{"id":34141,"date":"2011-01-16T08:12:09","date_gmt":"2011-01-16T00:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=34141"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:29:04","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:29:04","slug":"%e7%8f%be%e4%bb%a3%e5%a5%b3%e5%aa%a7%e8%a3%9c%e5%a4%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e7%8f%be%e4%bb%a3%e5%a5%b3%e5%aa%a7%e8%a3%9c%e5%a4%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u73fe\u4ee3\u5973\u5aa7\u88dc\u5929"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pf-content\"><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u73fe\u4ee3\u5973\u5aa7\u88dc\u5929<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u77e5\u8b58\u901a\u8a0a\u8a55\u8ad6\u7b2c83\u671f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4eba\u985e\u79d1\u5b78\u81ea\u4e03\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u958b\u59cb\u95dc\u6ce8\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u8fd1\u53c8\u767c\u73fe\u5230\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u8207\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u7834\u6d1e\u6709\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9019\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u5730\u7403\u9019\u4e00\u8907\u96dc\u5de8\u5927\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u727d\u4e00\u9aee\u800c\u5168\u8eab\u52d5\uff0c\u8981\u7aba\u5176\u5168\u8c8c\u4e26\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34176\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u4f55\u6642\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4fee\u5fa9.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34176\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34176\" title=\"\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u4f55\u6642\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4fee\u5fa9\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u4f55\u6642\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4fee\u5fa9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-34176\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u4f55\u6642\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4fee\u5fa9?<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u5357\u534a\u7403\u6f2b\u6f2b\u9577\u51ac\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u53c8\u5c07\u7167\u8000\u5357\u6975\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u88e1\u7684\u6c2f\u548c\u6eb4\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u537b\u958b\u59cb\u7834\u58de\u4f7f\u5730\u7403\u514d\u53d7\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u3002\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u6578\u6708\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u9020\u6210\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u640d\u8017\uff0c\u6703\u5728\u5357\u6975\u5927\u9678\u4e0a\u65b9\u5f04\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u7834\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\u5c31\u5e74\u5e74\u4e0a\u6f14\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u904e\u4e86\u597d\u5e7e\u5e74\u624d\u88ab\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u3002\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u5357\u6975\u8abf\u67e5\u5c0f\u7d44\u5728\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7684\u7834\u6d1e\uff0c\u8209\u4e16\u9707\u9a5a\u3002\u5927\u7d04\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u78ba\u8a8d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u5730\u7403\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u5c0d\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u611f\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u767c\u73fe\u4f7f\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\u4e00\u81f4\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u7ba1\u5236\u751f\u7522\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u554f\u984c\u6700\u6709\u9b44\u529b\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u8667\u6709\u300c\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300d\uff0c\u5404\u570b\u5c0d\u4fee\u5fa9\u5730\u7403\u9632\u8b77\u5c64\u90fd\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5357\u6975\u4e0a\u7a7a\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u5927\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u88e1\u7684\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u6709\u958b\u59cb\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u8b8a\u7a00\u8584\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u8f49\u7684\u8de1\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u773e\u4eba\u6b61\u6b23\u4e4b\u9918\u537b\u5fd8\u4e86\u554f\uff0c\u5929\u7a7a\u7684\u5927\u6d1e\u5230\u5e95\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u624d\u6703\u88dc\u597d\u3002\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9810\u8a08\uff0c\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u5230\u4e8c\u3007\u4e94\u3007\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u5fa9\u539f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u537b\u4e0d\u518d\u80fd\u80af\u5b9a\u9810\u4f30\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9805\u4f7f\u60c5\u6cc1\u66f4\u8da8\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\uff0c\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7c3d\u7f72\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u5df2\u5927\u5e45\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u6062\u5fa9\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u537b\u6703\u4f7f\u60c5\u6cc1\u60e1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u73fe\u5728\u624d\u525b\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u505a\u9577\u671f\u6a21\u64ec\uff0c\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u6c23\u5019\u6696\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5230\u5e95\u70ba\u4f55\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u6703\u6bd4\u539f\u5148\u9810\u4f30\u7684\u63d0\u65e9\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u6062\u5fa9\u820a\u89c0\uff0c\u4f46\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\u537b\u6bd4\u9810\u671f\u7684\u665a\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u624d\u6703\u5fa9\u539f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8907\u96dc\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34177\" style=\"width: 