{"id":46370,"date":"2026-05-06T17:00:54","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T09:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=46370"},"modified":"2026-05-06T11:31:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T03:31:57","slug":"%e5%95%86%e5%91%a8%e6%99%82%e6%9c%9f%e7%9a%84%e9%98%b2%e8%ad%b7%e8%a3%9d%e5%85%b7%e8%88%87%e5%85%b5%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%b2%e3%80%81%e5%86%91%e3%80%81%e5%b9%b2%e3%80%81%e7%9b%be%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=46370","title":{"rendered":"\u5546\u5468\u6642\u671f\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u88dd\u5177\u8207\u5175\u5668\uff1a\u7532\u3001\u5191\u3001\u5e72\u3001\u76fe\uff08\u4e09\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: 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id=\"attachment_46376\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46376\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46376\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-1024x558.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-1024x558.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-768x419.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-1536x838.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571615-2048x1117.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46376\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u5341\u516d\uff1a\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u65cf\u5fbd\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u624b\u6301\u6208\u3001\u76fe\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u6587\u5b57\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u76fe\u662f\u51b7\u5175\u5668\u6642\u4ee3\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u5175\u5668\uff0c\u6bb7\u589f\u8003\u53e4\u767c\u73fe\u6709\u4e2d\u570b\u76ee\u524d\u5e74\u4ee3\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u76fe\u3002\u5c0f\u5c6f167\u865f\u8c4e\u8dea\u846c\u5893\u6240\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5916\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u4ee5\u76f4\u5f91\u7d04\u4e09\u516c\u5206\u7684\u4e09\u6839\u8c4e\u6728\u3001\u4e8c\u6839\u5fae\u5f27\u7684\u6a6b\u6728\u5408\u7d44\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u6b63\u9762\u4e2d\u592e\u7565\u70ba\u5916\u7a81\u8d77\u810a\u3002\u76fe\u9762\u662f\u4ee5\u6750\u8cea\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u7de8\u7e54\u7269\u88f9\u88e1\uff0c\u5f8c\u518d\u65bc\u5916\u5c64\u8499\u76ae\u3001\u5857\u68d5\u8272\u6f06\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u7d05\u5f69\u7e6a\u88fd\u5169\u982d\u76f8\u80cc\u7684\u5c0d\u7a31\u864e\u7d0b\u3002\u8a72\u76fe\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u5169\u7aef\u8c4e\u6728\u5747\u6709\u4e0a\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0b\u4e09\u7bc0\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u61c9\u8207\u8499\u76ae\u7684\u7e6b\u7e1b\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u8c4e\u6728\u4e2d\u6bb5\u7684\u5169\u7bc0\u75d5\u8de1\u5247\u70ba\u6301\u63e1\u7684\u628a\u624b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8a72\u76fe\u9ad8\u516b\u5341\u516c\u5206\uff0c\u4e0a\u5bec\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u516c\u5206\uff0c\u4e0b\u5bec\u4e03\u5341\u516c\u5206\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u5448\u68af\u5f62\uff0c\u51fa\u571f\u6642\u8207\u4e00\u67c4\u6208\u6210\u7d44\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff08\u5716\u5341\u4e94\uff09\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\uff09\u3002\u76fe\u8207\u6208\u5728\u5546\u4ee3\u662f\u6b65\u5175\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u914d\u5957\u5175\u5668\uff0c\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u65cf\u5fbd\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u898b\u5230\u4e00\u4eba\u624b\u6301\u6208\u3001\u76fe\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u6587\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u5341\u516d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u500b\u548c\u4e0a\u63ed\u8003\u53e4\u6240\u898b\u7684\u5546\u4ee3\u76fe\u6975\u70ba\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u7576\u6642\u76fe\u7684\u8c61\u5f62\uff08\u5716\u5341\u4e03\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u671f\u9084\u6709\u500b\u5728\u8a72\u5b57\u4e0b\u52a0\u300c\u53e3\u300d\uff0c\u7531\u5510\u862d\u65bc1935\u5e74\u96b8\u5b9a\u70ba\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u7684\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u5341\u516b\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u5ef6\u7e8c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u897f\u5468\u91d1\u6587\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u5b57\u53ef\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u76fe\u5f62\u9010\u6f38\u7dda\u689d\u5316\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7e2e\u6e1b\u70ba\u8c4e\u7b46\u4e2d\u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u80a5\u7b46\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u5de6\u53f3\u5ef6\u4f38\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5f62\uff0c\u70ba\u5c0f\u7bc6\u6240\u672c\uff08\u5716\u5341\