{"id":6707,"date":"2010-12-16T13:52:10","date_gmt":"2010-12-16T05:52:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=6707"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:20:50","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:20:50","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e5%a5%87%e5%a2%83%e3%80%91%e6%96%b0%e9%80%a0%e7%89%a9%e6%99%82%e4%bb%a3-%e8%b6%85%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e6%96%b0%e5%8b%95%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=6707","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5316\u5b78\u5947\u5883\u3011\u65b0\u9020\u7269\u6642\u4ee3  \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u65b0\u52d5\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u25a0 \u300c\u82e5\u80fd\u4ee5\u5fae\u89c0\u689d\u4ef6\u64cd\u63a7\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6709\u9a5a\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u300d---Richard Phillips Feynman, 1959<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u64b0\u6587<\/strong> \u2223 \u67ef\u662d\u5100<br \/>\n<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6709 alignright\" title=\"672px-Cucurbituril_gyroscope_AngewChemIntEd_2002_v41_p275_hires\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/672px-Cucurbituril_gyroscope_AngewChemIntEd_2002_v41_p275_hires.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"436\" height=\"388\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u842c\u7269\u59cb\u65bc\u5206\u5b50<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u795e\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u80fd\u300c\u81ea\u7121\u6a5f\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u6a5f\u300d\u30021828\u5e74\u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7dad\u52d2\uff08Friedrich W\u00f6hler\uff09\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88fd\u9020\u51fa\u300c\u5c3f\u7d20\uff08urea\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b58\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u5c3f\u6db2\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u7d42\u65bc\u4e5f\u80fd\u7d93\u7531\u6c30\u9178\u548c\u6c28\u6c34\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7121\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u65b9\u624d\u7c89\u788e\u4e86\u904e\u53bb\u8a8d\u70ba\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u5167\u7522\u751f\u7684\u9435\u5f8b\u3002150\u9918\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u88f4\u5fb7\u751f\uff08Charles Pedersen\uff09\u3001\u514b\u96f7\u59c6\uff08Donald Cram\uff09\u53ca\u96f7\u6069\uff08Jean-Marie Lehn\uff09\u7b49\u4e09\u4eba\u4ee5\u300c\u7687\u51a0\u919a\u300d\u5206\u5b50\uff08crown ethers\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u6a21\u64ec\u4eba\u9ad4\u5167\u9175\u7d20\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7372\u5f971987\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u638c\u63e1\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u51fa\u795e\u5165\u5316\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u7121\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6216\u662f\u751f\u547d\u9ad4\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u3002\u300d\u96f7\u6069\u6559\u6388\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b87\u5b99\u842c\u7269\u90fd\u662f\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u63ed\u958b\u4ee5\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u4e4b\u300c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\uff08supramolecular chemistry\uff09\u300d\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5927\u591a\u91dd\u5c0d\u5171\u50f9\u9375\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8207\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u5316\u5b78\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u9020\u5c31\u7a2e\u985e\u591a\u5982\u6046\u6cb3\u6c99\u6578\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u6709\u5225\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5b83\u66f4\u95dc\u6ce8\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u975e\u5171\u50f9\u9375\u300d\uff1b\u800c\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u68b0\uff08molecular machine\uff09\u5247\u662f\u5b83\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u91cd\u671b\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u90b1\u52dd\u8ce2\u6559\u6388\u5de7\u5999\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u5167\u9396\u7684\u5927\u74b0\u5206\u5b50\u300c\u8eca\u8f2a\u70f7\u300d\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rotaxane\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">rotaxane<\/span><\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u6578\u500b\u5927\u578b\u7684\u51a0\u919a\uff08crown ethers\uff09\u4e92\u76f8\u6263\u74b0\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u9178\u9e7c\u503c\u5e73\u8861\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5167\u9396\u7684\u5927\u74b0\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6703\u5728\u8eca\u8f2a\u70f7\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u8fa8\u8b58\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9593\u53cd\u8986\u9077\u79fb\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u958b\u95dc\u88dd\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u7a31\u4e4b\u300c\u5206\u5b50\u958b\u95dc\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u68b0\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u77da\u76ee\u7684\u8981\u89d2\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u6f5b\u529b\u7121\u9650<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6731\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6731\" style=\"width: 442px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Rotaxanes-synthesis-methods.png\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6731 \" title=\"Rotaxanes-synthesis-methods\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/Rotaxanes-synthesis-methods.png\" alt=\"\u8f2a\u70f7\" width=\"442\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/Rotaxanes-synthesis-methods.png 736w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/Rotaxanes-synthesis-methods-600x488.