http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/chemistry\/laureates\/1974\/flory-bio.html<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u93c8\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u61c9 (Chain Polymerization) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u9ec3\u4ef2\u6977 \u7c21\u4ecb 1929 \u5e74\uff0c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,4798,4800],"tags":[10139,10137,8958,10138,4697,4773],"class_list":["post-71842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry07","category-chemistry07-02","tag-initiator","tag-polymerization","tag-radical","tag-10138","tag-4697","tag-4773","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-4798","cat-4800","no-thumbnail"],"views":10489,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71842"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86321,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71842\/revisions\/86321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}