{"id":6119,"date":"2010-11-16T17:42:20","date_gmt":"2010-11-16T09:42:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=6119"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:20:51","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:20:51","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e5%a5%87%e5%a2%83%e3%80%91%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e5%ad%97%e7%8b%82%e6%83%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=6119","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5316\u5b78\u5947\u5883\u3011\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u72c2\u60f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_6121\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6121\" style=\"width: 344px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/hobo_pd\/363329081\/\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6121\" title=\"kanji_jin\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/kanji_jin.jpg\" alt=\"kanji_jin\" width=\"344\" height=\"448\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6121\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u91d1\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u65e9\u5c31\u70ba\u6f22\u8a9e\u6240\u547d\u540d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u25a0 \u4f60\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u904e\u5982\u679c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u547d\u540d\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u9020\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5b57\u88e1\u5c0b\u627e\u9748\u611f\uff0c\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u5e73\u884c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5617\u8a66---\u6f22\u8a9e\u6700\u7d42\u4ee5\u5f62\u8072\u5b57\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u6709\u539f\u56e0\u7684\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587<\/strong> \u2223 \u6797\u66f8\u7464\u3001\u5f35\u8335\u60e0<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6587\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u5b57\u901a\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u516d\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u5f62\u8072\u300d\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5f62\u8072\u5b57\u300c\u5f62\u300d\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u300c\u8072\u300d\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u964c\u751f\u53c8\u8f15\u98c4\u98c4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u59a8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6c2b\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u860a\u542b\u4e86\u6b64\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff08\u662f\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u500b\u6c14\u5b57\u982d\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u860a\u542b\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff08\u5de0\u8072\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u600e\u9ebc\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u90e8\u9996\u6240\u4ee5\u7121\u5f9e\u67e5\u8d77\uff1f\u767c\u63ee\u9ede\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u300e\u5ddd\u90e8\u300f\u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u610f\u70ba\u6c34\u8108\uff1b\u97f3\u540c\u3110\u3127\u3125\uff0c\u962e\u7d93\u5929\u90a3\u500b\u7d93\uff09\u3002<span style=\"color: #808080;\">[\u8a3b1]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e2d\u6587\u8207\u62fc\u97f3\u6587\u5b57\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u55ae\u97f3\u7368\u9ad4\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u540c\u6642\u5177\u5099\u8868\u9054\u300c\u610f\u7fa9\u300d\u8ddf\u300c\u8072\u97f3\u300d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u3002<\/span>[\u8a3b2]<\/span> \u9019\u9ede\u5f9e\u8a31\u614e\u7684\u516d\u66f8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4f86\uff1a\u8c61\u5f62\u3001\u6307\u4e8b\u3001\u6703\u610f\u3001\u5f62\u8072\u3001\u8f49\u6ce8\u3001\u5047\u501f\uff0c\u662f\u516d\u7a2e\u6587\u5b57\u88ab\u5275\u9020\u8ddf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u300c\u5f62\u8072\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u3002\u4f46\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5011\u7684\u91cd\u9ede\u4e0d\u662f\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u66ab\u4e14\u63d0\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u4f86\u8b1b\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5143\u7d20\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7269\u8cea\u7531\u5206\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5247\u662f\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u7a2e\u985e\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u6709\u5176\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e14\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4e5f\u6703\u56e0\u9375\u7d50\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ca\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u7522\u751f\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u5408\u5f8b\u5c31\u50cf\u62fc\u97f3\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u55ae\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62fc\u97f3\u65b9\u5f0f\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7fa9\u8207\u767c\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e2d\u6587\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u865f\u7686\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5176\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u7686\u6709\u5176\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ef\u85c9\u5176\u7b26\u865f\u5224\u65b7\u51fa\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u8a9e\u8a00\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u5099\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6b66\u65b7\u6027\uff08arbitrariness\uff09\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u7528\u9019\u5957\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0d\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u4f86\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4e0d\u898b\u5f97\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9053\u7406\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u7b46\u756b\u6216