{"id":37642,"date":"2021-12-21T00:31:42","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T16:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37642"},"modified":"2021-11-29T10:56:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T02:56:00","slug":"%e6%8a%97%e8%8f%8c%e5%85%8d%e7%96%ab%e5%8a%9b%e5%8f%af%e9%80%8f%e9%81%8e%e8%a1%a8%e8%a7%80%e9%81%ba%e5%82%b3%e5%82%b3%e9%81%9e%e7%b5%a6%e4%b8%8b%e4%b8%80%e4%bb%a3%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37642","title":{"rendered":"\u6297\u83cc\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u50b3\u905e\u7d66\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5f71\u97ff\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u6a5f\u5236\u5305\u542b DNA \u7532\u57fa\u5316\u3001RNA\u5e72\u64fe\u548c\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u4fee\u98fe\u3002\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u5f71\u97ff\u57fa\u56e0\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u8868\u9054\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u907a\u50b3\u7d66\u5f8c\u4ee3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u89aa\u4ee3\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u771f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u6297\u7d30\u83cc\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u907a\u50b3\u7d66\u5b50\u4ee3\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u91dd\u5c0d\u690d\u7269\u53ca\u7121\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u63a2\u8a0e\u904e\u9019\u9805\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\u8377\u862d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u5df2\u9996\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u52d5\u7269\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5148\u5929\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7684\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u8b49\u5be6\u53d7\u904e\u767d\u8272\u5ff5\u73e0\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u96c4\u6027\u5c0f\u9f20\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u4ee3\u5c0d\u5927\u8178\u687f\u83cc\u53ca\u674e\u65af\u7279\u83cc\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u529b\u4e5f\u8f03\u4f73\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: Pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff0f\u9673\u6df5\u9293<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\uff08epigenetics\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca DNA \u5e8f\u5217\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u53ef\u907a\u50b3\u8868\u73fe\u578b\uff08phenotype\uff09\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8868\u73fe\u578b\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u4e26\u975e\u5c0e\u56e0\u65bc\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff08genotype\uff09\u7684\u8b8a\u7570\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u7121\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002DNA \u7532\u57fa\u5316\uff08DNA methylation\uff09\u3001\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u4fee\u98fe\uff08histone modification\uff09\u548c\u975e\u7de8\u78bc RNA (non-coding RNA, nc RNA) \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6c89\u9ed8\uff08gene silencing\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u555f\u52d5\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u3002\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u5f71\u97ff\u57fa\u56e0\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u8868\u9054\uff08gene activity and expression\uff09\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u986f\u73fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f49\u79fb\u7d66\u5f8c\u4ee3\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u578b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u8b8a\u5316\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e74\u9f61\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u75be\u75c5\u7b49\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u4e0a\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u898f\u5f8b\u4e14\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u7684 DNA \u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u4e2d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\u5e7e\u4ee3\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

1.\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a<\/p>\n

\u57281969 \u5e74\uff0c\u683c\u91cc\u83f2\u65af\uff08J. S. Griffith\uff09\u548c\u99ac\u52d2\uff08H. R. Mahler\uff09\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa DNA \u7532\u57fa\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 DNA\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u5ee3\u6cdb\u548c\u8868\u5fb5\u6700\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u4fee\u98fe\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fee\u98fe\u5305\u62ec\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u91cd\u5851\u3001\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u4fee\u98fe\u548c nc RNA\u6a5f\u5236\u7b49\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\u5247\u662f\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u8207\u764c\u75c7\u3001\u667a\u529b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3001\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u4f4e\u843d\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u7919\u548c\u5152\u79d1\u75be\u75c5\u7b49\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u5f71\u97ff\u5f8c\u4ee3\u7684\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3<\/p>\n

\u74b0\u5883\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8207\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u968e\u6bb5\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u5230\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u7522\u524d\u548c\u7522\u5f8c\u65e9\u671f\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6210\u4eba\u767c\u751f\u5404\u7a2e\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u969c\u7919\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u8207\u6c92\u6709\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u98e2\u8352\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u5728\u61f7\u5b55\u65e9\u671f\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u98e2\u8352\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u60a3\u51a0\u5fc3\u75c5\u548c\u80a5\u80d6\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u8f03\u9ad8\uff1b\u6bcd\u89aa\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u7a7a\u6c23\u6c61\u67d3\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u5979\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u6613\u60a3\u54ee\u5598\uff1b\u51fa\u751f\u524d\u6bcd\u89aa\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u98e2\u8352\u7684\u80ce\u5152\uff0c\u9577\u5927\u6210\u5e74\u5f8c\u60a3\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u660e\u986f\u8f03\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u97ff\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u548c\u500b\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7<\/p>\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u6a19\u8a18\u5728\u6210\u5e74\u671f\u66f4\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u6548\u61c9\u5728\u5b50\u5bae\u5167\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u8b8a\u5316\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9006\u8f49\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u66b4\u9732\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a DNA \u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u78ba\u5b9a\u5065\u5eb7\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u74b0\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u6a19\u7c64\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u6613\u611f\u6027\uff08disease susceptibility\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6c61\u67d3\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df2\u767c\u73fe\u7a7a\u6c23\u6c61\u67d3\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8a98\u767c DNA \u7532\u57fa\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u52a0\u7f79\u60a3\u795e\u7d93\u9000\u5316\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u5e78\u904b\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 B \u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u4eba\u985e\u514d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u5bb3\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u8207\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2<\/p>\n

