{"id":43824,"date":"2009-07-10T15:40:50","date_gmt":"2009-07-10T07:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=43824"},"modified":"2024-03-04T16:08:33","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T08:08:33","slug":"%e5%8d%81%e5%a4%a7%e7%be%8e%e9%ba%97%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e5%af%a6%e9%a9%97-%e6%9f%8f%e9%87%91-perkin-%e5%90%88%e6%88%90%e8%8b%af%e8%83%ba%e7%b4%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=43824","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5341\u5927\u7f8e\u9e97\u5316\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u3011\u67cf\u91d1 (Perkin) \u5408\u6210\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b (Mauveine)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u674e\u4fca\u6bc5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff5c\u570b\u7acb\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb \u6797\u96c5\u51e1 \u535a\u58eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u82e5\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u6b72\u4fbf\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52de\u502b\u65af\uff0e\u5e03\u62c9\u683c (William Lawrence Bragg) \u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u6b72\u8207\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5171\u540c\u767c\u73fe\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5b9a\u5f8b (Bragg\u2019s Law) \u5df2\u5c6c\u76f8\u7576\u96e3\u5f97\uff1b\u80fd\u60f3\u50cf\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u73fe\u5728\u9ad8\u4e09\u7684\u5e74\u7d00\uff0c\u4fbf\u5c0d\u5316\u5b78\u505a\u51fa\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u55ce\uff1f\u4e14\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u807d\u807d\u67cf\u91d1 (William Henry Perkin, 1838-1907)\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u67cf\u91d1 (William Henry Perkin, 1838-1907)\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u67cf\u91d1\u65bc\u5341\u4e94\u6b72\u6642\u9032\u5165\u502b\u6566\u7687\u5bb6\u5316\u5b78\u5b78\u9662\u5c31\u8b80\uff0c\u5e2b\u62dc\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5927\u5e2b\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u3010August Wilhelm von Hofmann\uff0c\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u96e2\u53bb\u53cd\u61c9 (Hofmann Elimination) \u8207\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u91cd\u6392 (Hofmann Rearrangement) \u7684\u767c\u660e\u8005\u3011\u3002\u7576\u6642\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u6b63\u5c0d\u7164\u7126\u6cb9\uff08coal tar\uff0c\u7164\u7926\u5de5\u696d\u7684\u526f\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u82b3\u9999\u65cf\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\uff09\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5c07\u7164\u7126\u6cb9\u63d0\u7149\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u82b3\u9999\u65cf\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5148\u7528\u785d\u9178\u9032\u884c\u785d\u5316\uff0c\u518d\u9084\u539f\u5f97\u5230\u80fa\u985e\uff0c\u4f01\u5716\u900f\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u594e\u5be7 (quinine)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\u594e\u5be7\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7642\u7627\u75be\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u594e\u5be7\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u5929\u7136\u7269\u63d0\u7149\u7372\u53d6\uff0c\u594e\u5be7\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6548\u61c9\u4f7f\u5f97\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u7b49\u4eba\u76f8\u7e7c\u6295\u5165\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6703\u627e\u4e0a\u7164\u7126\u6cb9\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7164\u7126\u6cb9\u6210\u5206\u53cd\u61c9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u80fa\u985e\u548c\u594e\u5be7\u4e00\u6a23\u90fd\u662f\u9e7c\uff0c\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u5f9e\u7164\u7126\u6cb9\u4f86\u751f\u7522\u594e\u5be7\uff0c\u67cf\u91d1\u9032\u5165\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7576\u52a9\u624b\u6b63\u662f\u5206\u914d\u5230\u594e\u5be7\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u6642\u6b63\u9022\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u8d77\u6b65\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u9053\u723e\u541e\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8aaa\u63d0\u51fa\u5c1a\u672a\u6eff\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u96d6\u5df2\u767c\u660e\u5e7e\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u5c0d\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u96e3\u4ee5\u5224\u5b9a\u3002\u67cf\u91d1\u8a8d\u70ba\u5169\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e19\u70ef\u57fa\u7532\u82ef\u80fa (allyltoluidine) \u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u7e2e\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u594e\u5be7\u548c\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6c34\uff08\u898b\u5716\u4e8c\u5de6\u3001\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u5c07\u4e19\u70ef\u57fa\u7532\u82ef\u80fa\u8207\u6c27\u5316\u5291\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u6df7\u5408\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u53ea\u5f97\u5230\u7d05\u8910\u8272\u7684\u6ce5\u72c0\u7269\uff0c\u548c\u594e\u5be7\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6676\u9ad4\u5927\u76f8\u9015\u5ead\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u594e\u5be7\u3001\u4e19\u70ef\u6a5f\u7532\u82ef\u80fa\u8207\u82ef\u80fa\u7d50\u69cb\u5f0f\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u67cf\u91d1\u4e0d\u8f15\u8a00\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u53cd\u61c9\u80cc\u5f8c\u6709\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u6e2c\u8a66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u80fa\u985e\uff0c\u5f9e\u82ef\u5408\u6210\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u80fa\u2014\u2014\u82ef\u80fa\uff08aniline\uff0c\u5716\u4e8c\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u4ee5\u4e8c\u927b\u9178\u9240\u6c27\u5316\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u9ed1\u8272\u6c89\u6fb1\u7269\u3002\u7279\u5225\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6c89\u6fb1\u7269\u78be\u788e\u5f8c\u7528\u4e59\u9187\u6eb6\u89e3\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4eae\u9e97\u7684\u7d2b\u8272\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u540d\u5782\u9752\u53f2\u7684\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b (mauveine)\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u662f1856\u5e74\uff0c\u67cf\u91d1\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u3002\u3010\u594e\u5be7\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u9060\u6bd4\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u8207\u67cf\u91d1\u6240\u60f3\u50cf\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u7531\u4e19\u70ef\u57fa\u7532\u82ef\u80fa\u7e2e\u5408\u4fbf\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u594e\u5be7\u7684\u5408\u6210\u76f4\u52301944\u5e74\u624d\u7531\u4f0d\u723e\u5fb7 (Robert Burns Woodward) \u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u662f\u500b\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u610f\u5916\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u662f\u56db\u7a2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c1994\u5e74\u30012007\u5e74\u624d\u5206\u5225\u88ab\u5169\u7d44\u5718\u968a\u9451\u5b9a\u51fa\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u53cd\u63a8\u5f97\u77e5\u662f\u7531\u82ef\u80fa\u8207\u4e9b\u8a31\u96dc\u8cea\u2014\u2014\u7532\u82ef\u80fa (toluidine) \u9032\u884c\u7e2e\u5408\u5f97\u5230\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u9a57\u90fd\u662f\u67cf\u91d1\u8d81\u970d\u592b\u66fc\u56de\u5fb7\u570b\u8a2a\u554f\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u5bb6\u9802\u6a13\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u958b\u5c0f\u5dee\u9032\u884c\u7684\u3002\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u662f\u56db\u7a2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8fd1150\u5e74\u5f8c\u76841994\u5e74\u30012007\u5e74\u624d\u5206\u5225\u88ab\u5169\u7d44\u5718\u968a\u9451\u5b9a\u51fa\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u5716\u4e09\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u7d50\u69cb\u53cd\u63a8\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u662f\u7531\u82ef\u80fa\u8207\u4e9b\u8a31\u96dc\u8cea\u2014\u2014\u7532\u82ef\u80fa (toluidine) \u9032\u884c\u7e2e\u5408\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u67d3\u6599\u90fd\u662f\u5f9e\u5929\u7136\u7269\u8403\u53d6\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u67cf\u91d1\u767c\u73fe\u7528\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u67d3\u8272\u7684\u7d72\u7da2\u8010\u6d17\u53c8\u5c0d\u5149\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u6a23\u54c1\u5bc4\u5230\u8607\u683c\u862d\u7684\u67d3\u6599\u5546\uff0c\u67d3\u6599\u5546\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u56de\u8986\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u4e0d\u662f\u8017\u8cc7\u9a5a\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u5c07\u662f\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u984f\u8272\u4eba\u4eba\u611b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u5f80\u7d2b\u8272\u67d3\u8272\u7684\u7d72\u7121\u6cd5\u6301\u4e45\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u53d7\u5230\u67d3\u6599\u5546\u9f13\u821e\u7684\u67cf\u91d1\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u4ed6\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u8207\u5f8c\u9662\u958b\u555f\u5bb6\u5ead\u5de5\u5ee0\uff0c\u7531\u4ed6\u54e5\u54e5\u5145\u7576\u52a9\u624b\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u67cf\u91d1\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u6f38\u6f38\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u5152\u5b50\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u4e0d\u662f\u767d\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u6295\u8cc7\u4e8b\u696d\u3001\u8207\u4ed6\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u8981\u61c9\u7528\u8207\u63a8\u5ee3\u53c8\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u67cf\u91d1\u5728\u5e74\u50c5\u5341\u516b\u6b72\u6642\u5c31\u5c55\u73fe\u4e86\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7533\u8acb\u5c08\u5229\u3001\u52df\u96c6\u8cc7\u91d1\u3001\u6539\u826f\u5546\u54c1\u6a23\u6a23\u90fd\u884c\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u82ef\u80fa\u7d2b\u57281864\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u884d\u751f\u7269\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u9019\u4e4b\u524d\u67cf\u91d1\u4e00\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u8377\u5305\u6eff\u6eff\u3002\u67cf\u91d1\u65bc\u6578\u5e74\u5f8c\u53c8\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u9999\u8c46\u7cbe (coumarin)\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u7684\u9999\u6c34\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u73fe\u4eca\u5973\u751f\u6253\u626e\u7684\u884c\u982d\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u90fd\u8981\u5c0a\u67cf\u91d1\u70ba\u7956\u5e2b\u723a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67cf\u91d1\u4e26\u975e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5408\u6210\u82ef\u80fa\u67d3\u6599\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u767c\u660e\u6070\u9022\u96fb\u6c23\u6642\u4ee3\u521d\u59cb\uff0c\u53c8\u4f4d\u65bc\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u502b\u6566\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5e2b\u9577\u50b3\u6388\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u5bb6\u4eba\u76f8\u633a\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u5360\u76e1\u5929\u6642\u3001\u5730\u5229\u3001\u4eba\u548c\u3002\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u6700\u5049\u5927\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u5728\u65bc\u4f7f\u4eba\u5de5\u67d3\u6599\u5ee3\u70ba\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u8b93\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u8207\u7522\u696d\u754c\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5546\u696d\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u8c61\u7259\u5854\u8207\u5546\u4eba\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5169\u689d\u5e73\u884c\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Wikipedia\uff1aWilliam Henry Perkin<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Wikipedia\uff1aMauveine<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Anthony S. Travis, \u201cPerkin\u2019s Mauve: Ancestor of the Organic Chemical Industry\u201d, Technology and Culture, 1990, 1, 51-82.<\/li>\n
  4. Peter J.T. Morris & Anthony S. Travis, \u201cA History of the International Dyestuff Industry\u201d.<\/li>\n
  5. Willem J. Hornix, \u201cFrom process to plant: innovation in the early artificial dye industry\u201d, The British Journal for the History of Science, 1992, 25, 65-90.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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