{"id":578,"date":"2009-10-29T15:01:50","date_gmt":"2009-10-29T07:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=578"},"modified":"2017-06-16T11:19:21","modified_gmt":"2017-06-16T03:19:21","slug":"%e9%81%94%e7%88%be%e6%96%87%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%88%e4%ba%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=578","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u638c\u6545\u3011\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u6708\u4eae"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587<\/strong> \u2223 \u738b\u9053\u9084<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u81ea\u53e4\u5c0d\u65bc\u6708\u4eae\u5c31\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u76c8\u8667\u4f86\u8a18\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u76c8\u8667\u4f86\u6bd4\u64ec\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u6ec4\u6851\u3002\u6708\u6709\u9670\u6674\u5713\u7f3a\uff0c\u4eba\u6709\u60b2\u6b61\u96e2\u5408\uff1b\u8ab0\u8aaa\u4e0d\u662f\u5462\uff1f\u96e3\u602a\u674e\u767d\u8981\u8209\u676f\u9080\u6708\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u6b4c\u6708\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u6211\u821e\u5f71\u51cc\u4e82\u300d\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u300c\u5929\u4e0a\u6708\u5713\uff0c\u4eba\u9593\u6708\u534a\u300d\uff0c\u6708\u4eae\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u5f9e\u672a\u9762\u5c0d\u4eba\u9593\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-595 alignnone\" title=\"Alfred_Russel_Wallace\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/Alfred_Russel_Wallace_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_14558.jpg\" alt=\"Alfred_Russel_Wallace\" width=\"214\" height=\"340\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-596\" title=\"615px-Wallace_frog\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/615px-Wallace_frog.jpg\" alt=\"615px-Wallace_frog\" width=\"351\" height=\"340\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5de6\u5716\uff1a\u82f1\u570b\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\uff1b\u53f3\u5716\uff1a\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u4e4b\u86d9\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u51761869\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u8457\u4f5c\u300a<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/The_Malay_Archipelago\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Malay Archipelago<\/a>\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u9054\u723e\u6587\u8207\u83ef\u840a\u58eb<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5929\u64c7\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u9054\u723e\u6587\u767c\u660e\u5929\u64c7\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u70ba\u751f\u547d\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u5275\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u53f2\u7a31\u300c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u9769\u547d\u300d\u3002\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u90fd\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4e7e\u71e5\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u7f3a\u5c11\u8840\u8089\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u512a\u9ede\uff1a\u5b83\u8981\u8a00\u4e0d\u7169\u3001\u7c21\u660e\u76f4\u622a\u3001\u7121\u53ef\u63a8\u59d4\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e26\u5df2\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u6587\u5b57\uff0c \u5ee3\u70ba\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c0d\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u52f3\u696d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u8aaa\u4e0a\u5169\u53e5\u3002\u300c\u541b\u5b50\u75be\u6c92\u4e16\u800c\u540d\u4e0d\u7a31\u300d\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u7121\u61be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u516c\u958b \u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5ba3\u5e03\u5929\u64c7\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u9054\u723e\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\uff08Alfred R. Wallace, 1823-1913\uff09\u3002\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u5176\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e0d\u591a\uff1b\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u58a8\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u7d20\uff08\u901f\uff09\u63cf\u3002\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u8ad6\u53f2 \u4e0a\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u662f\u500b\u300c\u50ac\u751f\u300d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u50ac\u4fc3\u9054\u723e\u6587\u751f\u7522\u65e5\u5f8c\u7576\u9078\u300c\u6539\u8b8a\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u66f8\u300d\u7684\u300a\u7269\u7a2e\u539f\u59cb\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\u300a\u7269\u7a2e\u539f\u59cb\u8ad6\u300b\u554f\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u61c9\u4e86\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u8a71\uff1a\u904e\u6cb3\u62c6\u6a4b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u9694\u5e7e\u5e74\u7e3d\u6709\u4eba\u6518\u8882\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u70ba\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u6253\u62b1\u4e0d\u5e73\uff0c\u8981\u7cfe\u6b63\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\uff1f<!