{"id":5891,"date":"2010-11-02T11:45:11","date_gmt":"2010-11-02T03:45:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=5891"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:21:14","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:21:14","slug":"%e3%80%90%e4%ba%ba%e9%a1%9e%e7%a4%be%e6%9c%83%e3%80%91%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e6%bc%94%e9%80%b2%e7%b7%a9%e6%85%a2%ef%bc%8c%e5%b4%a9%e6%bd%b0%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=5891","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u3011\u6587\u5316\u6f14\u9032\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u5d29\u6f70\u5feb\u901f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u25a0 \u5357\u5cf6\u8a9e\u65cf\u5728\u5cf6\u8207\u5cf6\u9593\u7684\u9077\u5f99\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5c64\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u9748\u611f\u7121\u7aae\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u6700\u8fd1\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u4fbf\u7a81\u767c\u5947\u60f3\uff0c\u7528\u5357\u5cf6\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u8003\u53e4\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u985e\u653f\u6cbb\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6\u7684\u6f14\u9032\u6b77\u53f2\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5893\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5893\" style=\"width: 717px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5893 \" title=\"Barong dance. Ubud, Bali Indonesia 2010\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/mikaku@flickr.jpg\" alt=\"Barong dance. Ubud, Bali Indonesia 2010\" width=\"717\" height=\"460\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5893\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5c9c\u91cc\u5cf6\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u4e5f\u662f\u5357\u5cf6\u8a9e\u65cf\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u3002\u5716\u70ba\u5176\u50b3\u7d71\u821e\u8e48Barong\u821e\uff0cBarong\u70ba\u50b3\u8aaa\u4e2d\u4e4b\u795e\u7378\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f<\/strong> \u2223 Gerda<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u53ef\u80fd\u8f49\u773c\u5d29\u6f70\u2014\u6709\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u722d\u8b70\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u5982\u6b64\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u7814\u7a76\u5316\u77f3\u8ddf\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u6539\u7814\u7a76\u8003\u53e4\u8a18\u9304\u53ca\u8a9e\u8a00\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5cf6\u5dbc\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7d50\u69cb\u6f14\u5316\u6a39\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u65bc\u4eca\u5e74\u5341\u6708\u5341\u4e09\u65e5\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\uff0c\u610f\u5728\u95e1\u660e\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u53ca\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u722d\u8b70\u4e0d\u4f11\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u7a76\u7adf\u793e\u6703\u662f\u6f38\u6f38\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u5915\u4e4b\u9593\u76db\u653e\uff1f\u800c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6d88\u5931\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5faa\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u502b\u6566\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8005\u5c45\u79ae\uff08Thomas Currie\uff09\u548c\u6885\u601d\uff08Ruth Mace\uff09\u662f\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u81ea\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u51b0\u6cb3\u671f\u7d50\u675f\u4ee5\u4f86\u8907\u96dc\u793e\u6703\u7684\u6f14\u9032\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u5927\u591a\u672a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u8b49\u64da\u4f50\u8b49\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u7d71\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7406\u8ad6\u5927\u591a\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u51b0\u6cb3\u671f\u5f8c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8907\u96dc\u6f14\u9032\uff08\u4ee3\u8868\u5fb5\u8c61\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5206\u5316\uff09\u7de9\u6162\u4f46\u78ba\u5b9a\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6a5f\u68b0\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u89aa\u8fd1\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\uff08bands\uff09\uff1b\u63a5\u8457\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u8f03\u5927\u4f46\u4ecd\u70ba\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u90e8\u65cf\uff08tribes\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u968e\u5c64\uff1b\u7136\u5f8c\u532f\u805a\u70ba\u6709\u4e16\u8972\u9818\u8896\u7684\u914b\u90a6\uff08chiefdoms\uff09\uff1b\u914b\u90a6\u518d\u8b8a\u6210\u570b\u5bb6\uff08states\uff09\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u8207\u884c\u653f\u9ad4\u7cfb\u65bc\u7109\u7522\u751f\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u6d41\u65bc\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6f14\u9032\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u5de5\u6574\u5730\u5f9e\u4f4e\u5ea6\u8907\u96dc\u5230\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3002\u90e8\u843d\u3001\u914b\u90a6\u548c\u570b\u5bb6\u5404\u81ea\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8ecc\u8de1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u4e00\u767c\u5c55\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u6279\u8a55\u8005\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5f9e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8907\u96dc\u8b8a\u6210\u4f4e\u5ea6\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u50be\u5411\u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8003\u53e4\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u5247\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u722d\u8b70\u66f4\u96e3\u6709\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u300c\u65e2\u7136\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u8cc7\u6599\u5806\u8d77\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u6a39\uff08phylogenetic trees\uff09\u9a57\u8b49\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6700\u8fd1\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u6587\u5316\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f86\u9a57\u8b49\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6f14\u9032\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5897\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5897\" style=\"width: 729px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5897 \" title=\"Malayo-Polynesian\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Malayo-Polynesian.svg.png\" alt=\"Malayo-Polynesian.svg\" width=\"729\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Malayo-Polynesian.svg.png 729w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/Malayo-Polynesian.svg-600x429.