{"id":38363,"date":"2020-02-24T00:00:03","date_gmt":"2020-02-23T16:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=38363"},"modified":"2022-01-03T15:28:11","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T07:28:11","slug":"%e5%85%a8%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%98%af%e5%8f%b0%e9%9b%bb%e8%85%a63-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=38363","title":{"rendered":"\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u53f0\u96fb\u8166(3\/3)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u53f0\u96fb\u8166(3\/3)\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u64b0\u6587\uff0fDavid P. Anderson &\u00a0John Kubiatowicz\uff5c\u8b6f\u8005\uff0f\u937e\u6a39\u4eba<\/strong>
\n\u8f49\u8f09\u81ea\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u4eba\u300b2004\u5e744\u6708\u7b2c26\u671f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u67b6\u69cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u95dc\u65bcISOS\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u5021\u5169\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\uff1a\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u767c\u865f\u53f8\u4ee4\u3002\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a31\u70ba\u5fae\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u8f03\u9ad8\u968e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5247\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u578b\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5fae\u6838\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u80fd\u8b93\u9664\u932f\u8207\u7f6e\u63db\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9032\u884c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u5f0f\u9996\u898b\u65bc\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4e26\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u5546\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u8996\u7a97NT\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5fae\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

ISOS\u5177\u5099\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\uff08\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u9577\u671f\u5b89\u6392\uff09\u3001\u6392\u7a0b\uff08\u900f\u904e\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u500b\u5225\u4e3b\u6a5f\u5c07\u5de5\u4f5c\u653e\u9032\u5e8f\u5217\uff09\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u767c\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u6a5f\u5236\u3002ISOS\u61c9\u8a72\u548c\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u500b\u5225\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

