{"id":43603,"date":"2024-01-10T18:00:01","date_gmt":"2024-01-10T10:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=43603"},"modified":"2024-01-08T16:20:52","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T08:20:52","slug":"%e5%8f%a4%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%97%e6%98%9f%e8%a7%80%e6%b8%ac%e8%88%87%e7%94%b2%e9%aa%a8%e6%96%87%e7%9a%84%e3%80%8c%e5%b8%9a%e3%80%8d%e8%88%87%e3%80%8c%e5%bd%97%e3%80%8d%e5%ad%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=43603","title":{"rendered":"\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u5f57\u661f\u89c0\u6e2c\u8207\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u300c\u5e1a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u5f57\u300d\u5b57"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f57\u661f\u662f\u592a\u967d\u7cfb\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u51b0\u3001\u6c23\u9ad4\u53ca\u4e9b\u8a31\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u3001\u5875\u57c3\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u89c0\u6e2c\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u898b\u5f57\u6838\u3001\u5f57\u9aee\u548c\u5f57\u5c3e\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f57\u661f\u4ee5\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u6a62\u5713\u5f62\u8ecc\u9053\u74b0\u7e5e\u592a\u967d\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u63a5\u8fd1\u592a\u967d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u9038\u5931\u6389\u90e8\u4efd\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5f57\u661f\u5716\u7e6a\u767c\u73fe\u65bc\u6e56\u5357\u9577\u6c99\u897f\u6f22\u521d\u5e74\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u4e09\u865f\u5893\u7684\u300c\u5929\u6587\u6c23\u8c61\u96dc\u5360\u300d\u5e1b\u66f8\uff0c\u4e0a\u982d\u53ef\u898b\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u7a2e\u5f62\u614b\u5404\u7570\u7684\u5f57\u661f\uff0c\u662f\u53e4\u4eba\u5c0d\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u7d30\u5fae\u89c0\u6e2c\u9577\u671f\u6210\u679c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3002\u6b63\u53f2\u4e2d\u5e74\u4ee3\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5f57\u661f\u89c0\u6e2c\u6642\u9593\u5247\u70ba\u516c\u5143\u524d613\u5e74\u3002\u5f57\u661f\u53c8\u4fd7\u7a31\u6383\u5e1a\u661f\uff0c\u4f46\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u5e1a\u5b57\u4e26\u4e0d\u4f5c\u5f57\u661f\u6216\u6383\u5e1a\u7fa9\uff0c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u5f57\u5b57\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u9664\u7fa9\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u8868\u5f57\u661f\u7fa9\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u6c5f\u67cf\u6bc5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f57\u661f\u662f\u592a\u967d\u7cfb\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u89c0\u6e2c\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u898b\u5f57\u6838 (nucleus)\u3001\u5f57\u9aee (coma) \u548c\u5f57\u5c3e (tail) \u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u5f57\u6838\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u9ad2\u96ea\u7403\u300d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u51b0\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3001\u6c28\u3001\u7532\u70f7\u7b49\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e9b\u8a31\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u3001\u5875\u57c3\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4fbf\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u9846\u6cbe\u6eff\u4e86\u6ce5\u5875\u7684\u96ea\u7403\u3002\u7576\u5f57\u661f\u904b\u884c\u9010\u6f38\u63a5\u8fd1\u592a\u967d\uff0c\u71b1\u529b\u6703\u5c07\u5f57\u6838\u8868\u9762\u7684\u51b0\u878d\u5316\u3001\u84b8\u767c\uff0c\u5728\u8f3b\u5c04\u58d3\u529b (radiation pressure) \u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8207\u592a\u967d\u98a8 (solar wind) \u5439\u62c2\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u548c\u5ca9\u77f3\u3001\u5875\u57c3\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u5411\u5916\u5674\u51fa\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5982\u7159\u9727\u822c\u5305\u8986\u8457\u5f57\u6838\u7684\u5916\u5c64\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u5f57\u9aee\u3002\u5f57\u6838\u8207\u5f57\u9aee\u53c8\u5408\u7a31\u5f57\u982d\u3002\u5f57\u6838\u6c23\u9ad4\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5f57\u982d\u5f62\u614b\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\u542b\u91cf\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u50c5\u6709\u5f57\u6838\u800c\u4e0d\u898b\u5f57\u9aee\uff0c\u5f57\u982d\u5448\u9310\u5f62\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u5247\u56e0\u5f57\u6838\u5bcc\u542b\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f57\u9aee\u660e\u4eae\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc\u5f57\u9aee\u524d\u7aef\u53ef\u898b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5982\u8239\u982d\u6ce2\u822c\u7684\u5f13\u72c0\u885d\u64ca\u6ce2 (bow shock)\uff1b\u53e6\u6709\u4e9b\u5f57\u661f\u96d6\u6709\u5f57\u9aee\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u898b\u5f13\u72c0\u885d\u64ca\u6ce2\uff0c\u5f57\u982d\u5247\u5448\u6c34\u6ef4\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7d50\u69cb\uff5c\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u9999\u6e2f\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u7db2\u9801\u5716\u7247<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u7576\u5f57\u661f\u904b\u884c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u592a\u967d\uff0c\u6eab\u5ea6\u6301\u7e8c\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f57\u9aee\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u8d8a\u5f62\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u70ba\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u592a\u967d\u98a8\u5439\u62c2\uff0c\u5f57\u982d\u5f8c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u7531\u6c23\u9ad4\u8207\u7d30\u5c0f\u5ca9\u77f3\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u5149\u4eae\u7684\u5f57\u5c3e\uff0c\u662f\u5f57\u661f\u89c0\u6e2c\u4e2d\u6700\u70ba\u986f\u773c\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u53ef\u7c97\u5206\u70ba\u6c23\u9ad4\u5f57\u5c3e\u548c\u5875\u57c3\u5f57\u5c3e\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u5f57\u5c3e\u76f8\u7576\u77ed\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5247\u80fd\u5283\u7834\u5929\u969b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5448\u6247\u5f62\u958b\u5c55\u6216\u77ed\u91dd\u9310\u72c0\u6307\u5411\u592a\u967d\u3002\u5f57\u661f\u6bcf\u63a5\u8fd1\u592a\u967d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u9038\u5931\u6389\u90e8\u4efd\u7269\u8cea\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u75311835\u5e74\u5fb7\u570b\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u8c9d\u585e\u723e (Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel) \u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u6709\u95dc\u5f57\u661f\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u5674\u5c04\u7406\u8ad6\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u9577\u6c99\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u4e09\u865f\u5893\uff08\u8a3b\u4e00\uff09\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u300a\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u75c5\u65b9\u300b\u5e1b\u66f8\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u81f3\u4e94\u5341\u4e09\u884c\u6240\u8f09\u6cbb\u5b30\u5152\u7608\u65b9\u4fbf\u5df2\u898b\u96db\u5f62\uff0c\u4e0a\u982d\u5beb\u6709\uff1a\u300c\u795d\u4e4b\u66f0\uff1a\u5674\u8005\u5287\u5674\uff0c\u4e0a\u5982\u5f57\u661f\u300d\u7684\u8b6c\u55bb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\"
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\"\"
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\"\"
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 <\/p>\n

