{"id":19087,"date":"2011-01-05T17:39:21","date_gmt":"2011-01-05T09:39:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=19087"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:29:37","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:29:37","slug":"%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b2%92%e5%ad%90%ef%bc%88elementary-particle%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b2%92%e5%ad%90%ef%bc%88elementary-particle%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50 (<\/span>Elementary Particle)
\n<\/span>\u81fa\u5357\u5e02\u79c1\u7acb\u5149\u83ef\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u694a\u76db\u667a\u8001\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u8521\u5fd7\u7533\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u60f3\u8981\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u77ad\u89e3\u5b87\u5b99\u66f4\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u300d<\/span>\uff08\u7269\u8cea\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u96fb\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u662f\u7531\u8cea\u5b50\u8207\u4e2d\u5b50\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8cea\u5b50\u8207\u4e2d\u5b50\u53c8\u5206\u5225\u662f\u7531\u4e09\u500b\u5938\u514b (quark) \u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7d44\u6210\uff08\u8cea\u5b50\uff1a\u5169\u500b\u4e0a\u5938\u514b\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u4e0b\u5938\u514b\uff1b\u4e2d\u5b50\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u4e0a\u5938\u514b\u548c\u5169\u500b\u4e0b\u5938\u514b\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u96fb\u5b50\u8207\u5938\u514b\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u5247\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u96fb\u5b50\u8207\u5938\u514b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u6210\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5c07\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u7e6a\u51fa\u7c21\u5716\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n\"02-eq1.png\"<\/p>\n

\u5404\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u7684\u81ea\u65cb (Spin) \u6578\u3002\u6839\u64da\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u4e0d\u9650\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\uff09\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u89d2\u52d5\u91cf\u5fc5\u9808\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u4e14\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u5f8c\u5fc5\u9808\u662f1\/2\u7684\u6574\u6578\u500d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u96f6\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u65cb\u70ba1\/2\u7684\u5947\u6578\u500d\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\uff08Fermion\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u65cb\u70ba1\/2\u7684\u5076\u6578\u500d\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\uff08Boson\uff09\u3002\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u985e\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\uff09\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7c92\u5b50\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80fd\u614b\uff0c\u800c\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u5247\u7121\u6b64\u9650\u5236\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u4f54\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u80fd\u614b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u6392\u65a5\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u985e\u7684\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u4f54\u540c\u4e00\u80fd\u614b\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u539f\u7406\u300d(Exclusion principle)\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u985e\uff1a\u5938\u514b\u548c\u8f15\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u5938\u514b\u5171\u67096\u7a2e\uff0c\u53ca\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53cd\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u90196\u7a2e\u5938\u514b\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u70ba3\u300c\u4ee3\u300d\u3002\u4f9d\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff1au<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u4e0a\u5938\u514b\uff09\u3001d<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u4e0b\u5938\u514b\uff09\uff1b
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\uff1as<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u5947\u5938\u514b\uff09\u3001c<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u9b45\u5938\u514b\uff09\uff1b
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\uff1ab<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u5e95\u5938\u514b\uff09\u3001t<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u9802\u5938\u514b\uff09<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u8f15\u5b50\uff1a\u6bd4\u8cea\u5b50\u8f15\u7684\u8cbb\u7c73\u5b50\u7a31\u70ba\u8f15\u5b50\uff08Lepton\uff09\uff0c\u5171\u5b58\u57286\u7a2e\u8f15\u5b50\u548c\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53cd\u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d3\u7a2e\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u548c\u8207\u5b83\u6027\u8cea\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684 \u03bc<\/em><\/span> \u5b50\u548c \u03c4<\/em><\/span> \u5b50\u3002
\n\u800c\u9019\u4e09\u7a2e\u5404\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u4f34\u7684\u5fae\u4e2d\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u4ee3\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff1a\u96fb\u5b50\uff08Electron\uff0ce –<\/sup><\/em><\/span>\uff09\uff1b\u96fb\u5fae\u4e2d\u5b50\uff08\u03bde<\/sub><\/em><\/span>\uff09
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\uff1a\u7df2\u5b50\uff08Muon\uff0c\u03bc –<\/sup><\/em><\/span>\uff09\uff1b\u7df2\u5fae\u4e2d\u5b50\uff08\u03bd\u03bc<\/sub><\/em><\/span>\uff09
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\uff1a\u9676\u5b50\uff08Tauon\uff0c\u03c4 –<\/sup><\/em><\/span>\uff09\uff1b\u9676\u5fae\u4e2d\u5b50\uff08\u03bd\u03c4<\/sub><\/em><\/span>\uff09<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u985e\uff1a\u898f\u7bc4\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u53ca\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u985e\u5728\u7c92\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u8d77\u5a92\u4ecb\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u50b3\u905e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u300c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u539f\u7406\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u898f\u7bc4\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e00\u5171\u5b58\u5728\u56db\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u5206\u6210\u56db\u985e\uff1a<\/p>\n

a\uff09\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\uff1a\u5f15\u529b\u5b50 (graviton)
\nb\uff09\u96fb\u78c1\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff1a\u5149\u5b50 (photon)
\nc\uff09\u5f31\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff1aW<\/em><\/span> \u53ca Z<\/em><\/span> \u73bb\u8272\u5b50\uff0c\u5171\u67093\u7a2e\uff1aW +<\/sup> \u3001W \u2212<\/sup> \u3001Z0<\/sup><\/em><\/span>
\nd\uff09\u5f37\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff1a\u81a0\u5b50 (gluon)<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50 (Higgs) \u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0a\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u4f86\u3010\u8a3b1\u3011\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u7c92\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8d8a\u5f37\u8cea\u91cf\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u731c\u60f3\u4ecd\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u9a57\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8a3c\u64da\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u661f\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6697\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c31\u731c\u60f3\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u5f88\u5f31\u4f46\u8cea\u91cf\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u6697\u7269\u8cea\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u53ea\u80fd\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u89c0\u6e2c\u53ca\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u624d\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u8a3b1\u3011\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u8cea\u91cf\u6975\u5927\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u80fd\u91cf\u9084\u7121\u6cd5\u9054\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u666e\u904d\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5f37\u5b50\u5c0d\u649e\u5668\uff08Large Hadron Collider\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31LHC\uff09\u4e0a\u7522\u751f\u51fa\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599
\n<\/strong>1.\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1–\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u00a0\u00a0http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elementary_Particle<\/a>
\n2.Bradley W. Carroll and Dale A. Ostlie\uff081996\uff09\uff0c\u300cAN INTRODUCTION TO MODERN ASTROPHYSICS\u300d\uff0cAddison-Wesley Publishing Company
\n3.\u570b\u7acb\u79d1\u5b78\u5de5\u85dd\u535a\u7269\u9928\u00a0\u00a0http:\/\/www3.nstm.gov.tw\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50 (Elementary Particle) \u81fa\u5357\u5e02\u79c1\u7acb\u5149\u83ef\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u694a\u76db\u667a\u8001\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,107,32],"tags":[3807,1875,1878,1881,1874,3857],"class_list":["post-19087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics07-02","category-physics00","category-physics07","tag-lhc","tag-quark","tag-1878","tag-1881","tag-1874","tag-3857","avhec_catgroup-all","loop-entry","cat-34","cat-107","cat-32","no-thumbnail"],"views":28783,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19087","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19087"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19087\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89016,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19087\/revisions\/89016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19087"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19087"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19087"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}