{"id":41583,"date":"2023-03-02T16:39:17","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T08:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=41583"},"modified":"2023-03-02T16:39:17","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T08:39:17","slug":"%e9%80%99%e8%8f%87%e8%83%bd%e5%90%83%e5%97%8e%ef%bc%9f%e5%a4%a7%e5%9e%8b%e7%9c%9f%e8%8f%8c%ef%bc%8d%e6%93%94%e5%ad%90%e8%8f%8c%e7%9a%84%e9%a1%9e%e5%88%a5%e8%88%87%e6%95%b8%e9%87%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=41583","title":{"rendered":"\u9019\u83c7\u80fd\u5403\u55ce\uff1f\u5927\u578b\u771f\u83cc\uff0d\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7684\u985e\u5225\u8207\u6578\u91cf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u771f\u83cc\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u985e\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u9580\u7684\u5927\u578b\u771f\u83cc\u66f4\u662f\u771f\u83cc\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002\u6b64\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6982\u7565\u4ecb\u7d39\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7368\u7279\u7684\u64d4\u5b50\u9ad4\u8207\u64d4\u5b62\u5b50\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d4\u500b\u4e9e\u9580\u7684\u5206\u985e\uff0c\u4e26\u6558\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u614b\u7fd2\u6027\u7684\u985e\u578b\u8207\u8548\u83c7\u7a2e\u985e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u6839\u64da2022\u5e74\u300aFungal Diversity<\/i>\u300b\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u76ee\u524d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u6578\uff0c\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u63a8\u4f30\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u7269\u7a2e\u6578\u76ee\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u4f55\u90c1\u5ead<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4f60\u559c\u6b61\u5403\u9999\u83c7\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u81fa\u7063\uff0c\u83c7\u985e\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u76f8\u7576\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u98df\u6750\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5b83\u5011\u7e3d\u662f\u9673\u5217\u5728\u751f\u9bae\u852c\u83dc\u5340\uff0c\u8207\u5404\u5f0f\u9752\u83dc\u64fa\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u6240\u5403\u7684\u83c7\u83c7\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u985e\u4e0a\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u771f\u83cc\u754c\u300d(Fungi)\uff0c\u548c\u690d\u7269\u76f8\u5dee\u751a\u9060\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u540c\u6a23\u4e0d\u80fd\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u8548\u83c7\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u884c\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u81ea\u884c\u7522\u751f\u990a\u5206\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u4e5f\u8207\u690d\u7269\u5927\u76f8\u9015\u5ead[1]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

[1]<\/sup> \u771f\u83cc\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u5e7e\u4e01\u8cea(chitin)\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u58c1\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5247\u70ba\u7e96\u7dad\u7d20(cellulose)<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e00\uff5c\u5728\u81fa\u7063\uff0c\u83c7\u985e\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u76f8\u7576\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u98df\u6750\u3002\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aPaula - https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/zh-tw\/photo\/129465\/<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u4ecb\u7d39\u7684\u662f\u771f\u83cc\u754c\u5167\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u76f8\u5c0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u985e\u7fa4\u2014\u2014\u300c\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u300d(Basidiomycota)\u3002\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u771f\u83cc\u5927\u7d04\u670915\u842c\u7a2e\uff0c\u800c\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u5927\u7d04\u53604\u842c\u9918\u7a2e\uff0c\u7d04\u5360\u6240\u6709\u985e\u7fa4\u76841\/4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u8349\u83c7\u3001\u91d1\u91dd\u83c7\u3001\u674f\u9b91\u83c7\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u5403\u7684\u5927\u578b\u83c7\u985e\uff0c\u6cf0\u534a\u90fd\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u985e\u7fa4\uff1b\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5403\u4e86\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u5e7b\u89ba\u3001\u8179\u7009\u7684\u83c7\u985e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5360\u5c11\u6578\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u500b\u5e73\u65e5\u559c\u6b61\u5230\u8655\u89c0\u5bdf\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u5728\u4e0b\u96e8\u904e\u5f8c\u7684\u516c\u5712\u3001\u7da0\u5730\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u6490\u8457\u5c0f\u96e8\u5098\u7684\u50a2\u4f19\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e8c\uff5c\u4e0b\u96e8\u904e\u5f8c\u7684\u516c\u5712\u3001\u7da0\u5730\u662f\u89c0\u5bdf\u83c7\u83c7\u7684\u597d\u6642\u6a5f\u3002\u5716\u70ba\u7d14\u9ec3\u767d\u9b3c\u5098(Leucocoprinus cepistipes<\/em>)\u4f86\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/taiwan.inaturalist.org\/observations\/136397348<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u8207\u985e\u5225<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

