{"id":45199,"date":"2025-04-01T18:00:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T10:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=45199"},"modified":"2025-04-01T11:36:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T03:36:35","slug":"%e7%a8%80%e5%9c%9f%e7%88%ad%e5%a5%aa%e6%88%b02%ef%bc%9a%e7%a8%80%e5%9c%9f%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bc%b7%e5%8c%96%e7%a7%91%e6%8a%80%e8%a8%ad%e5%82%99%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=45199","title":{"rendered":"\u7a00\u571f\u722d\u596a\u6230(2)\uff1a\u7a00\u571f\u5982\u4f55\u5f37\u5316\u79d1\u6280\u8a2d\u5099\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u9ec3\u9f0e\u921e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9810\u7d04Uber\u4e58\u8eca\uff0c\u4f86\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\uff0c\u9a5a\u5947\u8457\u5b83\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u6253\u958b\u624b\u6a5f\u6ed1\u8457\u793e\u7fa4\u5e73\u53f0\u53c8\u6234\u4e0a\u8033\u6a5f\u8046\u807d\u97f3\u6a02\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u4e00\u8d9f\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u901a\u52e4\u6642\u5149\uff0c\u9019\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u901a\u52e4\u65cf\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u98a8\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u66fe\u7d93\u60f3\u904e\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5143\u7d20\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u9bae\u8c54\u7684\u87a2\u5e55\u4ee5\u53ca\u6085\u8033\u7684\u97f3\u8cea\uff1f\u652f\u6301\u8457\u9019\u4e9b\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u7a00\u571f\u722d\u596a\u6230(1)\uff1a\u7a00\u571f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5b83\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7a00\u6709\uff01<\/a>\u300b\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b83\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u5175\u5bb6\u5fc5\u722d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u70ba\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u63a8\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u57161\uff1a\u793a\u610f\u5716\u3002\u642d\u8457\u8eca\u3001\u5212\u624b\u6a5f\u8207\u807d\u97f3\u6a02\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65e5\u5e38\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u90fd\u85cf\u8457\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aMotionElements<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u8b93\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u8dd1\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u6975\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u99ac\u9054\u80fd\u5920\u7522\u751f\u5f37\u5927\u4e14\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u78c1\u5834\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u9a45\u52d5\u8f2a\u8ef8\u8f49\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5f37\u78c1\u5834\u6b63\u662f\u4ef0\u8cf4\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u7684\u91f9 (Nd)\u3001\u93d1 (Dy) \u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u91f9 (Nd) \u5143\u7d20\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c \u91f9\u9435\u787c (NdFeB) \u78c1\u9435\u7684\u56db\u65b9\u6676\u7cfb (Tetragonal Crystal System) \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c0d\u7a31\u6027\u4f46\u540c\u6642\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u986f\u8457\u62c9\u4f38\u7684\u6676\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\uff0c\u91f9 (Nd) \u539f\u5b50\u4f4d\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6676\u683c\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u9435 (Fe) \u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u4f5c\u7528 (Exchange Interaction)\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u56db\u65b9\u6676\u7cfb\u4e2dc\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u9593\u8ddd\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u91f9\u7684\u78c1\u77e9\u6703\u81ea\u767c\u5730\u6cbf\u8457\u6b64\u8ef8\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u5916\u52a0\u78c1\u5834\u4e2d\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9396\u5b9a\u78c1\u77e9\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u6574\u9ad4\u78c1\u5834\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u9084\u8ce6\u4e88\u78c1\u9435\u6975\u9ad8\u7684\u77ef\u9811\u529b (Coercivity)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u9ad8\u6eab\u6216\u5916\u52a0\u78c1\u5834\u8b8a\u5316\u4e0b\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u78c1\u6027\u4e0d\u6e1b\uff0c\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u99ac\u9054\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f37\u52c1\u7684\u626d\u529b\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9054\u5230\u5feb\u901f\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u57162\uff1a\u91f9\u9435\u787c\u6676\u683c\u7d50\u69cb\u793a\u610f\u5716\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u5c0d\u7a31\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u5176c\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u6709\u8457\u8f03\u9577\u7684\u6676\u683c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ea\u65cb\u96fb\u5b50\u80fd\u6cbf\u8457c\u8ef8\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u7522\u751f\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u78c1\u77e9\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u6539\u7e6a\u81eaBERKELEY LAB<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u8b93\u986f\u793a\u5668\u66f4\u9bae\u660e<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u63d0\u5347\u4f60\u7684\u8033\u6a5f\u97f3\u8cea<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u80fd\u8b93\u8033\u6a5f\u7684\u97f3\u8cea\u66f4\u597d\uff1f\u6839\u64da\u52de\u502b\u8332\u529b (Lorentz