ISOS\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u6240\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8ca0\u8cac\u5354\u8abf\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6240\u6709\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u8d0a\u52a9\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8cb7\u8ce3\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5354\u6703\uff08\u96d6\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u5bb6ISOS\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u9032\u884c\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u70ba\u4e86\u7c21\u5316\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff09\u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u67d0\u4e9b\u9ede\u5c0d\u9ede\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u76db\u884c\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u592e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4f86\u78ba\u4fdd\u67d0\u4e9b\u654f\u611f\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u79c1\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u6703\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u95dc\u65bc\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u9023\u7d50ISOS\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u8b8a\u5f97\u904e\u65bc\u9f90\u5927\u7b28\u62d9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u96a8\u6642\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u56e0\u7121\u6cd5\u806f\u7e6b\u800c\u7cfb\u7d71\u963b\u585e\u7684\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6182\u616e\u662f\u6beb\u7121\u4e8b\u5be6\u6839\u64da\u7684\uff1a\u5177\u5099\u5408\u7406\u6578\u76ee\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8f15\u6613\u5132\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u9023\u7db2\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u8207\u9019\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6e9d\u901a\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cNapster\u53ea\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u4e2d\u592e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8655\u7406\u9ad8\u90546000\u842c\u500b\u7528\u6236\u3002\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53e2\u53ef\u96a8\u6642\u64f4\u5145\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5373\u4f7f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u77ed\u66ab\u5931\u53bb\u806f\u7d61\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684ISOS\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u4ecd\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ISOS\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53e2\u6703\u7dad\u8b77\u5b58\u6709\u8cc7\u6e90\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u653f\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u4efb\u52d9\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u63cf\u8ff0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u4f5c\u696d\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u8655\u7406\u5668\u6b3e\u5f0f\u8207\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8207\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u789f\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u958b\u6a5f\u8207\u9023\u7dda\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u653f\u7b56\u5247\u8a73\u52a0\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u898f\u5247\u3002\u4efb\u52d9\u6027\u8cea\u5247\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u6d3e\u7d66\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8cc7\u6599\u8655\u7406\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9806\u5e8f\u3002
\n\u8981\u8b93\u96fb\u8166\u80fd\u70ba\u7db2\u8def\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u8ce3\u65b9\u9700\u806f\u7d61\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53e2\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u7db2\u7ad9\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f09\u4e26\u5b89\u88ddISOS\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c07\u8cc7\u6e90\u9023\u4e0aISOS\u5e33\u6236\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5f8c\u7e8c\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002ISOS\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u8ca0\u8cac\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u6a5f\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u5f9eISOS\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53e2\u53d6\u5f97\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u6e05\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8cc7\u6e90\u8cb7\u65b9\u5247\u9001\u7d66\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4efb\u52d9\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08\u5728\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c\u7684\uff09\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411ISOS\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u7d44\u53ef\u57f7\u884c\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u8cc7\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u5099\u4efd\u670d\u52d9\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u53ea\u5076\u723e\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u746a\u8389\u7684\u7b46\u8a18\u578b\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u6bd4\u6301\u7e8c\u9023\u7dda\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u82b1\u8cbb\u66f4\u4f4e\uff09\u3002ISOS\u5247\u8ca0\u8cac\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u4f4d\u5740\u8207\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7a0b\u5f0f\u80fd\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u9593\u76f4\u63a5\u6e9d\u901a\u3002\u7576\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7121\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u3002ISOS\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u898f\u5b9a\u7528\u6236\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u3001\u670d\u52d9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u670d\u52d9\u600e\u9ebc\u5411\u7528\u6236\u6536\u8cbb\uff08\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4ed8\u7d66\u4e3b\u6a5f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6b3e\u9805\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u7531ISOS\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5ISOS\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u50cf\u662f\u8cc7\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3001\u6392\u7a0b\u8207\u901a\u8a0a\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5df2\u7dbd\u7dbd\u6709\u9918\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5171\u901a\u6b21\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u500b\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\u5c31\u5927\u6709\u52a9\u76ca\uff0c\u53ef\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5354\u52a9\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b0\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u53ef\u6574\u5408\u9032\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e0a\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u88e1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7368\u7acb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u914d\u5408ISOS\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6703\u5728\u5e7e\u767e\u842c\u500b\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4e4b\u9593\u6563\u64ad\u8cc7\u8a0a\u526f\u672c\u8207\u904b\u7b97\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u5b58\u53d6\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u9054\u6210\u9019\u500b\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6703\u5728\u6b0a\u9650\u4e4b\u5167\u5229\u7528\u5168\u57df\u552f\u4e00\u8b58\u5225\u78bc\uff08Globally Unique Identifiers, GUIDs\uff09\u70ba\u7269\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u540d\u7a31\u80fd\u8b93\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7269\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5411\u7269\u4ef6\u63d0\u51fa\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u300d\u3002\u505a\u5230\u7368\u7acb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u5c08\u9580\u8655\u7406GUIDs\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff0c\u4f46\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e26\u7121\u6cd5\u8655\u7406\u4f86\u81ea\u6578\u767e\u842c\u53f0\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u3002\u6240\u4ee5ISOS\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\u63a1\u53d6\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07GUIDs\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5206\u6563\u5230\u5404\u500b\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u5728\u958b\u767c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u67cf\u514b\u840a\u5206\u6821\u7684\u300c\u6d77\u91cf\u5009\u5eab\u300d\u6c38\u4e45\u8cc7\u6599\u5132\u5b58\u8a08\u756b\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u7576\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u672c\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u526f\u672c\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u7269\u4ef6\u7684GUID\u5fc5\u9808\u6307\u5411\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u526f\u672c\u3002\u5b58\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u6a5f\u5236\u5fc5\u9808\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u65b0\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u4ef0\u8cf4\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u5b9a\uff08Byzantine agreement protocols\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u67091\/3\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e3b\u6a5f\u60f3\u8981\u504f\u96e2\u6b63\u8ecc\uff0c\u6574\u7fa4\u4e3b\u6a5f\u4ecd\u80fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\uff1a\u5de5\u5177\u5957\u4ef6\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u4f9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u8f49\u63db\uff08\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u6027\u8cea\u5404\u7570\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5eab\u540c\u6b65\u5316\uff08\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e3b\u6a5f\u9593\u7684\u5354\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

ISOS\u9762\u81e8\u719f\u6089\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5ef6\u7de9\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u7684\u63a1\u7528\uff1a\u5728\u5ba2\u6236\u7fa4\u672a\u9054\u4e00\u5b9a\u898f\u6a21\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5be5\u5be5\u7121\u5e7e\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u7121\u6cd5\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7fa4\u5c31\u5c07\u7dad\u6301\u5c0f\u773e\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8aaa\u670d\u8db3\u5920\u591a\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u8207\u7528\u6236\u4e86\u89e3ISOS\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u8b93\u5ba2\u6236\u7fa4\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u95dc\u9375\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u5c31\u6703\u5feb\u901f\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

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(\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u88dc\u52a9\u300cAI\u5831\u5831\u2500AI\u79d1\u666e\u63a8\u5ee3\u8a08\u756b\u300d\u53d6\u5f97\u7db2\u8def\u8f49\u8f09\u6388\u6b0a)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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