u516b\uff09\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u9020\u5b57\u521d\u7fa9\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u8005\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u85c9\u76fe\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u5805\u56fa\uff0c\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u70ba\u5f8c\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u56fa\u300d\u4e4b\u521d\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u76fe\u4e4b\u4e0b\u52a0\u300c\u53e3\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u5f37\u8abf\u76fe\u4e0d\u518d\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8868\u9054\u8a72\u7269\u7684\u5805\u56fa\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46378\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46378\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46378\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-1536x1086.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571617-2048x1448.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46378\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u5341\u4e03\uff1a\u8c61\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u76fe\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46371\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46371\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46371\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-1024x510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-1024x510.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-300x149.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-1536x764.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571618-2048x1019.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46371\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u5341\u516b\uff1a\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u3001\u897f\u5468\u91d1\u6587\u548c\u5c0f\u7bc6\u7684\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u5b57\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5716\u5341\u516b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u548c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5f88\u65e9\u4fbf\u5206\u5225\u7531\u7f85\u632f\u7389\u548c\u4e8e\u7701\u543e\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u7372\u5f97\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5ba2\u89c0\u800c\u8a00\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u4eca\u65e5\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6e90\u65bc\u5c0f\u7bc6\u4e26\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u96b8\u8b8a\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u6977\u9ad4\u300c\u76fe\u300d\uff08\u5716\u5341\u4e5d\uff09\u5b57\u5f62\u986f\u7136\u6709\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46372\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46372\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46372\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-1024x477.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-1024x477.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-768x358.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-1536x715.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571619-2048x953.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46372\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u5341\u4e5d\uff1a\u5c0f\u7bc6\u3001\u7761\u864e\u5730\u79e6\u7c21\u79e6\u96b8\u3001\u6f22\u96b8\u548c\u6977\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5faa\u300d\u5b57\u53ca\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5c0f\u7bc6\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u5b57\u6e90\u8207\u9020\u5b57\u521d\u7fa9\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u70ba\u5b78\u754c\u6240\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5f62\u8072\u3001\u6703\u610f\u517c\u8072\u548c\u6703\u610f\u4e09\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u5f35\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u70ba\u5f62\u8072\u5b57\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6216\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a72\u5b57\u4ece\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u300c\u5382\u300d\u8072\u6216\u4ece\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u300c\u5388\u300d\u7701\u8072\u3002\u6301\u6703\u610f\u517c\u8072\u8aaa\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5247\u662f\u53c3\u8003\u4e86\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5faa\u300d\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u5341\u4e5d\uff09\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u8072\u7b26\u7531\u300c\u5faa\u300d\u9020\u5b57\u69cb\u4ef6\u88e1\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u4e0a\u5e36\u77ed\u8c4e\u7b46\uff08\u5373\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u300c\u76f4\u300d\u5b57\uff09\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u6f14\u8b8a\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u5382\u300d\u5247\u662f\u5f62\u7b26\u3002\u6301\u6703\u610f\u8aaa\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u53ef\u62c6\u5206\u70ba\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5382\u300d\u4e0b\u5e36\