Force) \u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u7576\u8f09\u6d41\u5c0e\u7dda\u7f6e\u65bc\u78c1\u5834\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u80a1\u5782\u76f4\u65bc\u96fb\u6d41\u8207\u78c1\u5834\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u529b\uff0c\u8033\u6a5f\u6b63\u662f\u5229\u7528\u80a1\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u97f3\u5708\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5e36\u52d5\u632f\u819c\u9707\u52d5\u7522\u751f\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u64c1\u6709\u9ad8\u78c1\u77e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u8cea\u5167\u90e8\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u78c1\u5834\uff0c\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8033\u6a5f\u97f3\u5708\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\u548c\u9748\u654f\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u97f3\u5708\u5c07\u96fb\u4fe1\u865f\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u8072\u97f3\u632f\u52d5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8207\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u8072\u97f3\u8f38\u51fa\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u9ad8\u77ef\u9811\u529b\u9084\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u97f3\u5708\u53d7\u5916\u754c\u78c1\u5834\u5e72\u64fe\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u8072\u97f3\u7a69\u5b9a\u8207\u7d30\u7bc0\u5448\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\uff0c\u91f9 (Nd) \u662f\u8033\u6a5f\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u9996\u9078\uff0c\u5176\u5c45\u79ae\u6eab\u5ea6 (Curie Temperature) \u70ba312 \u2103\uff0c\u5373\u91f9\u5728\u9ad8\u65bc312 \u2103\u6642\u624d\u6703\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u9435\u78c1\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u6eab\u5ea6\u8db3\u5920\u80fd\u61c9\u4ed8\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u91f9 (Nd) \u7684\u63d0\u53d6\u6210\u672c\u8f03\u5176\u4ed6\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u9084\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u5168\u7403\u5730\u7406\u5206\u5e03\u8f03\u70ba\u5747\u52fb\uff0c\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u8f03\u4e0d\u6613\u53d7\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5404\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u958b\u767c\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u57163\uff1a\u52de\u502b\u8332\u529b (Lorentz Force) \u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u7576\u96fb\u6d41 (I) \u8207\u78c1\u5834 (B) \u4e92\u76f8\u5782\u76f4\u6642\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500b\u529b (F)\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9ad8\u78c1\u77e9\u8207\u9ad8\u77ef\u9811\u529b\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u5e55\u5f8c\u63a8\u624b\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u56e0\u8457\u6dfb\u52a0\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u5c31\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u7522\u54c1\u6548\u80fd\uff0c\u5f77\u5f7f\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8173\u8e0f\u8eca\u4e0a\u5b89\u88dd\u4e86\u96fb\u52d5\u8f14\u52a9\u88dd\u7f6e\uff0c\u9a0e\u4e58\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u4e5f\u96e3\u602a\u7a00\u571f\u7926\u6b0a\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u5ddd\u666e\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u6230\u7565\u8981\u5730\uff0c\u95dc\u4fc2\u8457\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u6280\u7af6\u722d\u529b\u7684\u7dad\u6301\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7a00\u571f\u7684\u958b\u63a1\u8207\u63d0\u53d6\u5982\u6b64\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u4e00\u8d77\u4f86\u8a8d\u8b58\u7a00\u571f\u958b\u63a1\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e86\u89e3\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u6c59\u67d3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2728\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u300a\u7a00\u571f\u722d\u596a\u6230 (1)\uff1a\u7a00\u571f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5b83\u4e00\u9ede\u90fd\u4e0d\u7a00\u6709\uff01<\/a>\u300b<\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zhu, Wei, and Shun Xu. \"Rare Earth Elements in Modern Technology and Supply Chain Risks.\" Journal of Materials Science & Technology 56, no. 2 (2021): 221-230.<\/li>\n
  2. Wang, Li, and Jie Chen. \"Magnetic Properties and Applications of Rare Earth Materials.\" Journal of Applied Physics 48, no. 3 (2019): 341-350.<\/li>\n
  3. L.X. Liao, Z. Altounian, and D.H. Ryan. Cobalt site preferences in iron rare-earth-based compounds. Physical Review, Serie 3. B - Condensed Matter (18,1978-), 47:11230\u201311241, 1993.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u80fd\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u958b\u5916\u639b\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u7684\u5f37\u52c1\u52a0\u901f\u3001\u624b\u6a5f\u87a2\u5e55\u7684\u9bae\u8c54\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8033\u6a5f\u4e2d\u6e05\u6670\u52d5\u4eba\u7684\u97f3\u8cea\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u8cf4\u65bc\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5f37\u78c1\u77e9\u3001\u9ad8\u77ef\u9811\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u80fd\u968e\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u7576\u4eca\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u7a00\u571f\u7684\u7926\u6b0a\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u9593\u76f8\u4e92\u722d\u596a\u7684\u6a19\u7684\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u5982\u4f55\u63a8\u52d5\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":45203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,1023,3293,3005,2977],"tags":[7342,7343,7341,498],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u57162-1-scaled.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45199"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45199"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45204,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45199\/revisions\/45204"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}