\u300c\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u300d\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u7531\u4f86\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u985e\u7fa4\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\u5668\u5b98(\u5b50\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0csporocarp)\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u64d4\u5b50\u300d(basidium)\u7684\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u800c\u64d4\u5b50\u7d93\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\u5f8c\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u7522\u751f\u55ae\u5957\u7684\u6709\u6027\u5b62\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u64d4\u5b62\u5b50(basidiospore)\u3002\u64d4\u5b62\u5b50\u8207\u64d4\u5b50\u9ad4\u7686\u4f4d\u65bc\u83cc\u8936(lamella\/gill)\u5167\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b62\u5b50\u984f\u8272\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u89c0\u5bdf\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5f97\u5c07\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8548\u83c7\u7ffb\u904e\u4f86\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u7684\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u4e09\uff5c\u64d4\u5b50\u8207\u64d4\u5b62\u5b50\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u8207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7531 Debivort - From English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=1342170<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5343\u79a7\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\u9010\u6f38\u6cdb\u7528\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u9580\u7684\u5206\u985e\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u5098\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580(Agaricomycotina)\u3001\u67c4\u93fd\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580(Pucciniomycotina)\u3001\u9ed1\u7c89\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580(Ustilaginomycotina)\uff0c\u8207\u7bc0\u64d4\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580(Wallemiomycotina)\u3002\u5098\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5404\u5f0f\u8548\u83c7(mushroom)\u8207\u99ac\u52c3(puffball)\u985e\uff1b\u67c4\u93fd\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u54e1\u6703\u5bc4\u751f\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e0a\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u8a31\u591a\u690d\u7269\u7522\u751f\u92b9\u75c5\uff1b\u9ed1\u7c89\u83cc\u4e9e\u9580\u8207\u92b9\u75c5\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5bc4\u751f\u5728\u690d\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u690d\u7269\u51fa\u73fe\u9ed1\u7c89\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7528\u751f\u614b\u7fd2\u6027\u505a\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u5247\u7d04\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u5340\u5206\u62105\u7a2e\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u70ba(1)\u8150\u751f(litter saprobic)\uff0c\u5982\u5098\u83cc(Agaricus<\/em> spp.)(2)\u6728\u751f(wood-decaying)\uff0c\u5982\u9748\u829d(Ganoderma<\/em> spp.)\uff1b(3)\u5916\u751f\u83cc\u6839(ectomycorrhizal)\uff0c\u5982\u53e3\u8611(Tricholoma<\/em> spp.)\u8207\u7d05\u83c7(Russula<\/em> spp.)\uff1b(4)\u9175\u6bcd\u72c0(yeast-like)\u7684\u96d9\u5f62\u6027\u771f\u83cc\uff0c\u5982\u9280\u8033\u7db1(Tremellomycetes)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca(5)\u5bc4\u751f(plant parasitic)\uff0c\u5982\u92b9\u83cc(rust fimngi)\u8207\u9ed1\u7c89\u83cc(smut fungi)\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u56db\uff5c\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u5927\u8c46\u92b9\u75c5\u7684\u8449\u7247\u3002\u4f86\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=1214938<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u9580\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u6578\u91cf<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

2022\u5e745\u6708\uff0cSpringer\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u96d9\u6708\u520a\u300aFungal Diversity<\/em>\u300b\u4fbf\u4f01\u5283\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u771f\u83cc\u6578\u91cf\u300d\u7684\u5c08\u520a\u3002\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7a2eOO\uff1f\u300d\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8a72\u671f\u7279\u520a\u5206\u5225\u6536\u9304\u4e86\u6de1\u6c34\u771f\u83cc\u3001\u6709\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\u7684\u5b50\u56ca\u83cc\u3001\u7121\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\u7684\u771f\u83cc\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u7fa4\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u7167\u9019\u671f\u5c08\u520a\u7684\u6574\u7406\u8207\u56de\u9867\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7c97\u4f30\u7d04\u67091,170\u842c-1,320\u842c\u7a2e\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u9580\u5247\u4f30\u8a08\u7d04\u6709140\u842c-420\u842c\u7a2e\uff0c\u5c07\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u767c\u8868\u7684\u771f\u83cc\u7269\u7a2e\u6578\u91cf\u8207\u4e4b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c07\u8fd1\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u904e\u53ea\u662f\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u89d2\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u6a39\u7a2e\u5927\u7d04\u670914%\u9084\u6c92\u88ab\u4eba\u985e\u767c\u73fe<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u8d77\u771f\u83cc\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u9060\u9060\u7529\u4e86\u5e7e\u689d\u8857\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u9084\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u8b0e\u5718\uff0c\u7b49\u8457\u6709\u5fd7\u4e4b\u58eb\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u4e00\u4e00\u89e3\u958b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da\u8fd110\u5e74\u4f86\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7269\u7a2e\u767c\u8868\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u63a8\u4f30\uff0c\u81f32030\u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u64d4\u5b50\u83cc\u7684\u7269\u7a2e\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u4ee5\u9054\u52305\u842c4\u5343\u7a2e\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60f3\u8981\u767c\u8868\u771f\u83cc\u65b0\u7a2e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u591a\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n

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\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. He, MQ., Zhao, RL., Hyde, K.D. et al. Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota. Fungal Diversity 99, 105\u2013367 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13225-019-00435-4<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. He, MQ., Zhao, RL., Liu, DM. et al. Species diversity of Basidiomycota. Fungal Diversity 114, 281\u2013325 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13225-021-00497-3<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Hyde, K.D. The numbers of fungi. Fungal Diversity 114, 1 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13225-022-00507-y<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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