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u300c\u5382\u300d\u70ba\u76fe\u7684\u5074\u8996\u5f62\uff0c\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u8c61\u76fe\u4e4b\u63e1\u628a\uff0c\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u5247\u8c61\u76fe\u4e4b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u5b78\u8005\u6839\u64da\u897f\u5468\u665a\u671f\u9752\u9285\u5668\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u5668\u5167\u548c\u7c0b\u84cb\u4e0a\u6240\u898b\u9298\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\uff08\u5716\u5341\u4e5d\uff09\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7531\u9298\u6587\u4e0a\u534a\u7684\u5074\u7acb\u4eba\u5f62\u6f14\u8b8a\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u662f\u6703\u4eba\u6301\u76fe\u3002\u9084\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u8c61\u76fe\uff0c\u300c\u76ee\u300d\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u69cb\u4ef6\u70ba\u62c7\u6307\u8207\u56db\u6307\u4f75\u650f\u7684\u624b\u5f62\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u6703\u4ee5\u624b\u6301\u76fe\u3002\u4e8e\u7701\u543e\u5247\u540c\u6a23\u6839\u64da\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u4f86\u4e3b\u5f35\u6703\u610f\u517c\u8072\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9298\u6587\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u8c61\u5074\u7acb\u4eba\u5f62\uff0c\u800c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u70ba\u76fe\u7684\u8c61\u5f62\u517c\u8072\u7b26\uff08\u8a73\u898b\u4e0b\u6587\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u5b57\u5f62\u69cb\u4ef6\u7684\u8c61\u5f62\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0a\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u5e7e\u5206\u81c6\u5ea6\uff0c\u6545\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u7372\u5f97\u5b78\u754c\u5171\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d99\u5e73\u5b89\u8fd1\u5e74\u6839\u64da\u6e56\u5317\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u7af9\u7c21\u4e2d\u5e7e\u500b\u53ef\u96b8\u5b9a\u70ba\u4ece\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u4ece\u300c\u6208\u300d\u548c\u4ece\u300c\u97cb\u300d\u4ece\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5c0f\u7bc6\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u662f\u7531\u4e0b\u534a\u8c61\u5f62\u7684\u76fe\u548c\u4e0a\u534a\u4f5c\u70ba\u8072\u7b26\u7684\u300c\u5141\u300d\u8a1b\u8b8a\u5f8c\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\uff09\u3002\u82e5\u662f\uff0c\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u4e0b\u846c\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d433\u5e74\u7684\u6230\u570b\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7531\u8c61\u5f62\u8072\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u52e2\u5fc5\u767c\u751f\u5728\u897f\u5468\u81f3\u6230\u570b\u9593\u3002\u6797\u6c84\u66fe\u5f15\u4e8e\u7701\u543e\u820a\u8aaa\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u898b\u65bc\u897f\u5468\u4e2d\u671f\u7d42\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u88e1\u4ece\u300c\u76fe\u300d\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\uff09\u4ece\u300c\u8c5a\u300d\uff08\u7531\u300c\u72ac\u300d\u548c\u300c\u8089\u300d\u5169\u69cb\u4ef6\u7d44\u6210\uff09\u4ece\u300c\u53c8\u300d\u53ef\u8b80\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\uff09\u4fbf\u662f\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u7d2f\u589e\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u70ba\u8072\u7b26\u7684\u300c\u8c5a\u300d\u6070\u597d\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u8a72\u5b57\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5f62\u69cb\u4ef6\u7684\u8b80\u97f3\u3002\u8d99\u5e73\u5b89\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7d9c\u5408\u4e86\u6797\u8aaa\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u8c5a\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5141\u300d\u90fd\u53ef\u4f5c\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u8072\u7b26\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u8f03\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u5b57\u6f14\u5316\u591a\u662f\u7531\u7e41\u70ba\u7c21\uff0c\u6545\u4ece\u300c\u5141\u300d\u7684\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u6cbf\u7528\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4f55\u666f\u6210\u8207\u8607\u5efa\u6d32\u6307\u51fa\u6797\u6c84\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u5176\u5be6\u8b49\u64da\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a72\u5b57\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5f62\u69cb\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u52a0\u8a3b\u7684\u610f\u7b26\u7f77\u4e86\uff0c\u8207\u8072\u7121\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46373\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46373\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46373\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-1536x1086.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571620-2048x1448.