{"id":38710,"date":"2019-07-11T00:00:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-10T16:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=38710"},"modified":"2022-01-04T02:00:34","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T18:00:34","slug":"%e7%a8%ae%e7%93%9c%e5%be%97%e7%93%9c-ai%e4%b9%9f%e7%95%a5%e6%87%82%e7%95%a5%e6%87%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=38710","title":{"rendered":"\u7a2e\u74dc\u5f97\u74dc AI\u4e5f\u7565\u61c2\u7565\u61c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"single-post-media clr\">\n<div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/MnistExamples.png\" alt=\"\u7a2e\u74dc\u5f97\u74dc AI\u4e5f\u7565\u61c2\u7565\u61c2\" width=\"500\" height=\"303\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"entry clr\">\n<div class=\"pf-content\">\n<p><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff0f\u9673\u5ba3\u8c6a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6578\u64da\u4e2d\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u96dc\u8a0a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u5e0c\u671b\u69cb\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u80fd\u8fa8\u8b58\u624b\u5beb\u6578\u5b57\u7684AI\u8996\u89ba\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6703\u4f7f\u7528MNIST\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u5df2\u88ab\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u624b\u5beb\u6578\u5b57\u5716\u50cf\u8a13\u7df4\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e0d\u932f\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u5011\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u8b8a\u9805\u2500\u4f8b\u5982\u76f8\u540c\u6578\u5b57\u4f46\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u5f69\u2500\u7cfb\u7d71\u6e96\u78ba\u7387\u4fbf\u7531\u539f\u514884.3\uff05\u9a5f\u964d\u81f3\u50c510\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\u6578\u5b57\u7b26\u865f\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u66f8\u5beb\u6642\u7684\u58a8\u6c34\u984f\u8272\u7121\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5e36\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u5f69\u7684MNIST\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u537b\u8aa4\u5c07\u300c\u984f\u8272\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6578\u5b57\u8fa8\u8b58\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u300c\u5f62\u72c0\u300d\u3002\u9019\u7a2eBottou\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u865b\u5047\u76f8\u95dc\u300d\uff08spurious correlation\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u539f\u5148\u8a13\u7df4\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u7531\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\uff0cBottou\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u5011\u6392\u9664\u6240\u6709\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u56e0\u70ba\u8aa4\u89e3\u8cc7\u6599\u7279\u6027\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u865b\u5047\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u7559\u4e0b\u6216\u8da8\u8fd1\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u4e2d\u7686\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u8b8a\u6027\u8cea\u300d\uff08invariance\uff09\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u4e0d\u8b8a\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u6a5f\u5668\u4fbf\u53ef\u63a8\u8ad6\u51fa\u4efb\u4e00\u5e72\u9810\u6216\u8b8a\u56e0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6703\u5c0d\u6574\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u9020\u6210\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8207\u5f8c\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6578\u5b57\u7b26\u865f\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u6a5f\u5668\u4e00\u65e6\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u8f15\u9b06\u63a8\u65b7\u51fa\uff1a\u6539\u8b8a\u7b26\u865f\u5f62\u72c0\uff08\u56e0\uff09\u4e5f\u6703\u9023\u5e36\u6539\u8b8a\u5176\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff08\u679c\uff09\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u7b26\u865f\u984f\u8272\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u5247\u5c0d\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u6c92\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u9019\u597d\u6bd4\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u77e5\u300c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u9ad4\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7576\u4f60\u653e\u958b\u4e00\u9846\u7403\u6642\uff08\u56e0\uff09\uff0c\u61c9\u53ef\u63a8\u65b7\u5b83\u6700\u7d42\u6703\u843d\u5230\u5730\u4e0a\uff08\u679c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u96dc\u71f4\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u662f\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5c07\u591a\u6a23\u4e14\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6578\u64da\u90fd\u7d0d\u5165\u55ae\u4e00\u8a13\u7df4\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u904eBottou\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53cd\u800c\u9069\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6240\u8490\u96c6\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5408\u4f75\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u4e1f\u5931\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u865b\u5047\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bottou\u5247\u63a1\u7528\u5169\u7d44\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f69\u8272MNIST\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u4f86\u8a13\u7df4AI\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u984f\u8272\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f31\u5316\u984f\u8272-\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u865b\u5047\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u52a0\u5f37\u5f62\u72c0-\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8fa8\u8b58\u6b63\u78ba\u7387\u905470\uff05\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u900f\u904e\u8a13\u7df4\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b78\u6703\u5ffd\u7565\u865b\u5047\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u50c5\u95dc\u6ce8\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e0d\u8b8a\u6027\u8cea\u2500\u7b26\u865f\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bottou\u548c\u5176\u5718\u968a\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5c07\u5617\u8a66\u6bd4\u5f69\u8272\u6578\u5b57\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c07\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u6211\u5011\u5c1a\u4e0d\u77ad\u89e3\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u4fbf\u80fd\u9810\u6e2c\u5be6\u65bd\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6548\u679c\u70ba\u4f55\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u7528\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u8a55\u4f30\u5404\u7a2e\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u672a\u4f86\u6216\u8a31\u80fd\u5354\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u638c\u63e1\u4e8b\u7269\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u6210\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u63a1\u53d6\u5404\u7a2e\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\u4f86\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K. Hao,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/s\/613502\/deep-learning-could-reveal-why-the-world-works-the-way-it-does\/\">\u201cDeep learning could reveal why the world works the way it does<\/a>\u201d,\u00a0<em>MIT Technology Review<\/em>, 2019.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L. Bottou, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/leon.bottou.org\/talks\/invariances\">Learning Representation with Causal Invariance (ICLR 2019)<\/a>\u201d,\u00a0<em>leon.bottou.org<\/em>, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>(\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u88dc\u52a9\u300cAI\u5831\u5831\u2500AI\u79d1\u666e\u63a8\u5ee3\u8a08\u756b\u300d\u57f7\u884c\u5718\u968a\u7de8\u8b6f)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u975e\u5e38\u64c5\u9577\u5728\u832b\u832b\u6578\u64da\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\u5341\u5206\u597d\u5947\uff1a\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u5426\u5354\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u627e\u5230\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u91d0\u6e05\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1f2019\u5e745\u6708\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7d10\u5967\u826f\u8209\u8fa6\u7684ICLR\u6703\u8b70\uff08\u97f3\u540ceye-clear\uff0cInternational Conference on Learning Representations\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u81c9\u66f8AI\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u9580\u548c\u7d10\u7d04\u5927\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u54e1L\u00e9on Bottou\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u5617\u8a66\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":38711,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3772,3293],"tags":[5921,5922,5424,5021,5923],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/MnistExamples.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38710"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38710"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38712,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38710\/revisions\/38712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/38711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}