{"id":63149,"date":"2015-05-14T02:18:42","date_gmt":"2015-05-13T18:18:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=63149"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:11:07","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:11:07","slug":"%e5%8d%a1%e7%88%be-%e8%b2%bb%e9%9b%aa%e6%bb%b4%e5%ae%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%8d%a1%e7%88%be-%e8%b2%bb%e9%9b%aa%e6%bb%b4%e5%ae%9a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u6ef4\u5b9a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u6ef4\u5b9a (Karl Fischer Titration)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u6797\u6b23\u6167\u535a\u58eb\u4e09\u5e74\u7d1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u6ef4\u5b9a (Karl Fischer Titration) \u662f\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7269\u8cea\u6240\u542b\u5fae\u91cf\u6c34\u5206\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5361\u723e\u2219\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u58eb\u65bc 1935 \u5e74\u767c\u8868\u65bc Angewandte Chemie <\/i>\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7898\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u8207\u6c34\u9032\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u5075\u6e2c\u6c34\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u3002\u6b64\u6ef4\u5b9a\u6cd5\u53ef\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u591a\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u56fa\u9ad4\u3001\u6709\u6a5f\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u6aa2\u6e2c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u754c\u4e2d\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5fae\u91cf\u6c34\u5206\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u5229\u7528\u6b64\u6cd5\u3002\u53cd\u61c9\u9700\u5728\u975e\u6975\u6027\u7684\u6eb6\u5291\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6216\u9e7c\u6027\u6eb6\u5291\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u53cd\u61c9\u5f0f\u70ba\u5f0f\u4e00\u30021,2<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0I2<\/sub> + SO2<\/sub> + 2H2<\/sub>O \u2192 2HI +H2<\/sub>SO4<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u5f0f\u4e00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u800c\u7898\u5c0d\u6c34\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u8a08\u91cf\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u6eb6\u5291\u4e2d\u7684\u9178\u9e7c\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6703\u7531 1:2 \u8b8a\u6210 1:1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5361\u723e\u2219\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u58eb\u70ba\u4e86\u7a69\u5b9a\u5176\u5291\u91cf\u6bd4\u53ca\u4fc3\u4f7f\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u61c9\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5421\u5576 (pyridine) \u505a\u70ba\u7de9\u885d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u7121\u6c34\u7532\u9187\u4f5c\u70ba\u53cd\u61c9\u6eb6\u5291\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5421\u5576\u53ef\u8207\u7898\u53ca\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u5f62\u6210\u9e7d\u985e\u518d\u8207\u6c34\u9032\u884c\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5421\u5576\u2219\u7898\u932f\u5408\u7269 (Pyridium iodide, C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N\u2219HI)\u3001\u4e9e\u786b\u9178\u5421\u5576\u9e7d (Pyridium sulfite, C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N+\u2219SO–<\/sup>3<\/sub>)\uff08\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N\u2219I2<\/sub> +C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N\u2219SO2<\/sub> +C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N\u00a0+H2<\/sub>O\u00a0\u2192 2C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N\u2219HI+C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N+\u2219SO–<\/sup>3<\/sub> \u00a0 \uff08\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u800c\u5f0f\u4e8c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e9e\u786b\u9178\u5421\u5576\u9e7d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u8207\u4f5c\u70ba\u6eb6\u5291\u7684\u7532\u9187\u53ca\u6ef4\u5b9a\u76ee\u6a19-\u6c34\u767c\u751f\u53cd\u61c9\uff08\u5f0f\u4e09\u3001\u5f0f\u56db\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N+\u2219SO–<\/sup>3<\/sub> + CH3<\/sub>OH \u2192C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N(H)SO4<\/sub>CH3<\/sub> \u00a0 \uff08\u5f0f\u4e09\uff09<\/strong>
\n C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>N+\u2219SO–<\/sup>3<\/sub> +H2<\/sub>O\u00a0\u2192C5<\/sub>H5<\/sub>NH+SO4<\/sub>H–<\/sup> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\uff08\u5f0f\u56db\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u4e9e\u786b\u9178\u5421\u5576\u9e7d\u6703\u8207\u5421\u5576\u2219\u7898\u932f\u5408\u7269\u7522\u751f\u7af6\u722d\u6548\u679c\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u6ef4\u5b9a\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u5e78\u597d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6eb6\u5291\u7532\u9187\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u4e9e\u786b\u9178\u5421\u5576\u9e7d\u7522\u751f\u53cd\u61c9\uff1b\u5728\u53cd\u61c9\u4e2d\uff0c\u6eb6\u5291\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6578\u91cf\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u6c34\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6578\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e9e\u786b\u9178\u5421\u5576\u9e7d\u751f\u6210\u6642\uff0c\u7532\u9187\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5176\u6d88\u8017\u6389\u7dad\u6301\u6ef4\u5b9a\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u5316\u5b78\u8a08\u91cf (stoichiometry) \u4fbf\u53ef\u7dad\u6301\u5728\u7898\u8207\u6c34\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u70ba 1:1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6ef4\u5b9a\u5075\u6e2c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u5bb9\u91cf\u6cd5 (Volumetric titration) \u53ca\u5eab\u502b\u6cd5 (Coulometric titration)\u3002\u5728\u5bb9\u91cf\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a66\u5291\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u984f\u8272\u8b8a\u5316\u6703\u7531\u900f\u660e\u8b8a\u70ba\u5496\u5561\u8272\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u6ef4\u5b9a\u7d42\u9ede\u3002\u5eab\u502b\u6cd5\u5247\u662f\u4f9d\u96fb\u91cf\u6539\u8b8a\u6e2c\u91cf\u6ef4\u5b9a\u7d42\u9ede\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7898 (I2<\/sub>)\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7898\u5316\u9240 (KI) \u4f5c\u70ba\u7898\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5473\u9053\u4e0d\u4f73\u53ca\u6bd2\u6027\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u8a66\u5291\u662f\u7d93\u904e\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u54aa\u5511 (imidazole) \u53d6\u4ee3\u5421\u5576\u4f5c\u70ba\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u7de9\u885d\u8a66\u5291\u30023<\/sup><\/strong>\u800c\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u6eb6\u5291\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7532\u9187\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u91dd\u5c0d\u5f85\u6e2c\u7269\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6eb6\u5291\uff0c\u5982\u6c2f\u4eff\u3001\u7532\u919b\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u6ef4\u5b9a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u9084\u6709\u82e5\u5f85\u6e2c\u7269\u70ba\u916e\u985e\u6216\u7fa7\u9178\u985e\u6a23\u54c1\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u8207\u6eb6\u5291\u7532\u9187\u767c\u751f\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u6c34\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u6c34\u542b\u91cf\uff08\u5f0f\u4e94\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0R2<\/sub>C\u2550O + 2CH3<\/sub><\/span>OH \u2192 R2<\/sub>(OCH3<\/sub>)2<\/sub> +H2<\/sub>O \u00a0\u00a0\uff08\u5f0f\u4e94\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u82e5\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5075\u6e2c\u6b64\u985e\u6a23\u54c1\u6642\uff0c\u6eb6\u5291\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u63db\u6210\u53cd\u61c9\u6027\u8f03\u5dee\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9187\u985e\u6eb6\u5291\u3002\u5728\u5546\u696d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5100\u5668\u7684\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u6703\u91dd\u5c0d\u5075\u6e2c\u6a23\u54c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u9069\u5408\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u8a66\u5291\u7684\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u6703\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6a23\u54c1\u958b\u767c\u9069\u5408\u7684\u6eb6\u5291\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u8981\u614e\u9078\u6eb6\u5291\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u8aa4\u5dee\u5f71\u97ff\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u6578\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"pic\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u5361\u6c0f\u6c34\u4efd\u5100 \uff08\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u65994\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Fischer, Karl (1935). Neues Verfahren zur ma\u00dfanalytischen Bestimmung des Wassergehaltes von Fl\u00fcssigkeiten und festen K\u00f6rpern. Angewandte Chemie.<\/i> 48 (26<\/i>): 394\u2013396. doi:10.1002\/ange.19350482605.<\/li>\n
  2. Skoog, D. A., West, D. M. & Holler, F. J.; Crouch, S. R. (2003) Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry<\/i>, 580-582. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.<\/li>\n
  3. Scholz, E. (1984) Karl Fischer Titration<\/i>. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. New York, NY.<\/li>\n
  4. \u5361\u6c0f\u6c34\u4efd\u5100 — METTLER TOLEDO\u3002http:\/\/taw.mt.com\/tw\/zt\/home\/products\/Laboratory_Analytics_Browse\/Product_Family_Browse_titrators_main\/Product_Family_KF_Titrators_main.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u5361\u723e-\u8cbb\u96ea\u6ef4\u5b9a (Karl Fischer Titration) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u6797\u6b23\u6167\u535a\u58eb\u4e09\u5e74\u7d1a \u5361…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8600,6214,108],"tags":[8596,8592,8594,8595,8593,3451],"class_list":["post-63149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-8600","category-6214","category-chemistry00","tag-karl-fischer-titration","tag-titration","tag-water-content","tag-8595","tag-8593","tag-3451","loop-entry","cat-8600","cat-6214","cat-108","no-thumbnail"],"views":31245,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63149"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86545,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63149\/revisions\/86545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}