--more--><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u8207\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u5f9e1858\u5e74\u8ac7\u8d77\u5427\uff01\u9019\u5e74\uff0c\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u5230\u99ac\u4f86\u7fa4\u5cf6\u5feb\u8981\u56db\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u63a1\u96c6\u751f\u7269\u6a19\u672c\u662f\u4ed6\u8cf4\u4ee5\u7dad\u751f\u7684\u884c\u7576\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u7bb1\u7bb1\u5730\u628a\u63a1\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u7532\u87f2\u3001\u8774\u8776\u3001\u525d\u88fd\u597d\u7684\u9ce5\u985e\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u5bc4\u56de\u502b\u6566\u7d66\u4e00\u4f4d\u751f\u7269\u6a19\u672c\u7d93\u7d00\u4eba\uff0c\u9019\u4eba\u8b93\u4ed6\u9810\u652f\u4e86\u6b3e\u5b50\u53bb\u300c\u63a2\u96aa\u300d\u7684\u3002\u7d93\u7d00\u4eba\u51fa\u552e\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u672c\u5f8c\u518d\u5206\u6f64\u4ed6\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e26\u4e0d\u597d\u505a\u3002\u4ee5\u7532\u87f2\u4f86\u8aaa\u5427\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u7bb1\u5f97\u88dd\u4e0a\u4e00\u5343\u96bb\uff0c\u9084\u5f97 \u4e00\u4e00\u6a19\u660e\u63a1\u96c6\u5730\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u6708\u4ed6\u5230\u9054\u9999\u6599\u7fa4\u5cf6\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5167\u5cf6\uff08Ternate Island\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u91cc\u4f2f\u65af\u6771\u65b9\u3001\u65b0\u5e7e\u5167\u4e9e\u897f\u5317\u65b9\uff09\u3002\u627e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u4f9b\u65e5\u5f8c\u6578\u5e74\u5c45\u505c\u3001\u6574\u7406\u6a19\u672c\u7684\u8655\u6240\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5230\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5cf6\u5dbc\u63a2\u8a2a\u63a1\u96c6\u3002\u9014\u4e2d\u7627\u75be\u767c\u4f5c\uff0c\u65bc\u4e8c\u6708\u5e95\u56de\u5230\u7279\u5167\u5cf6\u4f11\u990a\u3002\u6bcf\u5929\u5bd2\u71b1\u4ea4\u7e8f\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u81e5\u5e8a\u51a5\u601d\u3002\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u604d\u60da\u60a0\u95c7\u7684\u601d\u7d6e\u88e1\uff0c\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u96fb\u5149\u77f3\u706b\u822c\u9583\u904e\u8166\u6d77\uff0c\u773c\u524d\u67f3\u6697\u82b1\u660e\uff0c\u300c\u7269\u7a2e\u8b8a\u5316\u300d \u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u8c41\u7136\u958b\u6717\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af\u7684\u66f8\u4ed6\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u65e9\u5df2\u8b80\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u5152\u8b93\u4ed6\u7522\u751f\u611f\u89f8\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u91ce\u883b\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eba \u53e3\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u589e\u9577\u7387\u300d\u662f\u5e7e\u4f55\u7d1a\u6578\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u8aaa\u660e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u4e0d\u6587\u660e\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u7a2e\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6210\u9577\u7684\u8de1\u8c61\u3002\u6839\u64da\u4ed6\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u6230\u722d\u3001\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u9951\u9949\u3001\u707d\u5bb3\u300d\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7b9d\u5236\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6210\u9577\u3002\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7acb\u523b\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u7684\u7b9d\u5236\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u751f\u7269\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8981\u53d7\u74b0\u5883\u7b9d\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7531\u751f\u7406\u6027\u56e0\u7d20(\u5982\u751f\u6b96\u529b)\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7981\u5f97\u8d77\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8003\u9a57\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u9593\u7e3d\u6709\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u9069\u61c9\u74b0\u5883\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u5316\uff09\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u74b0\u5883\u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u9069\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u5f88\u5feb\u906d\u5230\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002\u800c\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u53c8\u6703\u518d\u7e41\u6b96\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u540c\u6a23\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8003\u9a57\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u8457\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u539f\u5148\u7684\u6bcd\u7fa4\u5728\u5f62\u614b\u4e0a\u767c\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff1b\u65b0\u7a2e\u65bc\u662f\u8a95\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6574\u500b\u8ad6\u8b49\u4e2d\u6f5b\u4f0f\u8457\u840a\u723e\u300a\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u300b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c0\u5ff5\uff1a\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8868\u9762\u81ea\u53e4\u5c31\u56e0\u5404\u7a2e\u5730\u8cea\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u8b8a\u52d5\u4e0d\u5c45\u3002\u751f\u7269\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u6642\u6642\u8b8a\u52d5\uff1b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u662f\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u3002\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u65af\u8b93\u4ed6\u60f3\u5230\u9069\u61c9\u8207\u751f\u5b58\u3001\u7e41\u6b96\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4e00\u7fa4\u500b\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u500b\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u751f\u990a\u773e\u591a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9053\u7406\u7684\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53ea\u662f\u5e78\u904b\u7f77\u4e86\u300d\u3002\u5426\u5247\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\u89e3\u91cb\u666e\u904d\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u9069\u61c9\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u6674\u5929\u9739\u9742<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u6c92\u6709\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u75c5\u9ad4\u521d\u7652\u5373\u52d5\u7b46\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u7b46\u7c21\u6de8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5230\u56db\u5343\u5b57\u4fbf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u7bc7\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u5bc4\u7d66\u9054\u723e\u6587\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u9054\u723e\u6587\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u300c\u5275\u898b\u300d\u3002\u8981\u662f\u9054\u723e\u6587\u8a8d\u70ba\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u8acb\u8f49\u4ea4\u840a\u723e\u904e\u76ee\u3002\u4e09\u6708\u4e5d\u865f\uff0c\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u5148\u9001\u4e0a\u4e00\u8258\u8377\u862d\u8239\u5e36\u5230\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\uff0c\u518d\u8d8a\u6d0b\u9001\u56de\u82f1\u570b\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u5fa9\u539f\uff0c\u5373\u52d5\u8eab\u5230\u65b0\u5e7e\u5167\u4e9e\u3002 \u4ed6\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u767b\u4e0a\u65b0\u5e7e\u5167\u4e9e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u4ed6\u505c\u7559\u5230\u516b\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_603\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-603\" style=\"width: 386px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-603\" title=\"Darwin\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/Charles_Darwin_by_Julia_Margaret_Cameron.jpg\" alt=\"Darwin\" width=\"386\" height=\"480\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-603\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff08\u651d\u5f71\uff0fJulia Margaret Cameron\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u516d\u6708\u5341\u516b\u65e5\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u6536\u5230\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7684\u300c\u539a\u300d\u4fe1\u3002\u4ed6\u6b63\u70ba\u8457\u6751\u88e1\u6d41\u884c\u7329\u7d05\u71b1\uff0c\u5bb6\u88e1\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u611f\u67d3\u800c\u6182\u7169\u3002\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u5c0d\u9054\u723e\u6587\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u557b\u6674\u5929\u9739\u9742\u3002 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Gray, 1810-1888\u5e74)\uff0c\u7c21\u8981\u5730\u6558\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u840a\u723e\u8207\u864e\u514b\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff1a\u9054\u723e\u65871844\u5e74\u624b\u7a3f\u7684\u6458\u9304\u3001\u4ed6\u5beb\u7d66\u845b\u96f7\u7684\u4fe1\u7684\u6458\u9304\u8207\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u4e00\u4f75\u767c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u767c\u8868\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u5f97\u8b1b\u7a76\u3002\u502b\u6566\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u6703\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u5152\u300c\u53cd\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u6c23\u606f\u6fc3\u539a\uff1b\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u6703\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u53cd\u6f14\u5316\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u5927\u8001\u3001\u7687\u5bb6\u5916\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\u5b78\u9662\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269 \u9928\u81ea\u7136\u6b77\u53f2\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u6b50\u6587\uff08R. Owen, 1804-1882\u5e74\uff09\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u5750\u93ae\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u81ea\u627e\u9ebb\u7169\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u624d\u5728\u516d\u6708\u5341\u4e03\u65e5\u8b93\u8d6b\u80e5\u9ece\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u5b78\u6703\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u7d66\u516c\u958b\u4fee\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u9813\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6797\u5948\u5b78\u6703\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u5f97\u8f03\u65e9\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u7814\u7a76\u300d\uff08natural history\uff09\u5b78\u6703\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u5c0f\u8001\u5f1f\uff0c\u5b83\u8001\u5927\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6700\u8fd1\u864e\u514b\u3001\u8d6b\u80e5\u9ece\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u63d2\u624b\u6703\u52d9\uff0c\u5f04\u500b\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u6027\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u5230\u90a3\u5152\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u5b83\u5feb\u9ede\u5152\u6062\u5fa9\u751f\u6a5f\u3002 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#003366;\">\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u4f86\u6e90<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5011\uff0c\u5c0d\u5929\u64c7\u7406\u8ad6\u6700\u4e0d\u6eff\u610f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u8207\u300c\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u300d\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u990a\u6b96\u52d5\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u9577\u4e45\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u9054\u723e\u6587\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6301\u300c\u7269\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8b8a\u300d\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u619a\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u7269\u7a2e\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u6027\u6709\u5176\u9650\u5ea6\uff1b\u5317\u4eac\u72ac\u8207\u5fb7\u570b\u72fc\u72ac\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u96d6\u7136\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4ecd\u5c6c\u540c\u4e00\u7269\u7a2e\u3002\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u8a8d\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u662f\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u529f\u80fd\u8ad6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u5fa9\u6d3b\u4e86\u300c\