{"id":41192,"date":"2011-12-27T00:32:59","date_gmt":"2011-12-26T16:32:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=41192"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:22:20","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:22:20","slug":"%e5%90%8c%e9%9b%a2%e5%ad%90%e6%95%88%e6%87%89common-ion-effect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%90%8c%e9%9b%a2%e5%ad%90%e6%95%88%e6%87%89common-ion-effect\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9 (Common-ion Effect)<\/span>
\n\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u58eb\u751f\u5f35\u80b2\u5510\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9(Common-ion Effect)\u6216\u7a31\u5171\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u7576\u5169\u500b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u96fb\u89e3\u8cea\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6eb6\u5165\u6c34\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u6eb6\u7684\u6eb6\u5291\u7576\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u6703\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u97ff\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u7576\u4e2d \u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u542b\u67d0\u4e00\u7a2e\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u9e7d\u985e\uff21\uff0c\uff22\u70ba\u542b\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u9e7d\u985e\uff0c\u82e5\u5c07\uff22\u52a0\u5165\u6eb6\u6db2\u6642\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u6709\u7684\u9e7d\u985e\uff21\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u6703\u53d7\u5230\uff22\u5f71\u97ff\u964d\u4f4e\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u6790\u51fa\u3002\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9\u5c0d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u5171\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9 Common Ion Effect 2-1\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u6703\u9020\u6210\u5171\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9178\u9e7c\u9e7d\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u884c\u70ba\u9075\u5b88\u53cd\u61c9\u5e73\u8861(equilibrium)\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u7576\u5e73\u8861\u4e2d\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u4fbf\u6703\u79fb\u52d5\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u96e2\u5b50\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6b64\u96e2\u5b50\u6fc3\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u89e3\u96e2\u53cd\u61c9\u5546\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6545\u53cd\u61c9\u5e73\u8861\u5f80\u9006\u53cd\u61c9\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52d5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u786b\u9178\u9223\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u5176\u5e73\u8861\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u6b64\u6642\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5e73\u8861\u5e38\u6578\uff0c\u5373\u6eb6\u5ea6\u7a4d(solubility product)\u5beb\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u8a2d\u786b\u9178\u9223\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6s\uff0c\u9223\u96e2\u5b50\u8207\u786b\u9178\u6839\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u548c\u6eb6\u5ea6\u7a4d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u52a0\u5165\u786b\u9178\u9209\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u786b\u9178\u6839\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u786b\u9178\u9209\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\uff1b\u800c\u7531\u65bc\u6eb6\u5ea6\u7a4d\u70ba\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u5f80\u5de6\u884c\uff0c\u9223\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c \u786b\u9178\u9223\u4fbf\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u6c89\u6fb1\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u786b\u9178\u6839\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u9019\u6c89\u6fb1\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u4f4e\u65bc\u5176\u521d\u59cb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3002\u7576\u53cd\u61c9\u5230\u9054\u65b0\u5e73\u8861\u5f8c\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u786b\u9178\u6839\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4e0d\u518d\u7b49\u65bc\u9223 \u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bd4\u9223\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9\u9577\u898b\u65bc\u7de9\u885d\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u3002\u7de9\u885d\u6eb6\u6db2\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u5f31\u9178\u8207\u5f31\u9178\u9e7d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5f31\u9e7c\u8207\u5f31\u9e7c\u9e7d\u7684\u5171\u8edb\u9178\u9e7c\u5c0d\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8abf\u6574\u9019\u5f31\u9178\u8207\u5f31\u9178\u9e7d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b(\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5f31\u9e7c\u8207\u5f31\u9e7c\u9e7d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b)\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u7de9\u885d\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u503c\uff0c\u5c07\u7de9\u885d\u6eb6\u6db2\u914d\u6210\u6240\u9700\u7684pH\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u500b\u918b\u9178\u7684\u89e3\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\uff1a<\/p>\n

HOAc(l<\/em>)\u21cc H+<\/sup> (aq<\/em>)+OAc– <\/sup>(aq<\/em>)<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u918b\u9178\u662f\u5f31\u9178\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u918b\u9178\u4e0d\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u96e2\u800c\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u52a0\u5165\u918b\u9178\u9209\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u918b\u9178\u9209\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u96e2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6703\u7522\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u918b\u9178\u6839\u96e2\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u500b \u5e73\u8861\u5f80\u5de6\u908a\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u6c2b\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u503c\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u9e7c\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u97d3\u5fb7\u68ee\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f(Henderson-Hasselbach Equation)\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u5171\u8edb\u9178\u9e7c\u5c0d\u6eb6\u6db2pH\u503c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002
\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong>
\n1. Zumdahl, S. S. Chemical Principles, 5th edition; Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston, 2003; pp. 277-279, 322-323.
\n2. Atkins, P. W.; Jones, L. Chemical Principles: the Quest for Insight, 4st edition; W. H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2008, p. 468.
\n3. \u5171\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9 Common Ion Effect 2-1 –\u52a0\u767e\u5217\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u683c\u00a0 \u00a0http:\/\/blog.udn.com\/Gabriel33\/5358393<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u540c\u96e2\u5b50\u6548\u61c9 (Common-ion Effect) \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u58eb\u751f\u5f35\u80b2\u5510\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,68,69,67],"tags":[4519,2663,4518],"class_list":["post-41192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry05-01","category-chemistry05-02","category-chemistry05","tag-common-ion-effect","tag-2663","tag-4518","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-68","cat-69","cat-67","no-thumbnail"],"views":47691,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41192"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87755,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41192\/revisions\/87755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}