\n

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 <\/p>\n

\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u624d\u5b9b\u51ac
    \n2018\u3008\u300c\u5f57\u661f\u300d\u63a2\u6e90\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u79d1\u6280\u8853\u8a9e\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u671f\uff0c\u980170-72\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u738b\u6a39\u921e
    \n2012\u3008\u5e1b\u66f8\u300a\u5929\u6587\u6c23\u8c61\u96dc\u5360\u300b\u96dc\u8003\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6e56\u5357\u7701\u535a\u7269\u9928\u9928\u520a\u300b\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8f2f\uff0c\u980125-36\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u4f55\u4ecb\u921e\u3001\u5f35\u7dad\u660e
    \n1982\u300a\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u6f22\u5893\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6587\u7269\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u5510\u7384\u4e4b
    \n2002\u3008\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e2d\u95dc\u65bc1843\uff29\u3009\u5927\u5f57\u661f\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u53ca\u5176\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\uff0c\u300a\u8003\u53e4\u8207\u6587\u7269\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\uff0c\u980162-68\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u5f90\u632f\u97dc\u3001\u8523\u7a88\u7a95
    \n1993\u3008\u6bb7\u5546\u5f57\u661f\u8a18\u4e8b\u8003\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u671f\uff0c\u9801235-239\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. \u5e2d\u6fa4\u5b97
    \n1978\u3008\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u6f22\u5893\u5e1b\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5f57\u661f\u5716\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6587\u7269\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff0c\u98015-9\u3002<\/li>\n
  7. \u5f35\u7d20\u9cf3
    \n2007\u3008\u91cb\u300c\u5e1a\u300d\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u539f\u6587\u7269\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff0c\u980188-92\u3002<\/li>\n
  8. \u99ae\u6642
    \n2017\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5929\u6587\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002<\/li>\n
  9. \u96f7\u6625\u8f1d\u3001\u8523\u5a9b\u5a9b
    \n2015\u3008\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u300c\u5f57\u661f\u300d\u7570\u540d\u8003\u8fa8\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u5be7\u590f\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u5831\u300b\uff08\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7248\uff09\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff0c\u98011-4\u3002
    \n2019\u3008\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u300c\u5f57\u661f\u300d\u7570\u540d\u8003\u8fa8\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u5be7\u590f\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u5831\u300b\uff08\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7248\uff09\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u980116-19\u3002<\/li>\n
  10. \u8d99\u8aa0
    \n1985\u3008\u8af8\u5e1a\u63a2\u7d22\u3009\uff0c\u8f2f\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u6587\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u6703\u8207\u4e2d\u83ef\u66f8\u5c40\u7de8\u8f2f\u90e8\u7de8\uff0c\u300a\u53e4\u6587\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\u300b(\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u8f2f)\uff0c\u980199-106\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u83ef\u66f8\u5c40\u3002<\/li>\n
  11. \u5289\u5149
    \n2016\u3008\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u300c\u5e1a\u300d\u7684\u69cb\u5f62\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u4ece\u300c\u5e1a\u300d\u76f8\u95dc\u5b57\u8003\u8ad6\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6bb7\u90fd\u5b78\u520a\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u671f\uff0c\u98017-12\u3002<\/li>\n
  12. \u9867\u9435\u7b26
    \n1978\u3008\u99ac\u738b\u5806\u5e1b\u66f8\u300a\u5929\u6587\u6c23\u8c61\u96dc\u5360\u300b\u5167\u5bb9\u7c21\u8ff0\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6587\u7269\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff0c\u98011-4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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