\u90e8\u9996\u4f86\u547d\u540d\u5143\u7d20\u7b26\u865f\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u4f86\u4ee3\u8868\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u5b57\u578b\u7d50\u69cb\u8c61\u5fb5\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5316\u5408\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e5f\u80fd\u7d93\u7531\u5c0d\u65bc\u6210\u8a9e\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\uff0c\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e14\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u52d5\u52d5\u8166\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7528\u5f62\u8072\u8207\u8b6f\u97f3\u4f86\u547d\u540d\u5143\u7d20\u53ca\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6307\u4e8b\u8207\u6703\u610f\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u5b50\uff1f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9019\u6a23\uff08\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u773e\u591a\u5e73\u884c\u4e16\u754c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u800c\u5df2\uff01\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u2032\u3011\u6216\u3010\u2035\u3011\uff1a<\/strong>\u6c2b\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u70ba1\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u5143\u7d20\u9031\u671f\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u8f15\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7576\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7b46\u756b\u300c\u2032\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u2035\u300d\u547d\u540d\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u53e3\u3011\uff1a<\/strong>\u6c27\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u70ba8\uff0c\u56e0\u4eba\u985e\u85c9\u7531\u53e3\u9f3b\u547c\u5438\u6c27\u6c23\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u53e3\u4e4b\u5f62\u614b\u70ba\u5176\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u6728\u3011\uff1a<\/strong>\u78b3\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u70ba6\uff0c\u78b3\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u300c\u7164\u70ad\u300d\uff0c\u5a92\u70ad\u662f\u9060\u53e4\u690d\u7269\u8207\u6a39\u6728\u7684\u5316\u77f3\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u6728\u70ba\u5176\u7b26\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u571f\u3011\uff1a<\/strong>\u6c2e\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u70ba7\uff0c\u70ba\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u60f0\u6027\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u65bc\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u300c\u571f\u300d\u5b57\u5177\u6709\u300c\u9589\u585e\u4e0d\u901a\u300d\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u571f\u547d\u540d\u6c2e\uff0c\u8c61\u5fb5\u5176\u4e0d\u6613\u7522\u751f\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u4e4b\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u547d\u540d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f86\u9010\u5b57\u63a8\u6572\uff0c\u7576\u539f\u5b50\u7d44\u5408\u6210\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7b46\u756b\u8207\u90e8\u9996\u7d50\u5408\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u5316\u5b78\u5f0f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u88e1\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u6210\u8a9e\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6124\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6124\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6124\" title=\"Tree\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Tree.gif\" alt=\"Tree\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6124\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a\u4e0a\u70ba\u610f\u6307\uff0c\u4e0b\u70ba\u610f\u7b26\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u516b\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u6c2b\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u5169\u500b\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u2032\u300d\u300c\u2035\u300d\u9375\u7d50\u800c\u6210\u300c\u516b\u300d\u3002\u6c2b\u6c23\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u8272\u7121\u5473\u3001\u8cea\u91cf\u5f88\u8f15\u7684\u6613\u71c3\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u516b<\/strong>\u9762\u73b2\u74cf\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u6c2b\u6c23\u6703\u8207\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7d44\u6210\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u6c2b\u96e2\u5b50\u4ea6\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u8a31\u591a\u7269\u8cea\u4e2d\uff0c\u6545\u5e38\u7528\u4ee5\u6bd4\u55bb\u505a\u4eba\u8655\u4e8b\u5713\u6ed1\u3001\u9762\u9762\u4ff1\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u516b<\/strong>\u7aff\u5b50\u6253\u4e0d\u8457\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u6c2b\u6c23\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c23\u8f15\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u5e38\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u65bc\u7a7a\u98c4\u6c23\u7403\u8207\u98db\u884c\u8239\u4e2d\u3002\u6c2b\u6c23\u7403\u7684\u7a7a\u98c4\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u62ff\u4e86\u7aff\u5b50\u4e5f\u6253\u4e0d\u8457\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u773c\u775c\u775c\u770b\u8457\u5b83\u8d8a\u98db\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u65e5\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u6c27\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u5169\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u9375\u7d50\u800c\u6210\u300c\u65e5\u300d\uff0c\u5e38\u6eab\u5e38\u58d3\u4e0b\u70ba\u7121\u8272\u7121\u5473\u7121\u81ed\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002\u6c27\u6c23\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8207\u5176\u5b83\u5143\u7d20\u5f62\u6210\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u4f54\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c23\u9ad4\u7a4d\u76841\/5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u65e5<\/strong>\u8584\u897f\u5c71\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u5927\u6c23\u5c64\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6d77\u62d4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u7