318px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u6240\u7f85\u9580\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u8207\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u72c0\u6cc1\u95dc\u4fc2\u5967\u79d8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34177\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34177\" title=\"\u6240\u7f85\u9580\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u8207\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u72c0\u6cc1\u95dc\u4fc2\u5967\u79d8\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u6240\u7f85\u9580\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u8207\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u72c0\u6cc1\u95dc\u4fc2\u5967\u79d8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"308\" height=\"462\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-34177\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6240\u7f85\u9580\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u8207\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u72c0\u6cc1\u95dc\u4fc2\u5967\u79d8<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u548c\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u72c0\u6cc1\u6703\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\u4f7f\u5f97\u5357\u6975\u534a\u5cf6\u52a0\u901f\u6696\u5316\uff0c\u51b0\u5c64\u878d\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9593\u63a5\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6fb3\u6d32\u66f4\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u4e7e\u65f1\u548c\u5927\u706b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u7f85\u62c9\u591a\u5dde\u570b\u5bb6\u6d77\u6d0b\u66a8\u5927\u6c23\u7e3d\u7f72\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u6240\u7f85\u9580\uff08Susan Solomon\uff09\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u548c\u5730\u8868\u6c23\u5019\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u3002\u300c\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u5967\u79d8\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u8a73\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u723e\u7063\u5206\u6821\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7f85\u862d\uff08Sherwood Rowland\uff09\u548c\u83ab\u91cc\u7d0d\uff08Mario Molina\uff09\u5c31\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\uff08CFCs\uff09\u5728\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u4e2d\u6703\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8207\u5fb7\u570b\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5316\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u514b\u9b6f\u741b\uff08Paul Crutzen\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u81ed\u6c27\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u5091\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5c0d\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7a00\u8584\u5316\u751a\u81f3\u7834\u6d1e\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u4e03\u5e74\u300c\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7269\u8cea\u7ba1\u5236\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u300d\u7684\u7c3d\u5b9a\u3002\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u958b\u59cb\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u53c8\u6709\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u660e\u4ee4\u7981\u7528\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u65bc\u51b0\u7bb1\u8207\u51b7\u6c23\u51b7\u5a92\u548c\u6ce1\u6cab\u751f\u6210\u5291\u7684\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u65bc\u6ec5\u706b\u5291\u7684\u6eb4\u5316\u7269\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u70ba\u53ef\u8aaa\u7acb\u5373\u898b\u6548\uff1b\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u4e2d\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u689d\u6b3e\u5c0d\u6539\u5584\u6c23\u5019\u4e5f\u6709\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u548c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6bd4\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u985e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u662f\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u66f4\u5f37\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002\u5728\u6e1b\u7de9\u6696\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u62ef\u6551\u81ed\u6c27\u7684\u689d\u7d04\u6bd4\u8d77\u4eac\u90fd\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u8981\u5f37\u4e0a\u4e94\u5230\u516d\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u5016\u514d\u7684<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u770b\u770b\u8981\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u99ac\u91cc\u862d\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u7e3d\u7f72\u845b\u9054\u5fb7\u592a\u7a7a\u98db\u884c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u7d10\u66fc\uff08Paul Newman\uff09\u8207\u540c\u4e8b\u5c0d\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7269\u8cea\u672a\u7d93\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u5e74\u9084\u589e\u9577\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u9032\u884c\u6a21\u64ec\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u4e8c\u3007\u516d\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u5c07\u6703\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u5168\u7403\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u5c07\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u4f4f\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u5e03\u5b9c\u8afe\u65af\u827e\u5229\u65af\u6216\u6771\u4eac\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4f\u5728\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\uff08\u7def\u5ea6\u4e09\u5341\u5230\u516d\u5341\u5ea6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6eab\u5e36\u5730\u5340\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u66dd\u66ec\u65bc\u5f37\u70c8\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u5206\u9418\u4e4b\u5167\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u66ec\u50b7\u3002DNA\u7a81\u8b8a\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u516d\u500d\uff0c\u7f79\u60a3\u76ae\u819a\u764c\u6a5f\u7387\u6025\u907d\u4e0a\u5347\uff08\u898b\u3008\u81ed\u6c27\u8207\u764c\u75c7\u3009\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u5728\u6709\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u689d\u6b3e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u624d\u80fd\u6d3b\u5728\u6709\u9632\u66ec\u5c64\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u8207\u6c23\u5019\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9054\u7f8e\u5229\u65af\uff08Martin