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 729px) 100vw, 729px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5897\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5357\u5cf6\u8a9e\u65cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u99ac\u4f86-\u73bb\u91cc\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u8a9e\u65cf\u7684\u5206\u4f48\u5716\u3002\uff08\u53d6\u81eawiki.en\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>?<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c07\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u653e\u5728\u5357\u5cf6\uff08Austronesia\uff09\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e94\u5343\u5169\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u96e2\u958b\u53f0\u7063\u524d\u5f80\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5404\u5cf6\u5dbc\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5927\u81f4\u5b9a\u5c45\u65bc\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u8ddf\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u7684\u90a3\u7fa4\u4eba\u7684\u7d71\u7a31\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5206\u4f48\u897f\u8d77\u99ac\u9054\u52a0\u65af\u52a0\uff0c\u6771\u5230\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u5cf6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5357\u5cf6\u5c45\u6c11\u5728\u5cf6\u8207\u5cf6\u4e4b\u9593\u9077\u5f99\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e00\u518d\u5206\u5316\uff0c\u7d42\u81f3\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u4eca\u5929\u5177\u6709\u7576\u5730\u7279\u8272\u7684\u6a21\u6a23\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u6bd4\u8f03\u9019\u4e9b\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5df2\u7d93\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u9019\u4e9b\u5cf6\u5dbc\u5c45\u6c11\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\u7684\u5148\u5f8c\u9806\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u6a39\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8d85\u904e84\u500b\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u5c45\u79ae\u548c\u6885\u601d\u5c64\u758a\u6709\u95dc\u9019\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u8003\u53e4\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u5d29\u58de\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u6234\u8499\uff08Jared Diamond\uff09\u5728\u8a55\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u7d2f\u8a08\u7d93\u6b77\u53ef\u89c0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u5316\u5f8c\u5f15\u8d77\u6574\u9ad4\u653f\u6cbb\u7d44\u7e54\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7576\u4ed6\u5011\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7dda\u6027\u8207\u968e\u68af\u5f0f\u3001\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u8207\u6025\u50be\uff09\u6bd4\u8f03\u5f9e\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u6a39\u4e0a\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5206\u652f\u6642\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u8f03\u63a5\u8fd1\u7dda\u6027\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u4e00\u9ede\u4e00\u6ef4\u7de9\u6162\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e0d\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u8af8\u5982\u5f9e\u90e8\u65cf\u5ffd\u800c\u8b8a\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u5927\u8df3\u8e8d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u300c\u5c31\u96fb\u8166\u6a21\u578b\u5167\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72c0\u614b\uff08design space\uff09\u89c0\u4e4b\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6f14\u9032\u8207\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u7de9\u6b65\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u5ffd\u7136\u8e8d\u9032\u3002\u300d\u6885\u601d\u8207\u5c45\u79ae\u5beb\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u986f\u793a\u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u5411\u524d\u9081\u9032\u300d\u9019\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u793e\u6703\u5927\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7136\u5d29\u58de\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u793e\u6703\u662f\u8d70\u56de\u982d\u8def\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u9069\u7528\u5faa\u5e8f\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6234\u8499\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u5fc5\u7136\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u5206\u985e\uff0c\u628a\u8a31\u591a\u5fae\u7d30\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5340\u5225\u7c21\u5316\u70ba\u56db\u7a2e\u968e\u5c64\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u628a\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e3b\u610f\u5012\u662f\u633a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6309\u7167\u6234\u8499\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f03\u5e38\u7528\u91dd\u5c0d\u300c\u500b\u6848\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u300d\u4f86\u8a6e\u91cb\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u5c11\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6848\u4f8b\u9593\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u8a73\u76e1\u8abf\u67e5\u5247\u662f\u66f4\u5c11\u3002\u300c\u6211\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u61c9\u662f---\u9019\u9ebc\u597d\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u600e\u9ebc\u90fd\u6c92\u4eba\u60f3\u5230\u904e\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6587\u5316\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u6a39\u6216\u8a31\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u975e\u6d32\u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u6642\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u90a3\u88e1\u8a9e\u8a00\u5206\u6b67\u4e14\u653f\u6cbb\u6b77\u53f2\u6975\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u6216\u4e2d\u4e9e\u9019\u7a2e\u5927\u591a\u6578\u8a9e\u8a00\u5df2\u7d93\u6ec5\u7d55\u4e14\u6587\u5316\u6df7\u540c\u70ba\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6311\u6230\u53ef\u5c31\u5927\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>?<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v467\/n7317\/full\/nature09461.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Rise and fall of political complexity in island South-East Asia and the Pacific<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\uff08<em>Nature<\/em>\uff09<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366;\"><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aMissZoe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 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