{"id":4976,"date":"2008-02-09T07:14:52","date_gmt":"2008-02-08T23:14:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=4976"},"modified":"2021-10-06T15:58:22","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T07:58:22","slug":"%e6%b0%a7oxygen%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0%e7%9a%84%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e6%b0%a7oxygen%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0%e7%9a%84%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u767c\u73fe"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u767c\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229 (Joseph Priestley, 1733~1804) \u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u65b0\u6559\u6559\u58eb\u30021774 \u5e74\u516b\u6708\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229\u9032\u884c\u6392\u6c34\u96c6\u6c23\u6cd5\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u4e09\u4ed9\u4e39\uff08\u6c27\u5316\u6c5e\uff0cHgO\uff09\u52a0\u71b1\u5206\u89e3\u5f8c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u7269\u8cea\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u6c23\u9ad4\u4e2d\u71c3\u71d2\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u706b\u7130\uff0c\u6bd4\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u71c3 \u71d2\u6642\u66f4\u70ba\u65fa\u76db\uff0c\u5c0f\u9f20\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u6c23\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u6bd4\u5728\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u66f4\u9577\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229\u76f8\u4fe1\u71c3\u7d20\u8ad6 (phlogiston theory)\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u6c23\u9ad4\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u542b\u6709\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u300c\u71c3\u7d20\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7269\u8cea\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u71c3\u71d2\u6642\u624d\u80fd\u91cb\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u71c3\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u71c3\u71d2\u66f4\u5287\u70c8\u3002\u4ed6\u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u6c23\u9ad4\u53d6\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u53bb\u71c3\u7d20\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u300d (dephlogisted air)\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229\u5176\u5f8c\u56e0\u4fe1\u4ef0\u554f\u984c\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u906d\u66b4\u6c11\u8ffd\u6bba\uff0c\u800c\u9003\u4ea1\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7f8e\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5b78\u6703\u9812\u767c\u7684\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u69ae\u8b7d\u5c31\u662f\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229\u734e\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5be6\u65e9\u57281773 \u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5e2d\u52d2 (Carl Wilhelm Scheele, 1742~1786 ) \u66fe\u5229\u7528\u785d\u9178\u9240\u3001\u785d\u9178\u9382\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u9280\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u6c5e\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u6c5e\u7b49\u9e7d\u985e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6fc3\u786b\u9178\u8207\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u9333\u7684\u5171\u71b1\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u71b1\u5206\u89e3\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u6c27\u6c23\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u6c27\u6c23\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u7814 \u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8a18\u8f09\u65bc\u300a\u8ad6\u7a7a\u6c23\u548c\u706b\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u7684\u5ef6\u8aa4\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u57281777\u5e74\u624d\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e2d\u52d2\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6c27\u6c23\u767c\u73fe\u8005\u7684\u7f8e\u8b7d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e2d\u52d2\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6975\u70ba\u7d30\u5fc3\u512a\u79c0 \u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u5206\u96e2\u7684\u5148\u9a45\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u6a02\u65bc\u8207\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u7814\u7a76\u5fc3\u5f97\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8a31\u591a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u767c\u73fe\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5e2d\u52d2\uff0c\u4ed6\u537b\u6709\u5be6\u8cea\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5927\u6c23\u5ea6\u3001\u6a02\u65bc\u5206\u4eab\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u5049\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u56ae\u5f80\u7684\u6c23\u8cea\u3002 \u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u5229\u57281774\u5e74\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6c27\u6c23\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u96a8\u5373\u5c31\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u8ad6\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e2d\u52d2\u548c\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u5229\u662f\u5e7e\u4e4e\u540c\u6642\u5404\u81ea\u7368\u7acb\u767c\u73fe\u6c27\u6c23\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u6c27\u6c23\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u8b7d\u70ba\u300e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u4e4b\u7236\u300f\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0 (Antoine Lavoisier, 1743~1794)\u30021774\u5e74\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u5229\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u6f14\u8b1b\u5176\u5c0d\u6c27\u6c23\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0\u4e00\u807d\u5230\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u5229\u7684\u6f14\u8aaa\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u71c3\u71d2\u53cd\u61c9\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0\u4ee5 \u66f4\u597d\u7684\u88dd\u5099\u4ed4\u7d30\u5730\u91cd\u8907\u4e86\u666e\u91cc\u65af\u5229\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u7528\u51f8\u900f\u93e1\u7126\u805a\u967d\u5149\u5206\u89e3\u6c27\u5316\u6c5e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7d14\u7684\u6c34\u9280\u548c\u6c27\u6c23\uff1b\u4e5f\u80fd\u5c07\u6c34\u9280\u548c\u6c27\u6c23\u91cd\u65b0\u53cd\u61c9\u7522\u751f\u7d05\u8272\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6c5e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u7269\u8cea\u71c3\u71d2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u78b3\u3001\u786b\u3001\u78f7\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u71c3\u71d2\u5f8c\uff0c\u7522\u7269\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u6703\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u6c27\u6c23\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u71c3\u71d2\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u975e\u91d1\u5c6c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u71c3\u71d2\u7522\u7269\u6eb6\u65bc\u6c34\u5f8c\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2 \u5448\u73fe\u9178\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8b39\u614e\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u6e2c\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u5b88\u6046\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u71c3\u71d2\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u8cea\u8207\u6c27\u6c23\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u6350\u68c4\u4e86\u6b77\u6642\u903e\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u71c3\u7d20\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e3b\u5f35 \u5143\u7d20\u662f\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u7121\u6cd5\u518d\u5206\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d14\u7269\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u5206\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d14\u7269\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0\u4e00\u8209\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u7149\u91d1\u8853\u7684\u5343\u5e74\u61f8\u6848\uff0c\u5f15\u9818\u8457\u8fd1 \u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u812b\u96e2\u7149\u91d1\u8853\u7684\u6ce5\u6dd6\uff0c\u6b65\u4e0a\u5766\u9014\u3002 \u62c9\u74e6\u7bc0\u5148\u5c07\u6c27\u6c23\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9069\u5408\u547c\u5438\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u300d (eminently respirable air)\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5247\u7a31\u70baoxygen\uff0c\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u9178\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8005\uff1b\u65e5\u6587\u4ecd\u6cbf\u7528\u9178\u7d20\u4e00\u8a5e\u7a31\u547c\u6c27\u6c23\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6c27\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u767c\u73fe \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f \u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u666e\u91cc\u58eb\u5229 (Joseph Priestley, &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,108,48],"tags":[1031,1018,677,1030,1027],"class_list":["post-4976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry01-01","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry01","tag-oxygen","tag-1018","tag-677","tag-1030","tag-1027","loop-entry","cat-49","cat-108","cat-48","no-thumbnail"],"views":5594,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4976"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85456,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4976\/revisions\/85456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}