Dameris\uff09\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6700\u58de\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u500b\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u653e\u9b06\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u74b0\u4fdd\u5718\u9ad4\u7279\u5225\u6182\u616e\u8fb2\u7528\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u88e1\u7684\u6eb4\u5316\u7532\u70f7\u3002\u6839\u64da\u4fdd\u8b77\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u689d\u6b3e\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u4e8c\u3007\u3007\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u5247\u5728\u4e8c\u3007\u4e00\u4e94\u5e74\u8981\u505c\u7528\u6b64\u4e00\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fb2\u696d\u5718\u9ad4\u904a\u8aaa\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u6cd5\u898f\u66ab\u505c\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u8a31\u591a\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u4ecd\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u96b1\u6182\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u8001\u820a\u7684\u51b7\u6c23\u6a5f\u548c\u6ec5\u706b\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6eb4\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u9072\u65e9\u6703\u9038\u5165\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e00\u65e6\u9032\u5165\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u7559\u4e0a\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u73fe\u5728\u505c\u7528\u6c1f\u6c2f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u7b49\u81ed\u6c27\u7834\u58de\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u9084\u662f\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u597d\u591a\u5e74\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u7d04\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u56db\u81f3\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u3007\u5e74\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4f4e\u4e86\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u56db\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7834\u58de\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5357\u5317\u534a\u7403\u5404\u7def\u5ea6\u5dee\u7570\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u71b1\u5e36\u5730\u5340\u81ed\u6c27\u7834\u58de\u8f03\u5c11\u3002\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u8207\u5357\u5317\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u58de\u4e4b\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u591a\u6709\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u3007\u5e74\u4f86\u5728\u5317\u534a\u7403\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5df2\u964d\u4f4e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\uff0c\u5357\u534a\u7403\u5247\u964d\u81f3\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u516d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u58de\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6c92\u6709\u5357\u6975\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u6b64\u5730\u5340\u4eba\u53e3\u7a20\u5bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f71\u97ff\u8f03\u5927\u3002\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6bcf\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u6578\u5341\u842c\u76ae\u819a\u764c\u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7cdf\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u9084\u5728\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u6709\u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff1b\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u589e\u9577\u7684\u8de1\u8c61\u3002\u9ad8\u9054\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u53f2\u6258\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff08Richard Stolarsky\uff09\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6e1b\u7528\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u662f\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u300c\u8981\u662f\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u975e\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6d1e\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u90a3\u6700\u597d\u9084\u662f\u5728\u5357\u6975\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u662f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u71b1\u5e36\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u5c0d\u751f\u7269\u6703\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002\u300d&#8212;&#8212;\u6240\u7f85\u9580<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34181\" style=\"width: 522px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34181\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34181\" title=\"\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883\" src=\"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"339\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-34181\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u74b0\u5883<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u539f\u5148\u9810\u8a08\u9084\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u4e8c\u3007\u4e94\u3007\u5e74\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u624d\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u6062\u5fa9\uff0c\u4f46\u96fb\u8166\u6a21\u64ec\u986f\u793a\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6703\u63d0\u65e9\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8f03\u4e0d\u53d7\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u7834\u6d1e\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u5317\u534a\u7403\u3002\u5168\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u6696\u5316\u6216\u8a31\u5c0d\u6b64\u6709\u6b63\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u5c07\u71b1\u91cf\u7559\u5728\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0a\u65b9\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u6eab\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u8b8a\u6162\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6a21\u64ec\u6307\u51fa\u6696\u5316\u6548\u61c9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c23\u6d41\u5faa\u74b0\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u71b1\u5e36\u5730\u5340\u5bcc\u542b\u81ed\u6c27\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u6703\u6d41\u5411\u4e2d\u7def\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u81ed\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u61c9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u5728\u5169\u6975\u4e26\u4e0d\u986f\u8457\u3002\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u7684\u51b7\u537b\u6703\u4fc3\u9032\u6975\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u96f2\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9020\u6210\u81ed\u6c27\u5206\u89e3\u3002\u5357\u6975\u4e0a\u7a7a\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