{"id":8226,"date":"2011-03-25T13:50:45","date_gmt":"2011-03-25T05:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=8226"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:20:45","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:20:45","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%9b%b8%e8%a9%95%e4%bb%8b%e7%b4%b9%e3%80%91%e8%82%a5%e7%9a%82%e3%80%81%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e3%80%81%e5%b9%b3%e6%9d%bf%e9%9b%bb%e8%a6%96%ef%bc%9a%e6%b6%b2%e6%99%b6%e7%9a%84%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=8226","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u66f8\u8a55\u4ecb\u7d39\u3011\u80a5\u7682\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u96fb\u8996\uff1a\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u6b77\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u25a0 \u6db2\u6676\u6700\u521d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u8207\u80a5\u7682\u6ce1\u6ce1\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5c64\u5217\u76f8\uff08Smectic phases\uff09\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u4f86\u81ea\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587\u300c\u80a5\u7682\u300d\u3002\u800c\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7cbe\u5f69\u66f4\u52dd\u80a5\u7682\u5287\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8229\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8229\" style=\"width: 720px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cristal_liquide\" target=\"_blank\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8229   \" title=\"Spheruliten\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Spheruliten.jpg\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Spheruliten.jpg 800w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/Spheruliten-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8229\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684spherulite\uff08\u5716\uff0f\u6cd5\u6587\u7dad\u57fa\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f <\/strong>\u2223 \u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u6db2\u6676\u9019\u7a2e\u88fd\u9020\u5404\u7a2e\u986f\u793a\u5668\u7684\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u63a5\u89f8\u6578\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u66f4\u70ba\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7d71\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u300a\u80a5\u7682\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5e73\u9762\u96fb\u8996\uff1a\u6db2\u6676\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u300b\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9127\u6469 (David Dunmur) \u8ddf\u53f2\u8def\u91d1 (Tim Sluckin) \u5c0d\u975e\u5c08\u5bb6\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u7fa4\u4f83\u4f83\u800c\u8ac7\uff0c\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u5f9e\u6280\u8853\u9762\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u9762\u5206\u800c\u8ad6\u4e4b\uff0c\u6d87\u6e2d\u5206\u660e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u6670\u5730\u63a2\u8a0e\u6545\u4e8b\u88e1\u7684\u7b87\u4e2d\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u4fee\u8fad\u53ef\u4e0d\u542b\u84c4\uff0c\u5c07\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u885d\u64ca\uff0c\u8207\u767c\u660e\u8f2a\u5b50\u76f8\u63d0\u4e26\u8ad6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9084\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u300c\u524d\u6db2\u6676\u6642\u4ee3\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a5e\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u53f2\u8afe (C.P. Snow)\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u8ad6\u70ba\u672c\uff0c\u5c07\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9762\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u9762\u9023\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5999\u7b46\u6a6b\u751f\uff0c\u8da3\u5473\u7e31\u6d41\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u6709\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u5730\u50b3\u9054\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u80f8\u61f7\u5927\u5fd7\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u6db2\u6676\u9019\u7a2e\u975e\u6c23\u614b\u3001\u975e\u6db2\u614b\u4e5f\u975e\u56fa\u614b\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u665a\u671f\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u767c\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\uff38\u5149\u7e5e\u5c04\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u6676\u9ad4\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6027\u8cea\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4f9d\u5e8f\u8a18\u8f09\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u7b2c\u56db\u614b\u300d\u88ab\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4e8b\u8e5f\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u7684\u5149\u69ae\u52dd\u5229\u8207\u82e6\u6068\u722d\u57f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e09\u25cb\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u5e03\u840a\u683c\u7235\u58eb (Sir William Bragg) \u8207\u4f2f\u7d0d (J.D. Bernal) \u7387\u5148\u5c07\u9019\u500b\u8a71\u984c\u5e36\u5165\u82f1\u8a9e\u7cfb\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u9bae\u6d3b\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6703\u8b70\u662f\u6db2\u6676\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\u2014\u2014\u5c0d\u6b50\u6d32\u4f86\u8aaa\u53c8\u4f55\u5617\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u6377\u514b\u3001\u8377\u862d\u3001\u745e\u5178\u8207\u5fb7\u570b\u7b49\u5730\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u5c11\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u70ba\u63cf\u8ff0\u6db2\u6676\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u6c38\u9060\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u4e0a\u500b\u5e7e\u5341\u5104\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u751f\u7522\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\u3002\u6b7b\u65bc\u53e4\u62c9\u683c\u96c6\u4e2d\u71df\u7684\u4fc4\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f17\u5217\u5fb7\u745e\u514b (V.K. Frederiks) \uff0c\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6db2\u6676\u5728\u96fb\u5834\u4e2d\u7684\u8f49\u63db\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u67d0\u7a2e\u6df1\u5c64\u610f\u7fa9\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f17\u5217\u5fb7\u745e\u514b\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u986f\u793a\u88dd\u7f6e\u7684\u767c\u660e\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u6db2\u6676\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e1d\u570b\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u82df\u5ef6\u6b98\u5598\uff0c\u5f8c\u53c8\u88ab\u95dc\u5728\u51b7\u6230\u7684\u9435\u5e55\u4e4b\u5f8c\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u25cb\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b RCA \u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u8207\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u96f7\u9054\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u7814\u7a76\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u5f9e\u53e4\u8272\u53e4\u9999\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\u5404\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u7522\u696d\u986f\u793a\u5668\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u9020\u5c31\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u300c\u626d\u8f49\u5411\u5217\u300d\uff08twisted nematic\uff09\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u83ab\u7518 (Charles-Victor Mauguin) \u6240\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5230\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u25cb\u5e74\uff0c\u65b9\u7531\u8607\u683c\u862d\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u96f7\u65af\u5229 (Frank Leslie) \u505a\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u6db2\u6676\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u7533\u8acb\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u7af6\u722d\u5ee0\u5546\u53d6\u5f97\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5546\u696d\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u7b46\u89f8\u8ddf\u5148\u524d\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b78\u754c\u885d\u7a81\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7528\u8a5e\u59d4\u5a49\u5bec\u5bb9\u3002\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u845b\u96f7 (George Gray) \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5411\u5217\u6db2\u6676\u6750\u8cea\uff0c\u70ba\u6b50\u6d32\u5316\u5b78\u754c\u53d6\u5f97\u7af6\u722d\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u4e26\u5f97\u4ee5\u6301\u7e8c\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u6574\u500b\u7522\u696d\u3002\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u71b1\u7d0d (Pierre-Gilles de Gennes) \u5c07\u6db2\u6676\u5c0e\u5165\u73fe\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7372\u9812\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u63d0\u8d77\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u8aaa\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u300d\u3002\u6db2\u6676\u4ee5\u98db\u5feb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u7522\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u767c\u5c55\uff08\u672c\u66f8\u4e2d\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\uff09\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5011\u540c\u6a23\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8207\u9060\u6771\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u6295\u6ce8\u5de7\u601d\u8207\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u5c31\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7522\u696d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6db2\u6676\u986f\u793a\u5668\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u5df2\u3002\u6db2\u6676\u79d1\u5b78\u7d93\u904e\u7422\u78e8\u8207\u91d0\u6e05\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7d44\u7e54\u8207\u7d44\u88dd\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u542b\u610f\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u5f9e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b78\u5230\u5948\u7c73\u79d1\u6280\u90fd\u6709\u64c5\u5834\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u60f3\u5fc5\u6703\u8ddf\u4e0a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4e00\u6a23\u4ee4\u4eba\u8a1d\u7136\u3002\u300a\u80a5\u7682\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5e73\u9762\u96fb\u8996\uff1a\u6db2\u6676\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u300b\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u6db2\u6676\u982d\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e00\u672c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u5bf6\u8cb4\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u7684\u9ede\u9ede\u6ef4\u6ef4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u9020\u5c31\u9019\u6bb5\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u8207\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u793e\u7d93\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4ea4\u4ee3\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u66f8\u8a55\u51fa\u8655\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.timeshighereducation.co.uk\/story.asp?storyCode=414923&amp;sectioncode=26\" target=\"_blank\"><em><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Times Higher Education<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u66f8\u7c4d\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u66f8\u540d\uff1a<\/strong>\u300a\u80a5\u7682\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u96fb\u8996\uff1a\u6db2\u6676\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u300b<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Soap-Science-Flat-Screen-TVs-Crystals\/dp\/0199549400\" target=\"_blank\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Soap, Science, and Flat-Screen TVs: A History of Liquid Crystals<\/span><\/em><\/a><strong><br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong>David Dunmur , Tim Sluckin<br \/>\n<strong>\u51fa\u7248\uff1a<\/strong>\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff08Oxford University Press\uff09\uff0c2010\u5e7411\u6708<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aMissZoe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 \u6db2\u6676\u6700\u521d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u8207\u80a5\u7682\u6ce1\u6ce1\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5c64\u5217\u76f8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,3293],"tags":[58,671],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8226"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16355,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226\/revisions\/16355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}