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\uff1a\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u7af9\u7c21\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u3001\u897f\u5468\u65e9\u671f\u548c\u6625\u79cb\u65e9\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u3001\u6230\u570b\u4e2d\u665a\u671f\u8655\u7cfb\u7c21\u5e1b\u7684\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d42\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u535a\u7269\u9928 (1989)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u81ea1962\u5e74\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u9996\u5148\u5c07\u5716\u5341\u4e5d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b78\u754c\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u591a\u5f9e\u5176\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f46\u8463\u84ee\u6c60\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u5be6\u90ed\u6c0f\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u91cb\u8a72\u5b57\u70ba\u4f55\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\uff0c\u63a8\u6e2c\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u8a72\u5b57\u8207\u5c0f\u7bc6\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u6975\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e00\u76ee\u77ad\u7136\u800c\u7121\u9808\u89e3\u91cb\u4e4b\u6545\u3002\u4f46\u8a72\u5b57\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u9015\u76f4\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u55ce\uff1f\u904e\u53bb\u5728\u8a8d\u540c\u90ed\u8aaa\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e8e\u7701\u543e\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a72\u5b57\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u662f\u300c\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u9664\u4e86\u4f5c\u70ba\u8072\u7b26\uff0c\u4e5f\u8c61\u76fe\u6709\uff08\u76fe\u63e1\uff09\u6709\u7d0b\u7406\u4e4b\u5f62\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u6587\u5b57\u6703\u4eba\u6301\u76fe\u625e\u8eab\u3002\u5289\u662d\u745e\u8207\u8d99\u5e73\u5b89\u5247\u540c\u6a23\u8a8d\u70ba\u8a72\u5b57\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u8c61\u76fe\u5f62\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u662f\u4f5c\u8072\u7b26\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u300c\u6c12\u300d\uff08\u53a5\uff09\uff0c\u5168\u5b57\u61c9\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u300d\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\uff09\u3002\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u5b78\u754c\u82e5\u5df2\u80fd\u5f9e\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u7af9\u7c21\u4e00\u7aba\u5c0f\u7bc6\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u4e0a\u534a\u70ba\u300c\u5141\u300d\u4e4b\u8a1b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u7684\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u986f\u7136\u975e\u300c\u5141\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7121\u8ad6\u5c07\u5b83\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u6216\u300c\u300d\u4fbf\u5747\u7121\u9053\u7406\u3002\u8463\u84ee\u6c60\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u7684\u65b7\u53e5\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u8aa4\uff0c\u5728\u5c0d\u7167\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u9752\u9285\u7c0b\u8cde\u8cdc\u9298\u6587\u65b7\u53e5\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6b63\u78ba\u61c9\u662f\u300c\u5115\uff08\u8cdc\uff09\u5973\uff08\u6c5d\uff09\u76fe\u4e94\u661c\uff0c\u767b\u25b3\u751f\u7687\u756b\u5185\u3001\u6208\u7431\u2026\u2026\u300d\uff08\u25b3\u8868\u6b64\u672a\u91cb\u5b57\uff09\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u25b3\u4e0d\u662f\u8868\u540d\u7269\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u25b3\u8a72\u91cb\u70ba\u4f55\u5b57\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u5c6c\u672a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46374\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46374\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46374\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-1024x631.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-1024x631.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-768x473.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-1536x946.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571621-2048x1262.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46374\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\uff1a\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u53ca\u9298\u6587\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5 (1962)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u8003\u91cf\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u5728\u6230\u570b\u6642\u4ee3\u4ee5\u524d\u4ecd\u6c92\u6709\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u5b57\u6e90\uff0c\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u8a72\u5b57\u7684\u9020\u5b57\u521d\u7fa9\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c07\u5716\u5341\u4e03\u6240\u793a\u4e4b\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u7591\u7fa9\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u8a72\u5b57\u53c8\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u96b8\u5b9a\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u4ecd\u9700\u7531\u4e0a\u63ed\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u7684\u672a\u91cb\u5b57\u25b3\u8207\u9298\u6