{"id":28410,"date":"2011-06-02T18:06:30","date_gmt":"2011-06-02T10:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=28410"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:26:32","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:26:32","slug":"%e7%83%b7%e9%a1%9ealkanes%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e7%83%b7%e9%a1%9ealkanes%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70f7\u985e(Alkanes)\uff08\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u70f7\u985e(Alkanes)\uff08\u4e00\uff09
\n<\/span>\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u58eb\u751f\u5f35\u80b2\u5510\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u70f7\u985e(Alkanes)\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u78b3\u8207\u6c2b\u5169\u7a2e\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u78b3\u6c2b\u5316\u5408\u7269(Hydrocarbons)\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u3002\u78b3\u548c\u6c2b\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u70baC<\/span>n<\/span><\/sub>H<\/span>2n+2<\/span><\/sub>\uff08\u93c8\u72c0\u70f7\u985e\uff09\u6216C<\/span>n<\/span><\/sub>H<\/span>2n<\/span><\/sub>\uff08\u74b0\u72c0\u70f7\u985e\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u70f7\u985e\u50c5\u6709\u78b3\u2500\u78b3\u55ae\u9375(\uff23\u2500\uff23)\u8207\u78b3\u2500\u6c2b\u55ae\u9375(\uff23\u2500\uff28)\u5169\u7a2e\u9375\u7d50\uff0c\u6545\u70f7\u985e\u70ba\u98fd\u548c(Saturated)\u78b3\u6c2b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1b\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u78b3\u5747\u70basp<\/span>3<\/span><\/sup>\u6df7\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u78b3\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5448\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u5716\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u5716\u4e00\u3001\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u78b3\u70basp3\u6df7\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u78b3\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5448\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u70f7\u985e\uff1a\u7532\u70f7\u3002http:\/\/www2.chemistry.msu.edu\/fa ... ml\/intro3.htm#strc4 ; http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alkane<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u70f7\u985e\u96a8\u8457\u78b3\u7684\u6392\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u70ba\u76f4\u93c8\u3001\u652f\u93c8\u4ee5\u53ca\u74b0\u70f7\u985e(cycloalkanes)\u3002\u5176\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7c21\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u76f4\u93c8\u3001\u652f\u93c8\u70f7\u985e\u7684\u547d\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u7167\u5176\u78b3\u6578\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5c3e\u7aef\u4ee5\u300c\u70f7\u300d(-ane)\u5b57\u5f8c\u7db4\uff1a\u5728\u5341\u500b\u78b3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6642\u4ee5\u5929\u5e72\u547d\u540d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982CH4<\/sub>\u7a31\u70ba\u7532\u70f7(methane)\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u78b3\u6578\u8f03\u9ad8\u6642\u5247\u4ee5\u6578\u5b57\u53d6\u4ee3\u5929\u5e72\u3002
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u78b3\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u5728\u56db\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6642\uff0c\u78b3\u7684\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u8907\u6578\u7a2e\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u540c\u5206\u7570\u69cb\u7269(isomer)\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u4ee5\u6b63(n<\/em>-)\u6216\u7570(iso-)\u505a\u70ba\u524d\u7db4\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u900f\u904e\u570b\u969b\u7d14\u5316\u5b78\u66a8\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u806f\u5408\u6703(IUPAC, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)\u6240\u9812\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7d71\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u547d\u540d\u4e4b\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u4ee5\u6700\u9577\u7684\u78b3\u93c8\u505a\u70ba\u4e3b\u93c8\uff0c\u800c\u5c07\u5176\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u652f\u93c8\u8996\u4f5c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff0c\u6539\u4ee5\u300c\u57fa\u300d(-yl)\u5b57\u5f8c\u7db4\uff1b\u800c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u5247\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u70f7\u985e\u53bb\u6389\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6c2b\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u900f\u904e\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6578\u5b57\u4f86\u6a19\u793a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u6578\u5b57\u4f86\u6a19\u793a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7de8\u865f\u4ee5\u51fa\u73fe\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u70ba\u6e96\uff0c\u82e5\u6578\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5247\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bcd\u9806\u5e8f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e4b\u3002\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6392\u5217\u9806\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6587\u7531\u5c0f\u81f3\u5927\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bcd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e4b\u3002\u800c\u74b0\u70f7\u985e\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5247\u5728\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u76f4\u93c8\u70f7\u985e\u4e0a\u524d\u7db4\u300c\u74b0\u300d\u5b57(cyclo-)\u3002\u5176\u9918\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\u5247\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u7570(\u53c3\u898b\u8868\u4e00)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8868\u4e00
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u70f7\u985e\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00 \u6db2\u614b\u7684\u70f7\u985e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u57280.6\uff5e0.75\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u70f7\u985e\u7194\u9ede\u3001\u6cb8\u9ede\u96a8\u8457\u78b3\u93c8\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7532\u70f7\u81f3\u6b63\u4e01\u70f7\u5728\u5e38\u6eab\u4e0b\u70ba\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u6b63\u620a\u70f7\u81f3\u6b63\u5341\u4e8c\u70f7\u70ba\u6db2\u9ad4\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u70ba\u56fa\u9ad4\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u53d7\u5230\u652f\u93c8\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u9084\u6709\u7194\u9ede\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6b63\u620a\u70f7\u7684\u6cb8\u9ede\u7d04\u70ba36\u2103\uff0c\u7570\u620a\u70f7\u7d04\u70ba28\u2103\uff0c\u65b0\u620a\u70f7\u7d04\u50c5\u70ba10\u2103\u3002\u70f7\u985e\u7684\u6975\u6027\u76f8\u7576\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u6eb6\u65bc\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/strong>
\n\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a
\n<\/strong>1. Wade, L. G., Jr. Organic Chemistry, 6th<\/sup> edition; Pearson Education International: Upper Saddle River, 2006; Chapter 3.
\n2. \u5433\u694a\u7f8e\u9999\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\uff1b\u980110\uff5e11\u3001\u980123\uff1b\u570b\u7acb\u7de8\u8b6f\u9928\uff1a\u81fa\u5317\u5e02\uff0c\u6c1192\u3002
\n3. Wikipedia\u2500\u2500 Alkane\u00a0\u00a0http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alkane<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u70f7\u985e(Alkanes)\uff08\u4e00\uff09 \u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u58eb\u751f\u5f35\u80b2\u5510\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u9673\u85f9\u7136\u535a\u58eb\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f \u70f7\u985e(Al…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,50,48],"tags":[3121,3120,3122],"class_list":["post-28410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemistry00","category-chemistry01-02","category-chemistry01","tag-alkanes","tag-3120","tag-3122","loop-entry","cat-108","cat-50","cat-48","no-thumbnail"],"views":19203,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28410"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88439,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28410\/revisions\/88439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}