{"id":1239,"date":"2010-01-01T10:30:48","date_gmt":"2010-01-01T02:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/?p=1239"},"modified":"2021-10-06T16:33:23","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:33:23","slug":"%e5%8f%b8%e4%b9%83%e8%80%b3%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b%ef%bc%88snells-law%ef%bc%89-%e5%9c%8b%e7%ab%8b%e5%bd%b0%e5%8c%96%e5%b8%ab%e7%af%84%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%b8%e7%b3%bb%e6%b4%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/%e5%8f%b8%e4%b9%83%e8%80%b3%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b%ef%bc%88snells-law%ef%bc%89-%e5%9c%8b%e7%ab%8b%e5%bd%b0%e5%8c%96%e5%b8%ab%e7%af%84%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%b8%e7%b3%bb%e6%b4%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08Snell`s Law\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08Snell`s Law<\/span>\uff09
\n<\/span>\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\u7acb\u9ad8\u96c4\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u8521\u5b97\u8ce2\u8001\u5e2b\/<\/span>\u570b\u7acb\u5f70\u5316\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\u6d2a\u9023\u8f1d\u6559\u6388\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5149\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b(\u8207\u7b1b\u5361\u723e\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8207\u7e5e\u5c04\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e00\u6a23\u6709\u540d)\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5149\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6ce2\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u4ecb\u8cea\u9032\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4ecb\u8cea(\u4f8b\u5982\u73bb\u7483\u8207\u6c34)\uff0c\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6b64\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u5230\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u503c\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u503c\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u70ba\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u4e00\u5b9a\u503c\u8ddf\u5165\u5c04\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u4ecb\u8cea\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5149\u5b78\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b64\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a08\u7b97\u8ffd\u8e64\u5149\u7dda\u5165\u5c04\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u7684\u884c\u5f91\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5149\u5f9e\u5165\u5c04\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u5c0f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ecb\u8cea\u9032\u5165\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u6bd4\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ecb\u8cea \\((n_2>n_1)\\)\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ecb\u8cea\u5149\u884c\u9032\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8f03\u6162 \\((v_2<v_1)\\)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6298\u5c04\u89d2 \\(\\theta_2\\) \u6703\u6bd4\u5165\u5c04\u89d2 \\(\\theta_1\\) \u5c0f\uff0c\u5149\u7dda\u6298\u5c04\u5f8c\u6703\u504f\u5411\u6cd5\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u8377\u862d\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u4f86\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u9673\u8ff0\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u503c\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u503c\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u5169\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce2\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u8207\u5169\u4ecb\u8cea\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

\\(\\displaystyle \\frac{\\sin \\theta_1}{\\sin \\theta_2}=\\frac{v_1}{v_2}=\\frac{\\lambda_1}{\\lambda_2}=\\frac{n_2}{n_1}\\)\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u00a0<\/span>\\(n_1\\sin\\theta_1=n_2\\sin\\theta_2\\)<\/p>\n

\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ef\u5f9e\u6ce2\u50b3\u905e\u884c\u9032\u6642\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u8cbb\u746a\u6700\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u89e3\u91cb<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7528\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5149\u7dda\u9032\u5165\u4e0d\u540c\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u5149\u6298\u5c04\u5f8c\u9032\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u7528 \\(n_1,n_2\\) \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u5149\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u5927\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u5149\u5728\u6b64\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u50b3\u905e\u8f03\u6162\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u5c0f\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u5149\u5728\u6b64\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u50b3\u905e\u8f03\u5feb\uff0c\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u7684\u5149\u901f\u525b\u597d\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u503c\u5224\u65b7\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u5149\u7dda\u5230\u9054\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5169\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4ecb\u8cea\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u6298\u5c04\u504f\u6298\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5728\u5169\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u6298\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u8207\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u6307\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cd5\u7dda(\u5782\u76f4\u65bc\u4ea4\u754c\u9762\u7684\u76f4\u7dda)\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5149\u7531\u7a7a\u6c23\u9032\u5165\u6c34\uff0c\u5149\u7dda\u6298\u5c04\u5f8c\u5c07\u504f\u5411\u6cd5\u7dda\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5149\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6ce2\u901f\u8b8a\u6162\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5149\u5f9e\u6c34\u9032\u5165\u7a7a\u6c23\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u5149\u7dda\u6298\u5c04\u5f8c\u5c07\u504f\u96e2\u6cd5\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5169\u4ecb\u9762\u5149\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u5730\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u70ba\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u5247\u5165\u5c04\u89d2\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u7b49\u5411\u6027(isotropic or specular media)\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea(\u4f8b\u5982\u73bb\u7483)\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u7b49\u5411\u6027\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d(anisotropic media) (\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u6676\u9ad4)\uff0c\u96d9\u6298\u5c04(birefringence)\u5c07\u4f7f\u6298\u5c04\u5149\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u5169\u9053\u5149\uff0c\u9075\u5b88\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7a31\u70ba o-ray(ordinary ray)\uff0c\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7a31\u70bae-ray(extraordinary ray)\uff0c\u9019\u9053\u5149\u8207\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u4e0d\u5171\u5e73\u9762\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u662f\u55ae\u983b\u7684\u55ae\u8272\u5149\uff0c\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5149\u5728\u6b64\u5169\u4ecb\u8cea\u7684\u6ce2\u9577\u6bd4\u4f86\u8868\u793a (\\(\\lambda_1\\) \u8207 \\(\\lambda_2\\))<\/p>\n

\\(\\displaystyle \\frac{\\sin \\theta_1}{\\sin \\theta_2}=\\frac{v_1}{v_2}=\\frac{\\lambda_1}{\\lambda_2}=\\frac{n_2}{n_1}\\)<\/p>\n

\u8272\u6563<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u771f\u7a7a\uff0c\u5149\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u900f\u660e\u4ecb\u8cea\u4e2d\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u5149\u7684\u983b\u7387\u6216\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4ecb\u8cea\u7a31\u70ba\u5c0d\u5149\u662f\u53ef\u8272\u6563\u7684\u3002\u5f9e\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u89d2\uff0c\u4e5f\u8207\u5149\u7684\u983b\u7387\u6216\u6ce2\u9577\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u767d\u5149\u662f\u7531\u5f88\u591a\u983b\u7387\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u5149\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u767d\u5149\u5165\u5c04\u9019\u7a2e\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u983b\u7387\u7684\u8272\u5149\u5c07\u6703\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u767d\u5149\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u8207\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u8272\u6563\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u8272\u5149\u6563\u958b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f69\u8679\u6210\u56e0\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5149\u5b78\u5100\u5668\u4e0a\u8272\u6563\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u8272\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u5c07\u4f7f\u89e3\u6670\u5ea6\u7684\u6548\u679c\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5728\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7684\u7269\u93e1\u767c\u660e\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u6298\u5c04\u5f0f\u671b\u9060\u93e1\u4e0a\u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u8b6f\u81eahttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/snell%27s_law<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u53f8\u4e43\u8033\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08Snell`s Law\uff09 \u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02\u7acb\u9ad8\u96c4\u5973\u5b50\u9ad8\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u8521\u5b97\u8ce2\u8001\u5e2b\/\u570b\u7acb\u5f70\u5316\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\u6d2a\u9023\u8f1d…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,24,107],"tags":[2758,2321],"class_list":["post-1239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics05","category-physics05-02","category-physics00","tag-2758","tag-2321","loop-entry","cat-22","cat-24","cat-107","no-thumbnail"],"views":71224,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1239"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90033,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1239\/revisions\/90033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}