{"id":39009,"date":"2018-12-26T00:00:29","date_gmt":"2018-12-25T16:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=39009"},"modified":"2022-01-04T17:11:35","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T09:11:35","slug":"%e5%85%ac%e5%b9%b3%e5%85%ac%e6%ad%a3%e7%9a%84ai%ef%bc%8c%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e5%97%8e%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=39009","title":{"rendered":"\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u6b63\u7684AI\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u55ce\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u6b63\u7684AI\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u55ce\uff1f\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u7de8\u8b6f\uff0f \u9ec3\u67cf\u744b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53cd\u4e8b\u5be6\u89e3\u91cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u9280\u884c\u771f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u516c\u958b\u8cb8\u6b3e\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4ee5\u9054\u5230\u5168\u7136\u7684\u900f\u660e\u55ce\uff1f\u4f01\u696d\u53c8\u61c9\u8a72\u516c\u5e03\u591a\u5c11\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8b93\u61c9\u5fb5\u8005\u8db3\u5920\u77ad\u89e3\u7be9\u9078\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u300c\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\uff09\u63ed\u9732\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u662f\u4e0b\u4e0b\u7b56\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u8003\u616e\u771f\u6b63\u5f71\u97ff\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u660e\u767d\u6a5f\u5668\u7a76\u7adf\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u66f4\u60f3\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8a55\u5224\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u300d\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u6578\u64da\u502b\u7406\u8207\u7db2\u8def\u898f\u7bc4\u6559\u6388Sandra Watcher\u8aaa\u9053\u3002\u53cd\u4e8b\u5be6\u89e3\u91cb\uff08counterfactual explanation\uff09\uff1a\u4ee4\u7cfb\u7d71\u76f4\u63a5\u544a\u77e5\u7528\u6236\u7ffb\u8f49\u539f\u5148\u5224\u6c7a\u3001\u9054\u5230\u7406\u60f3\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u900f\u660e\u5316\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u501f\u8cb8\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u8a55\u5224\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u900f\u660e\u5316\u7cfb\u7d71\u61c9\u80fd\u5920\u5411\u7528\u6236\u89e3\u91cb\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u8cb8\u6b3e\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u7ffb\u8f49\u539f\u5224\u6c7a\uff1f\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5e33\u6236\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u6b3e\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u82e5\u5132\u84c4\u9054\u5230\u67d0\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u91d1\u984d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u7372\u5f97\u8cb8\u6b3e\u8cc7\u683c\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u89e3\u91cb\u548c\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u76e3\u63a7\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u7576\u7cfb\u7d71\u5411\u7528\u6236\u63d0\u51fa\u6096\u96e2\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u6216\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u50cf\u8b8a\u66f4\u819a\u8272\u6216\u8fd4\u8001\u9084\u7ae5\u7b49\u6642\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u54e1\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f9d\u6b64\u4fee\u6b63\u6a5f\u5668\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u8cc7\u6599\u6216\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u7528\u6236\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u9234\u9084\u9700\u7e6b\u9234\u4eba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53ea\u662f\uff0c\u300c\u53cd\u4e8b\u5be6\u89e3\u91cb\u300d\u4fbf\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b49AI\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7d66\u4e88\u751f\u6d3b\u8f03\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u3001\u5e74\u7d00\u8f03\u8f15\u7537\u6027\u5ba2\u6236\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f15\u9b06\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u548c\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u300d\uff08equity\uff09\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fdd\u96aaAI\u8981\u6c42\u5973\u6027\u9054\u5230\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4e00\u6a23\u591a\u7684\u9ad4\u8102\uff0c\u65b9\u53ef\u53d6\u5f97\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u5065\u4fdd\u8cbb\u7387\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u7684\u751f\u7406\u689d\u4ef6\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u751f\u4f86\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a55\u5224\u6a19\u6e96\u986f\u7136\u4e26\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5f88\u96e3\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6240\u6709\u300c\u4e0d\u516c\u300d\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u505a\u6c7a\u65b7\u6642\u6392\u9664\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u6027\u5225\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5e74\u7d00\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7a2e\u65cf\u300d\u70ba\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u5075\u932f\u4e26\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u300c\u9ad4\u529b\u300d\u3001\u300c\u90f5\u905e\u5340\u865f\u300d\u7b49\u5177\u6f5b\u5728\u6b67\u8996\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5224\u6e96\uff0c\u537b\u5f88\u96e3\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u88ab\u5254\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u518d\u600e\u9ebc\u4e0d\u504f\u4e0d\u501a\u7684AI\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5c0e\u6b63\u4e00\u500b\u672c\u8cea\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u6839\u64da\u5831\u5c0e\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u79fb\u6c11\u53ca\u6d77\u95dc\u57f7\u6cd5\u5c40\uff08U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement\uff0cICE\uff09\u66fe\u7d93\u5c0d\u4e00\u5efa\u8b70\u300c\u662f\u5426\u62d8\u7559\u6216\u91cb\u653e\u5373\u5c07\u88ab\u9a45\u9010\u7684\u5f85\u5be9\u79fb\u6c11\u300d\u7684AI\u52d5\u904e\u624b\u8173\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u300c\u5efa\u8b70\u91cb\u653e\u300d\u7684\u9078\u9805\u7531\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u96d6\u79fb\u6c11\u5b98\u4ecd\u53ef\u9078\u64c7\u7121\u8996\u6a5f\u5668\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u53e6\u70ba\u5224\u6c7a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u5c0e\u81f4\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u4eba\u6578\u56e0\u6b64\u66b4\u589e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u600e\u6a23\u624d\u7b97\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u4e26\u975e\u7d14\u7cb9\u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u5728\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u9019\u9805\u5de5\u5177\u5468\u906d\u7684\u793e\u6703\u6c1b\u570d\u8207\u516c\u773e\u610f\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7de8\u8b6f\u4f86\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n

L. Matsakis, \u201cWhat does a fair algorithm actually look like?<\/a>\u201d,\u00a0WIRED<\/em>, 11 Oct 2018.<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

C. Molnar, \u201cInterpretable Machine Learning: A Guide for Making Black Box Models Explainable<\/a>\u201c, Ch 6.1, Christophm.github.io, 2018.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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