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\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u9996\u5ea6\u767c\u73fe\u5c0d\u6297\u7d30\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u4fdd\u8b77\u529b\u53ef\u907a\u50b3\u7d66\u5f8c\u4ee3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u57282021\u5e74\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u9996\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u54fa\u4e73\u52d5\u7269\u5148\u5929\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u8b49\u5be6\u53d7\u904e\u771f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u516c\u9f20\u7684\u5b50\u4ee3\u5c0d\u7d30\u83cc\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u529b\u8f03\u4f73\uff0c\u6210\u679c\u5df2\u520a\u767b\u65bc\u570b\u969b\u671f\u520a\u300aNature Immunology\u300b\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u771f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u9020\u6210\u514d\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u5c0f\u9f20\u5206\u6210\u5169\u7d44\uff1a\u89aa\u4ee3\u516c\u9f20\u53d7\u5230\u771f\u83cc\uff0d\u767d\u8272\u5ff5\u73e0\u83cc\uff08Candida albicans<\/em>\uff09\u611f\u67d3\u53ca\u672a\u53d7\u904e\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u516c\u9f20\uff0c\u518d\u5206\u5225\u4ee5\u7d30\u83cc\uff0d\u5927\u8178\u687f\u83cc\uff08Escherichia coli<\/em>\uff09\u53ca\u674e\u65af\u7279\u83cc\uff08Listeria monocytogenes<\/em>\uff09\u611f\u67d3\u9019\u5169\u7d44\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u5b50\u4ee3\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\u89aa\u4ee3\u53d7\u904e\u767d\u8272\u5ff5\u73e0\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u5c0f\u9f20\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d30\u83cc\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u80ba\u81df\u53ca\u809d\u81df\u4e2d\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u6578\u91cf\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u5c0d\u6297\u5167\u6bd2\u7d20\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u589e\u5f37\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u767c\u708e\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6fc0\u7d20\uff08cytokine\uff09\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4ea6\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89aa\u4ee3\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u4fdd\u8b77\u529b\u9084\u80fd\u907a\u50b3\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u53d7\u904e\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u5b50\u4ee3\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e3b\u8981\u986f\u73fe\u5728\u5169\u65b9\u9762\uff1a(1)\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u7d44\u7e54\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\uff08Major histocompatibility complex class II\uff09\u6d3b\u6027\u589e\u52a0\uff1b(2)\u55ae\u6838\u7403\u524d\u9a45\u7d30\u80de\uff08monocyte precursor\uff09\u7684\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u8abf\u63a7\u3002\u8a72\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u767c\u73fe\u53d7\u904e\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u516c\u9f20\u7cbe\u5b50\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684 DNA \u7532\u57fa\u5316\u6a19\u8a18\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5c0f\u9f20\u514d\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u6a19\u8a18\u80fd\u6d3b\u5316\u8207\u767c\u708e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u5f71\u97ff\u9aa8\u9ad3\u4e2d\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u767c\u80b2\uff08\u5982\u55ae\u6838\u7403\u7684\u5206\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u9996\u5ea6\u8b49\u5be6\u5728\u5c0f\u9f20\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89aa\u4ee3\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u53d7\u5230\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u7684\u8abf\u63a7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4fdd\u8b77\u529b\u53ef\u907a\u50b3\u7d66\u5b50\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u4f86\u4ecd\u9808\u6301\u7e8c\u63a2\u8a0e\u516c\u9f20\u7cbe\u5b50\u7684\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u6a19\u8a18\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u9aa8\u9ad3\u4e2d\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u5316\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u53d7\u904e\u767d\u8272\u5ff5\u73e0\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6bcd\u9f20\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u4e5f\u6703\u907a\u50b3\u5b50\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u7cbe\u5b50\u7684DNA\u7532\u57fa\u5316\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u6a5f\u5236\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u7ffb\u8f49\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u57fa\u56e0\u8a0a\u606f\u53ef\u907a\u50b3\u5230\u5f8c\u4ee3\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\uff0c\u8207\u57fa\u56e0\u6539\u8b8a\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9577\u671f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u9069\u61c9\u76f8\u8f03\uff0c\u8868\u89c0\u907a\u50b3\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u50b3\u905e\u89aa\u4ee3\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u50b3\u905e\u5b50\u4ee3\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Natale F<\/a>, Vivo M<\/a>, Falco G<\/a>, Angrisano T<\/a>. Deciphering DNA methylation signatures of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis. Clin Epigenetics.<\/a> 2019, 1(1):132. doi: 10.1186\/s13148-019-0728-8.<\/li>\n
  2. Saenen ND<\/a>, Martens DS<\/a>, Neven KY<\/a>, Alfano R<\/a>, Bov\u00e9 H<\/a>, Janssen BG<\/a>, Roels HA<\/a>, Plusquin M<\/a>, Vrijens K<\/a>, Nawrot TS<\/a>. Air pollution-induced placental alterations: an interplay of oxidative stress, epigenetics, and the aging phenotype? Clin Epigenetics.<\/a> 2019, 11(1):124. doi: 10.1186\/s13148-019-0688.<\/li>\n
  3. Katzmarski N, Dom\u00ednguez-Andr\u00e9s J, Cirovic B, Renieris G, Ciarlo E, Le Roy D, Lepikhov K, Kattler K, Gasparoni G, H\u00e4ndler K, Theis H, Beyer M, van der Meer JWM, Joosten LAB, Walter J, Schultze JL, Roger T, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Schlitzer A, Netea MG. Transmission of trained immunity and heterologous resistance to infections across generations.Nat Immunol. 2021 Nov;22(11):1382-1390. doi: 10.1038\/s41590-021-01052-7. Epub 2021 Oct 18..<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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