{"id":48212,"date":"2013-10-01T16:29:46","date_gmt":"2013-10-01T08:29:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=48212"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:20:34","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:20:34","slug":"%e6%b0%af%e9%b9%bc%e5%b7%a5%e6%a5%adchlor-alkali-industry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e6%b0%af%e9%b9%bc%e5%b7%a5%e6%a5%adchlor-alkali-industry\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696d(Chlor-alkali industry)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696d(Chlor-alkali industry)<\/strong><\/span>
\n \u570b\u7acb<\/strong>\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5927\u5b78\u90e8\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u9673\u6631\u52dd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696d(Chlor-alkali industry)\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\u5c31\u662f\u88fd\u5099\u9e7c\u8207\u6c2f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u81ea\u5f9e\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u9178\u8207\u9e7c\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u9014\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5316\u5b78\u5de5\u696d\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9178\u8207\u9e7c\u66f4\u662f\u5316\u5b78\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u5927\u5b97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5e38\u6eab\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c2f\u6c23\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ec3\uf93d\u8272\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u6c23\u5473\u3001\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u6eb6\u65bc\u6c34\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u9e7d\u9178\u8207\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u9032\u800c\u88fd\u5099\u904e\u6c2f\u9178\u3001\u6c2f\u9178\u3001\u4e9e\u6c2f\u9178\uff0c\u7686\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u539f\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u6c23\u5f97\u767c\u73fe\u65e9\u57281774\u5e74\u7531\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5361\u723e\u2022\u5a01\u5ec9\u2022\u5e2d\u52d2(Carl Wilhelm Scheele)\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88e1\u5229\u7528\u9e7d\u9178\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u9333\u7522\u751f\u9ec3\u8272\u6c23\u9ad4-\u6c2f\u6c23\u3002<\/p>\n

HCl + MnO2<\/sub> \u2192 MnCl2<\/sub> + 2 H2<\/sub>O + Cl2<\/sub><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c2f\u6c23\u5e38\u7528\u96fb\u89e3\u98df\u9e7d\u6c34\u4f86\u751f\u7522\u88fd\u5099\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u540c\u6642\u7522\u751f\u6c2b\u6c23\u8207\u6c2b\u6c27\u5316\u9209\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u88fd\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

2 NaCl + 2 H2<\/sub>O \u2192 Cl2<\/sub> + H2<\/sub> + 2 NaOH<\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aJohn<\/a>

\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aJohn McMurry, Robert C. Fay, Chemistry, 4th Edition ,Chapter18<\/p><\/div>\n

\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u967d\u6975\u767c\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 Cl–<\/sup> \u2192 Cl2<\/sub> + 2 e–<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u9670\u6975\u767c\u751f\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 H2<\/sub>O + 2 e–<\/sup> \u2192 H2<\/sub> + OH–<\/sup>
\n\u5168\u53cd\u61c9\u70ba\uff1a2 NaCl + 2 H2<\/sub>O \u2192 Cl2<\/sub> + H2<\/sub> + 2 NaOH<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5728\u5169\u96fb\u6975\u4e2d\u9593\u9694\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u900f\u819c\uff0c\u53ef\u8b93\u967d\u96e2\u5b50\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u96fb\u4e2d\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9694\u96e2\u6c2f\u6c23\u8207\u6c2b\u6c23\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5169\u6c23\u9ad4\u6df7\u548c\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a\u98fd\u548c\u98df\u9e7d\u6c34\u8207\u6c34\u7684\u4e0d\u65b7\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u7522\u751f\u6c2b\u6c23\u3001\u6c2f\u6c23\u3001\u8207\u6c2b\u6c27\u5316\u9209\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u5c07\u6548\u7387\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u6dcb\u6f13\u76e1\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u98df\u9e7d\u88fd\u5099\u6c2b\u6c27\u5316\u7d0d\u3001\u6c2f\u6c23\u3001\u6c2b\u6c23\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9e7c\u6c2f\u5de5\u696d\u70ba\u88fd\u5099\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u3002\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u4e0a\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f31\u9e7c\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u6d17\u8863\u7c89\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u92c1\u88fd\u5099\u3001\u6c34\u7684\u6de8\u5316\u8edf\u5316\u53ca\u6d17\u6ecc\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5de5\u696d\u4e0a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u8def\u5e03\u862d\u6cd5(Leblanc process)\u8207\u7d22\u723e\u7dad\u6cd5(Solvay process)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8def\u5e03\u862d\u6cd5(Leblanc process)\uff1a
\n<\/strong>
\n1791\u5e74\u6cd5\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af\u2022\u52d2\u5e03\u6717(Nicolas Leblanc)\u6210\u529f\u5be6\u73fe\u50c5\u4f7f\u7528\u5169\u6b65\u9a5f\u5373\u53ef\u5f9e\u98df\u9e7d\u5408\u6210\u7d14\u7684\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6b65\u9a5f\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u5ee3\u53d7\u696d\u754c\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u98df\u9e7d\u3001\u786b\u9178\u3001\u7164\u7c89\u3001\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u70ba\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u5c07\u98df\u9e7d\u8207\u6fc3\u786b\u9178\u5728800~900\u2103\u4e0b\u6df7\u548c\uff0c\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u6c2f\u5316\u6c2b\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5f97\u5230\u786b\u9178\u9209\uff0c\u518d\u5c07\u786b\u9178\u9209\u8207\u7164\u7c89\u548c\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u5145\u5206\u6df7\u548c\u935b\u71d2\u800c\u5f97\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u3002\u526f\u7522\u7269\u6c2f\u5316\u6c2b\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u539f\u6599\u3001\u786b\u5316\u9223\u5247\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u8f49\u88fd\u6210\u786b\u9178\u6216\u786b\u9178\u92a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u5f0f\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 NaCl + H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> \u2192 Na2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> + 2 HCl
\nNa2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> + CaCO3<\/sub> + C \u2192 Na2<\/sub>CO3<\/sub> + CaS +CO2<\/sub><\/p>\n