a00\u8584\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u542b\u6c27\u91cf\u4e5f\u6703\u96a8\u4e4b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u65e5\u8584\u897f\u5c71\u6307\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u9ad8\u5c71\u6c27\u6c23\u6bd4\u8f03\u7a00\u8584\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u65e5<\/strong>\u7406\u842c\u6a5f\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u6c27\u6c23\u662f\u7d30\u80de\uff08\u6709\u6c27\uff09\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u85c9\u7531\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u7522\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u69cb\u6210\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4ea6\u542b\u6709\u6c27\uff0c\u6545\u6c27\u6c23\u8981\u8ca0\u8cac\u8655\u7406\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u842c\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u5316\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u614b\u5708\u4e2d\u7684\u6c27\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31\u65e5\u7406\u842c\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u53ea\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u548c\u5169\u500b\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u2032\u300d\u300c\u2035\u300d\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u6c34\u662f\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5e38\u6eab\u5e38\u58d3\u4e0b\u70ba\u7121\u8272\u7121\u5473\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u5929\u4e0b\u7121\u96e3\u4e8b\uff0c<strong>\u53ea<\/strong>\u6015\u6709\u5fc3\u4eba\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u5929\u4e0b\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u96e3\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u6709\u4eba\u523b\u610f\u7834\u58de\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c34\u662f\u751f\u7269\u8cf4\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u672c\u53e5\u6210\u8a9e\u4ea6\u53ef\u7528\u4f86\u547c\u7c72\u6cb3\u5ddd\u4fdd\u80b2\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u53ea<\/strong>\u8981\u529f\u592b\u6df1\uff0c\u9435\u6775\u78e8\u6210\u7e61\u82b1\u91dd\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u5f62\u5bb9\u6c34\u7684\u4fb5\u8755\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u5f37\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u9435\u6775\u6c96\u5237\u6210\u7e61\u82b1\u91dd\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6127\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6127\" style=\"width: 269px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mshades\/67464818\/in\/photostream\/\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6127 \" title=\"MShades@flickr\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/MShades@flickr.jpg\" alt=\"MShades@flickr\" width=\"269\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u8d70\u5165\u4e86\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8ff7\u5bae\u88e1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u6773\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u6728\u300d\u8207\u5169\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u5e38\u6eab\u5e38\u58d3\u4e0b\u70ba\u7121\u8272\u7121\u5473\u3001\u4e0d\u52a9\u71c3\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u71c3\u4e4b\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u6773<\/strong>\u5982\u9ec3\u9db4\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u56fa\u9ad4\u72c0\u614b\u662f\u4e7e\u51b0\uff0c\u4e7e\u51b0\u5728\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e0b\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u5347\u83ef\u70ba\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5192\u51fa\u7e37\u7e37\u767d\u7159\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u98c4\u7136\u98db\u53bb\u7684\u9ec3\u9db4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u6773<\/strong>\u7121\u4eba\u70df\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5438\u6536\u592a\u967d\u8f3b\u5c04\u8207\u5730\u9762\u8f3b\u5c04\uff0c\u5c07\u5730\u8868\u7684\u71b1\u91cf\u5c01\u9396\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5927\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6fc3\u5ea6\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u7684\u71b1\u91cf\u5c07\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u96e3\u767c\u6563\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e73\u5747\u6c23\u6eab\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u3002\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6696\u5316\uff0c\u751f\u614b\u53d7\u5230\u7834\u58de\u3002\u6773\u7121\u4eba\u70df\u4e43\u8a87\u5f35\u5f62\u5bb9\u6eab\u5ba4\u6548\u61c9\u7d42\u5c07\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u60e1\u679c\u2500\u2500\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8870\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5446\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u6728\u300d\u8207\u4e00\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u542b\u78b3\u7269\u8cea\u5728\u71c3\u71d2\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5c0d\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u7684\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u6c27\u5c0d\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u7684\u89aa\u548c\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6fc3\u5ea6\u904e\u9ad8\u6642\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d6\u4ee3\u6c27\u6c23\u8207\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4eba\u9ad4\u7f3a\u6c27\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u5446<\/strong>\u82e5\u6728\u96de\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff1a\u808c\u8089\u7671\u8edf\u7121\u529b\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u884c\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u5446<\/strong>\u982d\u5446\u8166\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u5f62\u5bb9\u56b4\u91cd\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff1a\u7cbe\u795e\u932f\u4e82\u3001\u55aa\u5931\u610f\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5410\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u571f\u300d\u8207\u4e00\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u7d50\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u5728\u5e38\u6eab\u5e38\u58d3\u4e0b\u70ba\u7121\u8272\u6c23\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong>\u5410<\/strong>\u6545\u7d0d\u65b0\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u9ad4\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u662f\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u8a0a\u865f\u50b3\u5c0e\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8a0a\u865f\u56e0\u5b50\uff08Signaling