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\u300d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230\u300c\u91cf\u300d\u8b8a\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u300c\u8cea\u300d\u8b8a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4e00\u6839\u7fbd\u6bdb\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\u58d3\u57ae\u4e00\u982d\u99f1\u99dd\uff1f\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u300c\u5dee\u4e4b\u6beb\u91d0\uff0c\u5931\u4e4b\u5343\u91cc\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7684\u767c\u80b2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u4e9b\u5fae\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u53cd\u5c0d\u300c\u5929\u64c7\u8aaa\u300d\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u53cd\u5c0d\u300c\u6f14\u5316\u8ad6\u300d\u3002\u5047\u5982\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u539f\u6599\u662f\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u89e3\u91cb\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u500b\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6307\u5c0e\u8b8a\u7570\u7684\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f15\u5c0e\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5929\u64c7\u8aaa\u300d\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6414\u8457\u7662\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9054\u723e\u6587\u5728\u300a\u7269\u7a2e\u539f\u59cb\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u300c\u9810\u544a\u300d\u4ed6\u5c07\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4eba\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5beb\u4f5c\u300a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u300b\uff08Descent of Man, 1871\u5e74\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u529b\u6c23\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u4eba\u985e\u990a\u6b96\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u751f\u7269\u8b8a\u7570\u8207\u907a\u50b3\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u662f1868\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5bb6\u990a\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\u300b(\u5169\u518a)\u3002\u53ef\u898b\u8b8a\u7570\u554f\u984c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u6708\u4eae<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u70ba\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u62b1\u5c48\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u63cf\u8ff0\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u50cf\u662f\u9054\u723e\u6587\u7684\u6708\u4eae\u3002\u9019\u500b\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8aaa\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u56e0\u4eba\u6210\u4e8b\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8ca2\u737b\u4e5f\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u9069\u7576\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u4e0d\u9019\u9ebc\u770b\u6708\u4eae\u3002\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u53e4\u5c0d\u65bc\u6708\u4eae\u5c31\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u76c8\u8667\u4f86\u8a18\u65e5 \u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6708\u4eae\u7684\u76c8\u8667\u4f86\u6bd4\u64ec\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u6ec4\u6851\u3002\u6708\u6709\u9670\u6674\u5713\u7f3a\uff0c\u4eba\u6709\u60b2\u6b61\u96e2\u5408\uff1b\u8ab0\u8aaa\u4e0d\u662f\u5462\uff1f\u96e3\u602a\u674e\u767d\u8981\u8209\u676f\u9080\u6708\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u6b4c\u6708\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u6211\u821e\u5f71\u51cc\u4e82\u300d\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u300c\u5929\u4e0a\u6708\u5713\uff0c\u4eba\u9593\u6708\u534a\u300d\uff0c\u6708\u4eae\u9084\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u5f9e\u672a\u9762\u5c0d\u4eba\u9593\u3002\u628a\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u6bd4\u4f5c\u6708\u4eae\uff0c\u518d\u9069\u7576\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u66f8\u5f37\u8abf\u83ef\u840a\u58eb\u8207\u9054\u723e\u6587\u5171\u540c\u767c\u8868\u5929\u64c7\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u5f37\u8abf\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u4e26\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u7576\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u771f\u662f\u5047\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(\u8a3b)\uff1a \u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003A Delicate Arrangment by A. C. Brackman (New York: Times Books, 1980)\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u8acb\u52d9\u5fc5\u53c3\u8003David Kohn\u7684\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\"On the origin of principle of diversity\", Science, 213:1105~1108, Sep. 4, 1981.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1aThe Ant \uff06 Peacock by Helena Cronin, New York: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1991.<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u539f\u8f09\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u6708\u520a\u300b1993\u5e745\u6708\u865f\r\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u6587\u5b57\u90e8\u5206\u8f49\u8f09\u81ea\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/sci.nctu.edu.tw\/index.php?now=room&amp;page=room_show.php&amp;now_page=1&amp;article_id=87&amp;person_name=%E7%8E%8B%E9%81%93%E9%82%84\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u901a\u4fd7\u79d1\u5b78\u7db2<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1afusa\u3001MissZoe<br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u64b0\u6587 \u2223 \u738b\u9053\u9084 \u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u81ea\u53e4\u5c0d\u65bc\u6708\u4eae<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,3293],"tags":[46,81,2248,53,14],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=578"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28404,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578\/revisions\/28404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}