{"id":4489,"date":"2009-07-31T14:46:50","date_gmt":"2009-07-31T06:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=4489"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:48:22","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:48:22","slug":"%e4%be%9d%e6%95%b8%e6%80%a7%e8%b3%aa%ef%bc%88colligative-properties%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e4%be%9d%e6%95%b8%e6%80%a7%e8%b3%aa%ef%bc%88colligative-properties%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative Properties\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative Properties\uff09<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> \u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a\u58eb\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9ec3\u4fca\u8aa0\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u8cfd\u5206\u5718\u9ad4\u6230\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u8cfd\uff0c\u51fa\u9580\u65c5\u904a\u6709\u5718\u9ad4\u50f9\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u7968\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u754c\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u7d44\u5718\u548c\u6578\u4eba\u982d\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u662f\u7531\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6240\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u84b8\u6c23\u58d3\u4e0b\u964d\uff08Vapor pressure depression\uff09\u3001\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\uff08Freezing-point depression\uff09\u3001\u6cb8\u9ede\u4e0a\u5347\uff08Boiling-point elevation\uff09\u548c\u6ef2\u900f\u58d3\uff08Osmotic pressure\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u6eb6\u8cea\u70ba\u96fb\u89e3\u8cea\u6642\u6703\u5728\u6975\u6027\u6eb6\u5291\u4e2d\u89e3\u96e2\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6eb6\u8cea\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u6578\uff0c\u4f7f\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6fc3\u5ea6\u9ad8\u65bc\u7406\u8ad6\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u8b8a\u5316\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u986f\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u56e0\u70ba\u548c\u7c92\u5b50\u6578\u76ee\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative properties\uff09\u300d\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6eb6\u6db2\u9019\u56db\u7a2e\u6027\u8cea\u5177\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u5728\u8003\u616e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u6642\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u51e1\u7279\u8377\u592b\u56e0\u6578<em>i<\/em> \uff08van\u2019t Hoff factor\uff09\u3002\u8003\u616e\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6027\u8cea\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d \u2206T<sub>f<\/sub> = <em>i <\/em>K<sub>f<\/sub> Cm<br \/>\n\uff08\u2206T<sub>f<\/sub>\uff1a\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\u91cf\uff0cCm\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u83ab\u8033\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0cK<sub>f<\/sub> \uff1a\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\u5e38\u6578\uff09<br \/>\n\u6cb8\u9ede\u4e0a\u5347\uf020\uf020\u2206T<sub>b<\/sub> = <em>i<\/em> K<sub>b<\/sub> Cm<br \/>\n\uff08\u2206Tb\uff1a\u6cb8\u9ede\u4e0a\u5347\u91cf\uff0cCm\uff1a\u91cd\u91cf\u83ab\u8033\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0cK<sub>b<\/sub> \uff1a\u6cb8\u9ede\u4e0a\u5347\u5e38\u6578\uff09<br \/>\n\u6ef2\u900f\u58d3 \u041f = <em>i<\/em> C<sub>M<\/sub>RT<br \/>\n\uff08\u041f\uff1a\u6ef2\u900f\u58d3\uff0cC<sub>M<\/sub>\uff1a\u9ad4\u7a4d\u83ab\u8033\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0cR\uff1a\u7406\u60f3\u6c23\u9ad4\u5e38\u6578\uff0cT\uff1a\u7d55\u5c0d\u6eab\u5ea6\uff09<\/p>\n<p><em>i<\/em>\u5be6\u9a57\u503c\u53d7\u9e7d\u985e\u7a2e\u985e\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u9245\uff0c<em>i<\/em>\u5be6\u9a57\u503c\u5c0f\u65bci\u7406\u8ad6\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u5f88\u7a00\u8584\u6642i\u7406\u8ad6\u503c\u63a5\u8fd1\u5be6\u969b\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e36\u4e00\u50f9\u96fb\u8377\u7684\u9e7d\u985e\u5982\u6c2f\u5316\u9209\u6216\u6c2f\u5316\u9240\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u6bd4\u5e36\u591a\u50f9\u96fb\u8377\u9e7d\u985e\u5982\u786b\u9178\u9382\uff0c<em>i<\/em>\u5be6\u9a57\u503c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5be6\u969b\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e8c\u50f9\u96e2\u5b50\u9593\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u5927\u65bc\u4e00\u50f9\u96e2\u5b50\u9593\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u3002\uff08\u8868\u4e00\uff09<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative-Properties\uff09-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4490\" title=\"\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative Properties\uff09-1\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative-Properties\uff09-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"394\" height=\"133\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u95dc\uff1a\u5982\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\u4f7f\u751f\u7269\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u5b58\u6d3b\uff1b\u5bd2\u5e36\u5730\u5340\u51ac\u5929\u8def\u9762\u7a4d\u96ea\u6642\u6703\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u7051\u9e7d\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8def\u9762\u51b0\u5c64\u7194\u5316\uff0c\u85c9\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u8eca\u8f1b\u6253\u6ed1\u9020\u6210\u4e8b\u6545\uff1b\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u5de5\u696d\u4e5f\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\u88fd\u9020\u8d85\u9ad8\u7d14\u5ea6\u7684\u77fd\u6676\uff08\u76f8\u95dc\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8acb\u898b\u300c\u6eb6\u6db2\u51dd\u56fa\u9ede\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u300d\uff09\u3002\u9084\u6709\u6ef2\u900f\u58d3\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u773e\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\u7684RO\u9006\u6ef2\u900f\u6c34\u8207\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u751f\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\u8207\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\u90fd\u96e2\u4e0d\u958b\u6ef2\u900f\u58d3\uff0c\u5982\u6a39\u6728\u8f38\u9001\u6c34\u5206\u81f3\u679d\u8449\u3001\u814e\u81df\u6392\u9664\u8eab\u9ad4\u6bd2\u7269\u7b49\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5929\u7136\u534a\u900f\u819c\uff08Semipermeable membrane\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b:<\/strong><br \/>\n1. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colligative_property\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colligative_property<\/a><br \/>\n2. \u9673\u7af9\u4ead\uff0c\u9078\u4fee\u5316\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u6cf0\u5b87\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u7b2c85\u9801\uff0c2008.<br \/>\n3. Martin S. Silberberg; \u201cChemistry: The molecular nature of matter and change\u201d, 4nd edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, pp. 521-522, 2006.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f9d\u6578\u6027\u8cea\uff08Colligative Properties\uff09 \u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a\u58eb\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9ec3\u4fca&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[66,108,62],"tags":[1442],"class_list":["post-4489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry04-04","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry04","tag-1442","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-66","cat-108","cat-62","no-thumbnail"],"views":47641,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90704,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4489\/revisions\/90704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}