{"id":42578,"date":"2013-08-06T16:24:52","date_gmt":"2013-08-06T08:24:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=42578"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:21:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:21:03","slug":"%e5%be%ae%e8%a1%9b%e6%98%9fdna%ef%bc%88microsatellite-dna%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%be%ae%e8%a1%9b%e6%98%9fdna%ef%bc%88microsatellite-dna%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5fae\u885b\u661fDNA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u5fae\u885b\u661fDNA\uff08Microsatellite DNA\uff09<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u52a9\u7406\u912d\u674f\u5029<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\uff08genome\uff09\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u8907\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08repetitive DNA\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u55ae\u4f4d\u70ba\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff08nucleotide\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6bcf\u4e00\u55ae\u4f4d\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u53ca\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u5f88\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u985e\u578b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u578b\uff1a\u5c40\u90e8\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08localized repeated sequences\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u751f\u7269\u9ad4DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4f54\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7c92\uff08centromeric DNA\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7570\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u5e8f\u5217\uff08heterochromatin DNA\uff09\u4e2d\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\uff1a\u5206\u6563\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08dispersed repeated sequences\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u985e\u578b\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6563\u5e03\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u7684\u5404\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u4f9d\u7167\u5176\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08simple tandem repetitive sequences\uff09\u548c\u6563\u4f48\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\uff08interspersed repeats\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u5716\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5c07\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u505a\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u985e\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/dna.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-42579\" title=\"dna\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/dna.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"667\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/dna.png 1587w, http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/dna-300x86.png 300w, http:\/\/localhost\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/dna-1024x295.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 667px) 100vw, 667px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u885b\u661fDNA\uff08microsatellite DNA\uff09\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u55ae\u5143\u70ba\u4e8c\u81f3\u516d\u500b\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff0c\u6b64\u55ae\u5143\u53ef\u91cd\u8907\u5341\u81f3\u767e\u6b21\u3002\u4ee5\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176CA\u96d9\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u91cd\u8907\u7247\u6bb5\uff08dinucleotide repeats\uff09\u6578\u91cf\u53ef\u9ad8\u9054\u4e94\u842c\u6b21\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u4e4b\u5e8f\u5217\u9577\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747\u7d04\u670930 kb\u3002\u5fae\u885b\u661fDNA\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u7a2e\u5167\u53ca\u7a2e\u9593\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u591a\u578b\u6027\uff08polymorphism\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u91cd\u8907\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u591a\u578b\u6027\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u5171\u986f\u6027\uff08co-dominant\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5fae\u661f\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u63a2\u8a0e\u89aa\u7de3\u95dc\u4fc2\u53ca\u65cf\u7fa4\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\u70ba\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6a19\u8a18\uff08molecular marker\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u885b\u661f\u5e8f\u5217\u56e0\u6709\u70ba\u91cd\u8907\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u8b8a\u7570\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u5927\u3002\u8b8a\u7570\u4e4b\u6a5f\u5236\u767c\u751f\u65bc\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\uff1aDNA\u8907\u88fd\u6642\u7684\u6ed1\u52d5\u914d\u5c0d\uff08slippage or slipped strand mispairing\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\uff1a\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\uff08meiosis\uff09\u6642\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u91cd\u7d44\uff08recombination\uff09\u3002\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u7a2e\u6a5f\u5236\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\uff08mutation rate\uff09\u9060\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u4e2d\u6027\u7a81\u8b8a\u901f\u7387\uff08neutral mutation rate\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u7a2e\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u54c1\u7cfb\u9593\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u5dee\u7570\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u89aa\u5b50\u9451\u5b9a\uff0c\u5fae\u885b\u661f\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u529b\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6a19\u8a18\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5fae\u885b\u661f\u5e8f\u5217\u505a\u5206\u5b50\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5e8f\u5217\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u5408\u9176\u93c8\u9396\u53cd\u61c9\uff08PCR\uff09\u5c07\u5e8f\u5217\u6578\u91cf\u653e\u5927\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6ed1\u52d5\u73fe\u8c61\u4f7f\u5f97\u6700\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u91cd\u8907\u6578\u76ee\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u672c\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u8907\u6578\u76ee\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u5f15\u5b50\uff08primer\uff09\u5c08\u4e00\u6027\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6700\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u7121\u6548\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\uff08null allele\uff09\u7684\u7522\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u80fd\u4f7f\u5fae\u885b\u661f\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4e14\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5be6\u9a57\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u70ba\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5f15\u5b50\u5c08\u4e00\u6027\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5be6\u9a57\u91cd\u8907\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u70ba\u4e00\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dan Graur &amp; Wen-Hsiung Li. 2000. Fundamentals of molecular evolution. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> edition. p392-394.<\/p>\n<p>Scott <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s\/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&amp;field-author=Jon%20C.%20Freeman%20Scott%20and%20Herron&amp;search-alias=books&amp;sort=relevancerank\">Freeman &amp; Jon C. Herron<\/a>. Evolutionary Analysis. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> edition. p756.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5fae\u885b\u661fDNA\uff08Microsatellite DNA\uff09 \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u52a9\u7406\u912d\u674f\u5029 \u751f\u7269\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\uff08&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4810,110,4817],"tags":[8296,4682,1280,4683],"class_list":["post-42578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifesciecne001","category-lifesciecne00","category-lifesciecne001-01","tag-microsatellite-dna","tag-dna","tag-1280","tag-4683","loop-entry","cat-4810","cat-110","cat-4817","no-thumbnail"],"views":28463,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42578"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87612,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42578\/revisions\/87612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}