587\u5167\u5bb9\u8ac7\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u904e\u53bb\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u8005\u5728\u8aa4\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e94\u5e74\u5e2b\u53f2\u7c0b\u9298\u6587\u672a\u91cb\u5b57\u25b3\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u8a72\u5668\u9298\u6587\u300c\u5115\uff08\u8cdc\uff09\u5973\uff08\u6c5d\uff09\u300e\u76fe\u300f\u4e94\u661c\uff0c\u767b\u25b3\u751f\u7687\u756b\u5185\u3001\u6208\u7431\u2026\u2026\u300d\u4e2d\u5728\u300c\u4e94\u661c\u300d\u4e4b\u524d\u5448\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u5b57\u82e5\u540c\u6a23\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\uff09\uff08\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\uff09\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u7528\u6cd5\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u8a5e\u540c\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u9298\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u537b\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u5f62\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6545\u4e3b\u5f35\u5448\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u5b57\u61c9\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u5e72\u300d\u3002\u6b64\u770b\u6cd5\u6839\u6e90\u65bc\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u5c0d\u5716\u5341\u4e03\u6240\u793a\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u91cb\u5b57\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7576\u6642\u8a8d\u70ba\u5118\u7ba1\u8a72\u5b57\u70ba\u5546\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\u76fe\u7684\u8c61\u5f62\uff0c\u4f46\u61c9\u8b80\u70ba\u300c\u5e72\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f8c\u8d77\u5b57\uff08\u8a3b\u4e09\u5341\uff09\u3002\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u5e72\u300d\u5b57\u6240\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u65b9\u5f62\u7684\u76fe\u53ca\u4e0a\u6709\u7fbd\u98fe\u4e0b\u6709\u940f\uff08\u67c4\u4e0b\u7aef\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u5957\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u5713\u696f\uff08\u4ea6\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u76fe\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u770b\u6cd5\u53ef\u5f9e\u897f\u5468\u4e2d\u3001\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u7684\u300c\u535a\u300d\uff08\u300c\u6476\u300d\uff09\u5b57\u7372\u5f97\u65c1\u8b49\u3002\u300c\u535a\u300d\u5b57\u5728\u8072\u7b26\u300c\u5c03\u300d\u65c1\u6709\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u3001\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u9802\u7aef\u5206\u5c94\u5f62\u3001\u4e00\u8c4e\u7b46\u4e2d\u9593\u5713\u5f62\u3001\u6208\u5f62\u7b49\u610f\u7b26\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u300c\u535a\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6476\u300d\u672c\u7fa9\u662f\u6253\u9b25\u3001\u5c0d\u6253\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u61c9\u90fd\u662f\u7fa9\u8fd1\u7684\u5f62\u7b26\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u77e5\u65b9\u76fe\u8207\u5713\u696f\u5176\u5be6\u53ef\u6b78\u70ba\u540c\u985e\u5668\u7269\u3002\u53e6\u6839\u64da\u5b8b\u4ee3\u300a\u96c6\u97fb\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u696f\uff0c\u5e72\u4e5f\uff0c\u6216\u7701\u300d\u3001\u300c\u76fe\u3001\u6240\u4ee5\u625e\u8eab\u853d\u76ee\u8005\uff0c\u901a\u4f5c\u696f\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u5e72\u3001\u76fe\u6e3e\u8a00\u4e0d\u5225\u3002\u6210\u66f8\u5e74\u4ee3\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u897f\u6f22\u665a\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u63da\u96c4\u6240\u7de8\u64b0\u7684\u300a\u65b9\u8a00\uff65\u7b2c\u4e5d\u300b\u5373\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u76fe\uff0c\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u6771\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u7782\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u5e72\u3002\u95dc\u897f\u8b02\u4e4b\u76fe\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46375\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46375\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46375\" src=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-1024x506.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-1024x506.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-768x380.jpg 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-1536x760.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/\u571622-2048x1013.