Molecular\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u4f7f\u8840\u7ba1\u6709\u6548\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u5168\u8eab\u8840\u6db2\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u7dad\u8b77\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u6e05\u6f54\u8207\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7b26\u865f\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u8005\u7d22\u7dd2\u723e\uff08Ferdinand de saussure\uff09\u5c07\u8a9e\u8a00\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u610f\u7b26\uff08Signifier\uff09\u548c\u610f\u6307\uff08Signified\uff09\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u9023\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u5011\u60f3\u50cf\u4e2d\u90a3\u9ebc\u5f37\u70c8\uff0c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u662f\u6b66\u65b7\u7684<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u3002<\/span>\uff3b\u8a3b3\uff3d<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u540c\u610f\u7b26\u865f\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8a2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc<\/span><\/span>\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7b26\u865f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8c61\u5fb5\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u8c61\u5fb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e36\u4f86\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u610f\u7fa9\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u6216\u89e3\u69cb\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e2d\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u5957\u4ee5\u65e2\u5b58\u7684\u6f22\u5b57\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b57\u5b78\u898f\u5247\u547d\u540d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u8afa\u8a9e\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5165\u9580\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u6dfb\u4e9b\u8a31\u6a02\u8da3\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5b8c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u72c2\u60f3\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8b93\u4f60\u89ba\u5f97\u66f4\u6df7\u4e82\u7684\u8a71\u2026\u90a3\u5c31\u9084\u662f\u80cc\u8aa6\u539f\u4f86\u90a3\u4e00\u5957\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n<p>?<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">1. \u300a\u5ee3\u97fb\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u76f4\u6ce2\u70ba\u5de0\uff0c\u8aaa\u6587\u66f0\u6c34\u8108\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<br \/>\n2.? \u4e2d\u6587\uff08\u6f22\u8a9e\uff09\u986f\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u62fc\u97f3\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8c61\u5f62\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u6f22\u8a9e\u5230\u5e95\u300c\u662f\u300d\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u6f22\u8a9e\u662f\u300c\u610f\u97f3\u6587\u5b57\u300d\uff08logogram\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u57fa\u9032\u5730\u8a8d\u70ba\u897f\u65b9\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u985e\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6f22\u8a9e\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6574\u7406\u53ef\u53c3\u898b\u6b64\u7bc7\u5c08\u6587<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com.tw\/books?id=L8iIZTTIV8sC&amp;printsec=frontcover\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u3008\u5b57\u672c\u4f4d\uff1a\u6f22\u5b57\u6027\u8cea\u7814\u7a76\u3009\u300a\u8015\u8028\u96c6\u2027\u6f22\u8a9e\u7d93\u5178\u8ad6\u7c4d\u300b<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u3002<br \/>\n3.? \u898bCharles Bally\u8207Albert Sechehaye\u7de8\u8457\u7684\u7d22\u7dd2\u723e\u8b1b\u7a3f\u96c6\u300a\u666e\u901a\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300b\uff08<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/linguistics-Sechehaye-collaboration-Reidlinger-translated\/dp\/B0007K4L44\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><em>Cours de linguistique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/em><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh\/%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u7dad\u57fa\u4e0a\u7684\u516d\u66f8<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u3001<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com.tw\/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;ved=0CBcQFjAA&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinology.org%2Fdownload%2Fstudy%2Fstudy_sub01%2F03ci_01-20-%25ED%2583%2595%25EC%25A0%2595%25EC%25A7%2580.doc&amp;ei=nEniTIKnJ5GiuQPlh5XwDg&amp;usg=AFQjCNHes-eu_c2WkQmOkkx0hn1aCZpV5A&amp;sig2=zQVd58s5CMmHRSRhcVpfpg\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u570b\u5167\u6f22\u8a9e\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u56de\u9867\u8207\u5c55\u671b<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\uff08\u6e6f\u5ef7\u6c60\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6797\u66f8\u7464\u70ba\u6587\u5316\u7522\u696d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\uff1b\u5f35\u8335\u60e0\u70baCASE PRESS\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u65b0\u805e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 \u4f60\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u904e\u5982\u679c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u547d\u540d\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u9020\u5b57<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,449],"tags":[2247,84,451,81,71],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6119"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6966,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6119\/revisions\/6966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}