{"id":67407,"date":"2015-12-22T08:36:05","date_gmt":"2015-12-22T00:36:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=67407"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:08:07","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:08:07","slug":"%e5%8b%95%e7%89%a9%e8%83%9a%e8%83%8e%e7%99%bc%e8%82%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%8b%95%e7%89%a9%e8%83%9a%e8%83%8e%e7%99%bc%e8%82%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u52d5\u7269\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u52d5\u7269\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2 (Development)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb \u6731\u5f65\u5982\/\u674e\u7d18\u745c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u767c\u80b2\u751f\u7269\u5b78 (Developmental biology) \u63a2\u8a0e\u751f\u547d\u7531\u4e00\u9846\u53d7\u7cbe\u5375\u767c\u80b2\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u529f\u80fd\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u958b\u555f\u8207\u95dc\u9589\u4f86\u8abf\u63a7\u7684\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u57fa\u672c\u8b8a\u5316\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2 (cell proliferation)\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u79fb\u52d5 (cell movement)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u5316 (cell differentiation)\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u4ee3\u8868\u7d30\u80de\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u79fb\u52d5\u5c31\u548c\u5b57\u9762\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6307\u7d30\u80de\u9077\u79fb\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u7a7a\u9593\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u5916\u89c0\u4ee5\u53ca\u6392\u5217\u5747\u6703\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u5316\u5247\u6307\u578b\u614b\u4e0a\u8207\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5316\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4fbf\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0d\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u767c\u80b2\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"67407_p1\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00 (a) \u6d77\u81bd\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5375\u88c2 Holoblastic Cleavage\u3002(b) \u5169\u751f\u985e\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5375\u88c2 Holoblastic Cleavage\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u6731\u5f65\u5982\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2\u5927\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u4e0b\u9762\u5e7e\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u914d\u5b50\u5f62\u6210 (gamete formation)\u3001\u53d7\u7cbe (fertilization)\u3001\u5375\u88c2 (cleavage)\u3001\u539f\u8178\u5316 (gastrulation)\u3001\u5668\u5b98\u5f62\u6210 (organogenesis)\u3001\u6210\u9577\u7279\u5316 (growth & tissue specialization)\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u500b\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u914d\u5b50\u6703\u7531\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u5b50 (sperm) \u9032\u5165\u5375\u5b50 (egg) \u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u5375\u5b50\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u9053\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7cbe\u5b50\u7121\u6cd5\u518d\u9032\u5165\u5375\u5b50\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u67d0\u4e9b\u7269\u7a2e\u96d6\u7136\u6703\u8b93\u5176\u4ed6\u7cbe\u5b50\u9032\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f9d\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u5b50\u80fd\u5920\u8207\u5375\u5b50\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u53d7\u7cbe\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u7cbe\u5b50\u548c\u5375\u5b50\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u6703\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u96d9\u5957\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u7684\u53d7\u7cbe\u5375\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53d7\u7cbe\u4f5c\u7528\u6210\u529f\u5f8c\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u53d7\u7cbe\u5375 (zygote) \u4fbf\u6703\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7a31\u70ba\u5375\u88c2\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u6a5f\u5927\u81f4\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u6642\u53d7\u7cbe\u5375\u6703\u5148\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u5169\u500b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u9010\u6b21\u500d\u589e\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7531 16 \u5230 64 \u500b\u7d30\u80de\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u6851\u6939\u80da (morula)\uff0c\u5982<\/span>\u5716\u56db<\/b>\u6d77\u81bd\u7684\u6851\u845a\u80da\u4f5c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684 mesomeres \u5c07\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u5916\u80da\u5c64\uff0cmacromeres \u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u80da\u5c64\uff0cmicromeres \u6703\u5f62\u6210\u5167\u80da\u5c64\uff0c\u800c\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u7684\u5375\u88c2\u6709\u6642\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u5206\u88c2\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6709\u5947\u6578\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u800c\u52d5\u7269\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2\u5f62\u5f0f\u56e0\u7269\u7a2e\u800c\u7570\uff0c\u5f9e\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5375\u88c2\u5373\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5375\u9ec3\u91cf\u4e4b\u591a\u5be1\u53ca\u5206\u4f48\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5375\u88c2\u65b9\u5f0f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u6703\u6291\u5236\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u88c2\uff09\uff0c\u5375\u88c2\u65b9\u5f0f\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u5375\u9ec3\u91cf\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5375\u88c2 (holoblastic cleavage) \u548c\u5375\u9ec3\u91cf\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5375\u88c2 (meroblastic cleavage)\u3002<\/span>\u8868\u4e00<\/b>\u70ba\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5375\u88c2\u65b9\u5f0f\u5373\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u800c<\/span>\u5716\u4e00<\/b>\u5230<\/span>\u5716\u4e09<\/b>\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u7269\u5375\u88c2\u7684\u793a\u610f\u5716\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"67407_c1\"<\/a>

\u8868\u4e00 \u5375\u88c2\u7a2e\u985e\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u674e\u7d18\u745c\u7de8\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\"67407_p2\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e8c \u9ce5\u985e\u3001\u722c\u87f2\u985e\u3001\u9b5a\u7684\u76e4\u88c2 Discoidal Cleavage\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u6731\u5f65\u5982\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\"67407_p3\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e09 \u6606\u87f2\u3001\u5927\u591a\u7bc0\u80a2\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u8868\u88c2 Superficial Cleavage\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u6731\u5f65\u5982\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u96a8\u8457\u5375\u88c2\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u5718\u4e2d\u592e\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u500b\u56ca\u80da\u8154 (blastocoel) \u800c\u5f62\u6210\u56ca\u80da (blastula)\uff0c\u5982<\/span>\u5716\u4e94<\/b>\uff0c\u6b64\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u901f\u5ea6\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u539f\u8178\u671f\u6b64\u6642\u671f\u4e4b\u80da\u9ad4\u7a31\u70ba\u539f\u8178\u80da (gastrula)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u539f\u8178\u80da\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u70ba\u539f\u8178\u8154 (archenteron) \u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u8207\u4e09\u7a2e\u80da\u5c64 (germ layers) \u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5916\u80da\u5c64 (ectoderm)\u3001\u4e2d\u80da\u5c64 (mesoderm) \u53ca\u5167\u80da\u5c64 (endoderm)\uff0c\u5404\u80da\u5c64\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e5f\u56e0\u7269\u7a2e\u800c\u7570\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u6703\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5f62\u6210\u5404\u80da\u5c64\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u800c\u6700\u5f8c\u518d\u9032\u884c\u5668\u5b98\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u7531\u9019\u4e09\u7a2e\u80da\u5c64\u7d30\u80de\u5404\u81ea\u5206\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u5404\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u8207\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5167\u80da\u5c64\u5206\u5316\u51fa\u6d88\u5316\u9053\u58c1\u3001\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u751f\u6b96\u7cfb\u7d71\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e2d\u80da\u5c64\u5206\u5316\u51fa\u5faa\u74b0\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u5247\u7531\u5916\u80da\u5c64\u5206\u5316\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u55ae\u4e00\u80da\u5c64\u5206\u5316\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u80da\u5c64\u4e92\u76f8\u5206\u5de5\u800c\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5668\u5b98\u5206\u5316\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u7684\u53d7\u7cbe\u5375\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u9577\u70ba\u4e00\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u80da\u80ce\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u80da\u80ce\u6703\u9032\u884c\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u6210\u9577\u3001\u7279\u5316\uff0c\u767c\u80b2\u6210\u6211\u5011\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6210\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"67407_p4\"<\/a>

\u5716\u56db \u6d77\u81bd\u7684\u6851\u6939\u80da Morula\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u6731\u5f65\u5982\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\"67407_p5\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e94 \u56ca\u80daBlastula\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u6731\u5f65\u5982\u7e6a\u88fd\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Wolpert, L. & Tickle, C. (2010). <\/span>Principles of Development<\/span><\/i>, 4th edition. Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u52d5\u7269\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2 (Development) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb \u6731\u5f65\u5982\/\u674e\u7d18\u745c \u767c\u80b2\u751f\u7269\u5b78 (Develop…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4824,110,4811],"tags":[9630,9629],"class_list":["post-67407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne002-03","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne002","tag-development","tag-9629","loop-entry","cat-4824","cat-110","cat-4811","no-thumbnail"],"views":13728,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67407"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86163,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67407\/revisions\/86163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}