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46375\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\uff1a\u897f\u5468\u4e2d\u3001\u665a\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u7684\u300c\u535a\u300d\uff08\u300c\u640f\u300d\uff09\u5b57\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\uff1a\u6bb7\u589f\u8003\u53e4\u5e38\u898b\u6208\u3001\u76fe\u540c\u846c\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\uff1a\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8c61\u5f62\u5b57\uff0c\u8c61\u5074\u7acb\u4eba\u5f62\u8ca0\u96d9\u624b\u65bc\u5f8c\uff0c\u70ba\u300c\u590b\u300d\u4e4b\u521d\u6587\uff0c\u9020\u5b57\u521d\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u4eba\u8ca0\u624b\u800c\u884c\u3002\u897f\u5468\u65e9\u671f\u4e4b\u5f8c\u91d1\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u73ed\u7c0b\u548c\u79e6\u516c\u9418\u9298\u6587\u6240\u898b\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5728\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u5c07\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u6539\u70ba\u4ece\u300c\u382f\u300d\uff08\u300c\u4ee5\u300d\uff09\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u300c\u5141\u300d\u7684\u8072\u7b26\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\uff09\uff0c\u70ba\u53e4\u6587\u5b57\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8b8a\u5f62\u8072\u5316\u3002\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u7af9\u7c21\u4e0a\u96b8\u5b9a\u70ba\u4ece\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u4ece\u300c\u6208\u300d\u548c\u4ece\u300c\u97cb\u300d\u4ece\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u69cb\u4ef6\u8207\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u3001\u897f\u5468\u65e9\u671f\u91d1\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e74\u4ee3\u8f03\u66fe\u4faf\u4e59\u5893\u7af9\u7c21\u7a0d\u665a\u7684\u695a\u7cfb\u7c21\u5e1b\u300c\u5141\u300d\u5b57\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\u5341\uff09\u90fd\u6975\u70ba\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e14\u300c\u5141\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u53e4\u97f3\u524d\u8005\u5c6c\u9918\u7d10\u6587\u90e8\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5c6c\u8239\u6bcd\u6587\u90e8\uff0c\u97f3\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u50b3\u4e16\u3001\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u737b\u6709\u901a\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u77e5\u300c\u5141\u300d\u53ef\u4f5c\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u7684\u8072\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\uff1a\u5728\u6b64\u50c5\u662f\u5f15\u7f85\u632f\u7389\u3001\u4e8e\u7701\u543e\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u6b64\u6a6b\u756b\u7565\u5bec\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u5f62\u7b26\u865f\u6b0a\u5b9c\u91cb\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\uff1a\u5289\u662d\u745e\u5f15\u300a\u8aaa\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u300b\uff1a\u300c\uff0c\u76fe\u63e1\u4e5f\u3002\u4ece\u76fe\u572d\u8072\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u572d\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6c12\u300d\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3\u540c\u97fb\u8fd1\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5728\u898b\u7d10\u652f\u90e8\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5728\u898b\u7d10\u6708\u90e8\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u300c\u6c12\u300d\u5728\u6b64\u662f\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u300c\u572d\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8072\u7b26\u3002\u8d99\u5e73\u5b89\u5247\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u51fa\u8a31\u591a\u898b\u7d10\u652f\u90e8\u5b57\u548c\u898b\u7d10\u6708\u90e8\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u4ccf\u300d\u548c\u300c\u9d02\u300d\u53ef\u901a\u5047\u70ba\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\uff1a\u300c\u540d\u7269\u300d\u70ba\u8a13\u8a41\u5b78\u7528\u8a5e\uff0c\u6307\u5c6c\u65bc\u67d0\u7269\u985e\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5177\u9ad4\u4e4b\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\uff1a\u8ddf\u53bb\u300c\u53e4\u300d\u5b57\u897f\u5468\u91d1\u6587\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u671f\u6f14\u8b8a\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u6b64\u300c\u5341\u300d\u5b57\u5f62\u7531\u76fe\u5f62\u800c\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u4e09\u5341\uff1a\u6c88\u4e4b\u6770\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5e72\u300d\u4e8c\u5b57\u76f8\u8f03\uff0c\u82e5\u5f9e\u50b3\u4e16\u6587\u737b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u300c\u5e72\u300d\u5b57\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u51fa\u73fe\u8f03\u65e9\uff0c\u800c\u5f9e\u6f22\u85cf\u8a9e\u7cfb (Sino-Tibetan languages) \u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u300c\u5e72\u300d\u5728\u85cf\u7dec\u8a9e (Tibeto-Burman languages) \u4e2d\u5747\u6709\u540c\u6e90\u8a5e\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u6642\u9593\u61c9\u8f03\u65e9\u3002\u6309\u6f22\u85cf\u8a9e\u7cfb\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u8207\u64f4\u6563\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u5b78\u754c\u4ecd\u6709\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u4ee5\u4e2d\u570b\u5317\u65b9\u8aaa\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u65b0\u77f3\u5668\u6642\u4ee3\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7c9f\u4f5c\u8fb2\u696d\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u4eba\u53e3\u64f4\u5f35\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u6f22\u8a9e (Sinitic languages) \u662f\u6700\u65e9\u5f9e\u539f\u59cb\u6f22\u85cf\u8a9e (Proto-Sino-Tibetan language) 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