u76f8\u7576\u4e7e\u71e5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6eab\u5ea6\u4f4e\u65bc\u651d\u6c0f\u96f6\u4e0b\u4e03\u5341\u516b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u751f\u6210\u6975\u5730\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u96f2\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u8b93\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u767c\u751f\u7684\u5927\u6c23\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u539f\u672c\u7531\u4e09\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\u8fc5\u901f\u812b\u53bb\u4e00\u500b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51b0\u6676\u7c92\u5b50\u5c0d\u81ed\u6c27\u5206\u89e3\u626e\u6f14\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728\u6975\u5340\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u4e2d\u55ae\u4e00\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5faa\u74b0\u5206\u89e3\u6578\u767e\u500b\u81ed\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u548c\u5982\u6c27\u5316\u4e9e\u6c2e\u6c23\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u7d42\u6b62\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6975\u5730\u51b0\u6676\u7c92\u5b50\u8868\u9762\u537b\u80fd\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u6578\u4ee5\u842c\u8a08\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u5357\u6975\u81ed\u6c27\u6d1e\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6d77\u62d4\u7d04\u5341\u56db\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u516c\u91cc\u8655\uff0c\u81ed\u6c27\u6d88\u5931\u901f\u7387\u53ef\u9054\u6bcf\u65e5\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002\u5341\u6708\u521d\u5728\u6975\u5730\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u96f2\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u4e0b\uff0c\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u540c\u6d77\u62d4\u5340\u9593\u5167\u7684\u81ed\u6c27\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u9810\u6e2c\u6eab\u5ba4\u6696\u5316\u6703\u52a0\u5287\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7684\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5317\u6975\u4e0a\u7a7a\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u958b\u4e00\u500b\u6d1e\u3002\u300c\u4e0d\u904e\u90a3\u6642\u4ed6\u5011\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5e03\u9b6f\u723e-\u591a\u666e\u68ee\u74b0\u6d41\uff08Brewer\u2013Dobson circulation\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u300d\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u5967\u65af\u767b\uff08John Austin\uff09\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5e03\u9b6f\u723e\u2013\u591a\u666e\u68ee\u74b0\u6d41\u6703\u5e36\u52d5\u71b1\u5e36\u5730\u5340\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e0a\u5347\u81f3\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u671d\u9ad8\u7def\u5ea6\u5730\u5340\u6d41\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u8a72\u8655\u6c88\u964d\u3002\u7a7a\u6c23\u6c88\u964d\uff0c\u58d3\u529b\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u6eab\u5ea6\u589e\u9ad8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u52a0\u901f\u74b0\u6d41\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u6975\u5730\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u61c9\u8a72\u66f4\u71b1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ed\u6c27\u6d88\u5931\u901f\u5ea6\u6e1b\u7de9\u624d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u65e2\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u6975\u5730\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u6eab\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e26\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7a76\u7adf\u4f55\u7a2e\u6548\u61c9\u6703\u52dd\u51fa\u3002\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u9072\u9072\u672a\u80fd\u9032\u5c55\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u96fb\u8166\u904b\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4ee5\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u767e\u500b\u8655\u7406\u5668\u6a21\u64ec\u4e00\u500b\u767e\u5e74\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u5730\u9023\u7b97\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u3002\u300c\u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5f97\u76ef\u8457\u5b83\u770b\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u7b97\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u5361\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u62d6\u6210\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u500b\u6708\u3002\u300d\u5967\u65af\u767b\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u9810\u671f\uff0c\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7684\u5fa9\u539f\u6703\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u767c\u751f\u3002\u76f8\u95dc\u6a21\u64ec\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u5357\u6975\u4e0a\u65b9\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u4e2d\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff0c\u5341\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u4ecd\u6703\u8655\u65bc\u98fd\u548c\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u6e2c\u5728\u4e8c\u3007\u516d\u3007\u6216\u4e8c\u3007\u516d\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5fa9\u539f\uff0c\u5c46\u6642\u7834\u58de\u81ed\u6c27\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5c07\u6703\u964d\u5230\u4e00\u4e5d\u516b\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u300c\u81ed\u6c27\u5316\u5b78\u8207\u5927\u6c23\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u5f7c\u6b64\u727d\u9023\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u65b7\u5b9a\u5b70\u8f14\u5b70\u963b\u300d<br \/>\n&#8212;&#8212;\u9054\u7f8e\u5229\u65af<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u6eb4\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u5e73\u6d41\u5c64\u4e2d\u6eb4\u5316\u7269\u6fc3\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7406\u8ad6\u9810\u671f\u7684\u9084\u591a\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u3007\u516d\u4e94\u5e74\u5f8c\u6578\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u7834\u6d1e\u9084\u6703\u6709\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5927\u3002\u5967\u65af\u767b\u63d0\u9192\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u521d\u6b65\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u300c\u76f4\u81f3\u672c\u4e16\u7d00\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u898b\u5230\u81ed\u6c27\u5c64\u5fa9\u539f\u3002\u300d<a 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