\"-42\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7d22\u723e\u7dad\u6cd5(Solvay process)\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1861\u5e74\u6bd4\u5229\u6642\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u6b50\u5167\u65af\u7279\u2022\u7d22\u723e\u7dad(Ernest Solvay)\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u53e6\u4e4b\u7a2e\u88fd\u5099\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5176\u6b65\u9a5f\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u539f\u6599\u5c11\u3001\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5230\u73fe\u4eca\u70ba\u6b62\u5de5\u696d\u4e0a\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u98df\u9e7d\u3001\u6c28\u6c34\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u9223\u70ba\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u9223\u5728\u9ad8\u6eab\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u8207\u6c27\u5316\u9223\uff0c\u98df\u9e7d\u8207\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u548c\u6c28\u6c34\u53cd\u61c9\u751f\u6210\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u8207\u6c2f\u5316\u92a8\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u518d\u52a0\u71b1\u751f\u6210\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u3001\u6c34\u3001\u53ca\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u92a8\u53ef\u8207\u6c27\u5316\u9223\u53cd\u61c9\u751f\u6210\u6c28\u6c34\u53ca\u6c2f\u5316\u9223\u3002\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u50c5\u9700\u6301\u7e8c\u63d0\u4f9b\u78b3\u9178\u9223\u8207\u98df\u9e7d\uff0c\u6c28\u6c34\u8207\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u53ef\u5faa\u74b0\u518d\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u7522\u78b3\u9178\u9209\u8207\u526f\u7522\u7269\u6c2f\u5316\u9223\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u5f0f\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n

CaCO3<\/sub> \u2192 CO2<\/sub> + CaO
\nNaCl + CO2<\/sub> + NH3<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>O \u2192 NaHCO3<\/sub> + NH4<\/sub>Cl
\n2 NH4<\/sub>Cl + CaO \u2192 2 NH3<\/sub> + CaCl2<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>O
\n2 NaHCO3<\/sub> \u2192 Na2<\/sub>CO3<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>O + CO2<\/sub><\/p>\n

\"\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/scifun.chem.wisc.edu\/chemweek\/Bicarb\/SodiumBicarb.html\"<\/a>

\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/scifun.chem.wisc.edu\/chemweek\/Bicarb\/SodiumBicarb.html<\/p><\/div>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a
\n<\/strong>1. \u8def\u5e03\u862d\u6cd5http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leblanc_process<\/a>
\n2.\u96fb\u89e3\u98df\u9e7d\u6c34http:\/\/blog.udn.com\/Gabriel33\/6013067<\/a>
\n3.\u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696dhttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chloralkali_process<\/a>
\n4.\u78b3\u9178\u9209http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-tw\/%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E9%92%A0<\/a>
\n5.\u7d22\u723e\u7dad\u6cd5http:\/\/scifun.chem.wisc.edu\/chemweek\/Bicarb\/SodiumBicarb.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696d(Chlor-alkali industry) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5927\u5b78\u90e8\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u9673\u6631\u52dd \u6c2f\u9e7c\u5de5\u696d(C…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,68,67],"tags":[5784,5786,5785],"class_list":["post-48212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry05-01","category-chemistry05","tag-5784","tag-5786","tag-5785","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-68","cat-67","no-thumbnail"],"views":19422,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48212"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87491,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48212\/revisions\/87491"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}