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6731\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u8f2a\u70f7\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u5716\u89e3\uff08\u8207\u4e0a\u5716\u7686\u4f86\u81ea\u82f1\u6587\u7dad\u57fa\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7576\u4eca\u79d1\u6280\u767c\u5c55\u83ab\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5948\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u70ba\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u517c\u5099\u53cd\u61c9\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u7cbe\u78ba\u6027\u53ca\u4f4e\u8017\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5fae\u6a5f\u96fb\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems, MEMS\uff09\u66f4\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684IC\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u671d\u8457\u8d85\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5316\u53ca\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5fae\u5c0f\u5316\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u8a18\u61b6\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5e45\u64f4\u589e\u3002\u800c\u8981\u8b93\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u96f6\u7d44\u4ef6\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7d44\u88dd\u65bc\u5fae\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u5668\u6750\u4e2d\uff0c\u5247\u9700\u4ef0\u8cf4\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u8755\u523b\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5149\u6e90\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u53ef\u898b\u5149\u3001\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\uff0c\u4e00\u8def\u9032\u6b65\u5230\u6ce2\u9577\u6975\u77ed\u7684X\u5149\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u5de5\u5177\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5143\u4ef6\u7531\u5927\u81f3\u5c0f\u7684\u7e2e\u5c0f\u5316\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4ecd\u820a\u9762\u81e8\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u7531\u5927\u7e2e\u5c0f\u7684\u963b\u7919\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u7531\u5c0f\u69cb\u7bc9\u5230\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\u5206\u5b50\u4e0d\u4f46\u5728\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u5948\u7c73\u898f\u683c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5177\u6709\u6578\u91cf\u773e\u591a\u7684\u512a\u52e2\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u5c07\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u7d55\u7684\u5149\u80fd\u3001\u96fb\u80fd\u6216\u5316\u5b78\u80fd\u4ee5\u6a5f\u68b0\u80fd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5948\u7c73\u6280\u8853\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5229\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u8cbb\u66fc\uff08Richard Phillips Feynman\uff09\u65e9\u5728\u897f\u51431959\u5e74\u5c31\u5df2\u9053\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7121\u7aae\u6f5b\u529b\uff1a\u300c\u82e5\u80fd\u4ee5\u5fae\u89c0\u689d\u4ef6\u64cd\u63a7\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6709\u9a5a\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u300d\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u7576\u6642\u5100\u5668\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u975e\u5171\u50f9\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4ecd\u76f8\u7576\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u6383\u63cf\u5f0f\u7a7f\u96a7\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u3001\u78c1\u529b\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u9678\u7e8c\u63a8\u51fa\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u975e\u5171\u50f9\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u624d\u80fd\u9806\u5229\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u65bc\u7109\u9806\u52e2\u5c55\u958b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u516d\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5de8\u74b0\u5316\u5b78\uff08macrocyclic chemistry\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee5\u5de8\u74b0\u5206\u5b50\u7576\u4f5c\u914d\u4f4d\u57fa\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8207\u91d1\u5c6c\u96e2\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u4e4b\u7279\u5b9a\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u7368\u7279\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u6211\u9032\u884c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u300d\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u7d93\u7531\u81ea\u6211\u7d44\u5408\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u7d44\u7e54\u67b6\u69cb\u8207\u8907\u88fd\u7b49\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u4f9d\u5e8f\u81ea\u4e3b\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u6210\u3002\u7279\u5225\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u7834\u58de\u5404\u7d44\u6210\u5206\u5b50\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u80fd\u5920\u540c\u6642\u64c1\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7d44\u6210\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5404\u9805\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5448\u73fe\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8207\u5ba2\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u85c9\u6b64\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u7576\u7684\u53d7\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u8207\u53d7\u8cea\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u88fd\u5099\u5b54\u5f91\u543b\u5408\u6216\u4e92\u70ba\u5c0d\u638c\u6027\u69cb\u578b\u4e4b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u975c\u96fb\u529b\u3001\u6c2b\u9375\u3001\u03c0-\u03c0\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u3001\u91d1\u5c6c\u5c0d\u914d\u4f4d\u57fa\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u7b49\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u5206\u5b50\u57fa\u5718\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u7372\u5f97\u7279\u5b9a\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u96f7\u6069\u6559\u6388\u5c0d\u4e5f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u5bc4\u4e88\u539a\u671b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u4f86\u69cb\u9020\u66f4\u70ba\u5fa9\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5916\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u5f62\u614b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u8207\u4e16\u4eba\u898b\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u5b50\u6a5f\u68b0 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style=\"color: #333333;\">\u672c\u6587\u70ba\u63a2\u7d22\u8b1b\u5ea7\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/molecules\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u6f2b\u904a\u5206\u5b50\u5947\u5883\u2027\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u4e0d\u601d\u8b70\u570b\u5ea6<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u8b1b\u7279\u7a3f<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aMissZoe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 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