{"id":38730,"date":"2011-08-27T09:54:13","date_gmt":"2011-08-27T01:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=38730"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:23:11","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:23:11","slug":"%e5%8d%a1%e5%8c%b9%e5%af%9f-pyotr-leonidovich-kapitsa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%8d%a1%e5%8c%b9%e5%af%9f-pyotr-leonidovich-kapitsa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5361\u5339\u5bdf Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u5361\u5339\u5bdf Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u570b\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u5927\u5b78\u5149\u96fb\u79d1\u6280\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6797\u5ba3\u9cf4\u7814\u7a76\u751f\/\u570b\u7acb\u5f70\u5316\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u6d2a\u9023\u8f1d\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/73.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-38731\" title=\"7\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/73.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"162\" height=\"227\" \/><\/a>\u5361\u5339\u5bdf\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u4f4e\u6eab\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u5f6d\u9f4a\u4e9e\u65af\u548c\u5a01\u723e\u905c\u5171\u540c\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u5339\u5bdf(1894 -1984)\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4fc4\u570b\uff0c\u5728 1918 \u5e74\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\u8077\u696d\u6280\u8853\u5b78\u9662\u3002\u65bc\u76e7\u745f\u798f\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8a31\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5341\u9918\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u9032\u884c\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1930 \u5e74\u6210\u70ba\u5c08\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\u7684\u8499\u5fb7\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e3b\u4efb\u30021929 \u5e74\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u9662\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 1920 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u8d77\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\u7684\u9ad8\u96fb\u6d41\u6ce8\u5165\u77ed\u66ab\u5c08 \u9580\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u7a7a\u82af\u96fb\u78c1\u9435\u30021928 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u963b\u7387\u7684\u7dda\u6027\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u78c1\u5834\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u91d1\u5c6c\u3002\u5728\u528d\u6a4b\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5e74\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u8f49\u5411\u4f4e\u6eab\u7814\u7a76\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>1923 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u96f2\u5ba4\u662f\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u78c1\u5834\uff0c\u4e26\u89c0\u5bdf\u5f4e\u66f2 $$\\alpha$$-\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u3002\u4e26\u65bc 1929 \u5e74\u5728\u528d\u6a4b\u9996\u4efb\u8499\u5fb7\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\uff0830 \u5e74\u81f3 34 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00 20 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5275\u5efa\u8d85\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\u6ce8\u5c04\u9ad8\u96fb\u6d41(\u5728\u77ed\u66ab\u6642\u9593)\u5230\u7a7a\u82af\u96fb\u78c1\u9435\u7684\u6280\u8853\u30021928 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u963b\u7387\u7684\u7dda\u6027\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u78c1\u5834\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u91d1\u5c6c\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u78c1\u5834\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7d00 30 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u505a\u4f4e\u6eab\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u5206\u6790\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u8f03\u4f4e\u6eab\u5ea6\u30021934 \u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u56de\u570b\u63a2\u671b\u6bcd\u89aa\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u8607\u806f\uff0c\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u70ba\u7269\u7406\u554f\u984c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u6240\u9577\u4f5c\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6db2\u614b\u6c26\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\uff0c\u4f4e\u6eab\u7269\u7406\u8207\u4f4e\u6eab\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u6db2\u614b\u6c26\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5728 1937 \u5e74\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u6027\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u6df7\u6dc6\u8d85\u5c0e\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5831\u544a\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u70ba\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u767c\u660e\u548c\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u4f4e\u6eab\u7269\u7406\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1939 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6db2\u5316\u7a7a\u6c23\u4f4e\u58d3\u529b\u5faa\u74b0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u6e26\u8f2a\u81a8\u8139\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8a72\u90e8\u8ca0\u8cac\u5de5\u696d\u6c27\u9644\u8457\u5728\u8607\u806f\u90e8\u9577\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4f4e\u58d3\u64f4\u5c55\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u70ba\u5de5\u696d\u7528\u9014\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u9ad8\u529f\u7387\u5fae\u6ce2\u767c\u751f\u5668\uff081950-1955 \u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u9ad8\u58d3\u653e\u96fb\u96fb\u6f3f\u9ad4\uff0c\u5176\u96fb\u5b50\u6eab\u5ea6\u8d85\u904e $$100$$ \u591a\u842c\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u6db2\u614b\u6c26\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5728 1937 \u5e74\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u5831\u544a\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u9019\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u70ba\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u30021939 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6db2\u5316\u7a7a\u6c23\u4f4e\u58d3\u529b\u5faa\u74b0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u6e26\u8f2a\u81a8\u8139\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8a72\u90e8\u8ca0\u8cac\u5de5\u696d\u6c27\u9644\u8457\u5728\u8607\u806f\u90e8\u9577\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4f4e\u58d3\u64f4\u5c55\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u70ba\u5de5\u696d\u7528\u9014\u3002\u4ed6\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u9ad8\u529f\u7387\u5fae\u6ce2\u767c\u751f\u5668\uff081950-1955\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u9ad8\u58d3\u653e\u96fb\u7b49\u96e2\u5b50\u9ad4\u96fb\u5b50\u6eab\u5ea6\u8d85\u904e $$100$$ \u591a\u842c\u5149\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\n\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n1. <a href=\"http:\/\/nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/physics\/laureates\/1978\/kapitsa-bio.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/nobelprize.org\/nobel_priz &#8230; 78\/kapitsa-bio.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyotr_Kapitsa\" target=\"_blank\">2. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyotr_Kapitsa<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5361\u5339\u5bdf Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa \u570b\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u5927\u5b78\u5149\u96fb\u79d1\u6280\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6797\u5ba3\u9cf4\u7814\u7a76\u751f\/\u570b\u7acb\u5f70\u5316\u5e2b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107,46,47],"tags":[4221,4220,2585],"class_list":["post-38730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics00","category-physics12","category-physics12-01","tag-pyotr-leonidovich-kapitsa","tag-4220","tag-2585","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-107","cat-46","cat-47","no-thumbnail"],"views":2422,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38730","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38730"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38730\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87945,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38730\/revisions\/87945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}