{"id":37466,"date":"2021-11-10T00:56:34","date_gmt":"2021-11-09T16:56:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37466"},"modified":"2021-11-05T11:05:13","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T03:05:13","slug":"covid-19%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e7%9a%84%e5%97%85%e8%a6%ba%e5%8f%8a%e5%91%b3%e8%a6%ba%e7%95%b0%e5%b8%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37466","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u55c5\u89ba\u53ca\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aPixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u55c5\u89ba\u548c\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u6642\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u767c\u751f\u6642\u8981\u6bd4\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c7\u72c0\u7de9\u89e3\u5f8c\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u548c\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u5f88\u9577\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u986f\u793a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u611f\u67d3\u3001\u767c\u708e\u53ca\u96a8\u5f8c\u9ecf\u819c\u4e0a\u975e\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u55c5\u89ba\u611f\u89ba\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u548c\u5473\u857e\u529f\u80fd\u55aa\u5931\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e86\u55c5\u89ba\u53ca\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u767c\u75c5\u6a5f\u5236\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u8868\u73fe\u548cCOVID-19 \u5f15\u8d77\u60a3\u8005\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u9673\u6df5\u9293<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u611f\u61c9\u5206\u5225\u7531\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u4f86\u57f7\u884c\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u55c5\u89ba\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u4f4d\u65bc\u9f3b\u8154\u9802\u90e8\u9f3b\u4e2d\u8188\u5169\u5074\u4e4b\u4e0a\u76ae\uff0c\u7531\u4e0a\u76ae\u3001\u55c5\u89ba\u53ca\u57fa\u5e95\u7d30\u80de\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u8ef8\u7a81\u8207\u4f4d\u65bc\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7522\u751f\u7a81\u89f8\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u8ef8\u7a81\u5f80\u5f8c\u5f62\u6210\u55c5\u5f91\uff08olfactory tract\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5c07\u55c5\u89ba\u885d\u52d5\u50b3\u5230\u5927\u8166\u76ae\u8cea\u4e4b\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u89ba\u5340\uff0d\u9873\u8449\u6d77\u99ac\u56de\uff0c\u7d93\u8a6e\u91cb\u800c\u7522\u751f\u55c5\u89ba\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u885d\u52d5\u4e0d\u9808\u7d93\u904e\u8996\u4e18\u5373\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u5927\u8166\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u95be\u503c\uff08threshold\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u55c5\u89ba\u7684\u9069\u61c9\u5177\u6709\u5c08\u4e00\u6027\u3002\u5473\u89ba\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u4f4d\u65bc\u5473\u857e\uff0c\u5473\u857e\u7531\u7531\u4e0a\u76ae\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u53ca\u57fa\u5e95\u7d30\u80de\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5473\u89ba\u885d\u52d5\u7531\u5473\u857e\u5167\u7684\u5473\u89ba\u7d30\u80de\u6cbf\u8457\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u5148\u50b3\u5165\u5ef6\u9ad3\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u8996\u4e18\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7d42\u6b62\u65bc\u5927\u8166\u76ae\u8cea\u9802\u8449\u4e4b\u4e3b\u8981\u5473\u89ba\u5340\uff0c\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u95be\u503c\u56e0\u5473\u89ba\u7a2e\u985e\u800c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u82e6\u7684\u95be\u503c\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u9178\u7684\u95be\u503c\u6b21\u4e4b\uff0c\u751c\u53ca\u9e79\u7684\u95be\u503c\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u5747\u8f03\u524d\u5169\u70ba\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cfCOVID-19<\/strong>\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5169\u5e74\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bcCOVID-19\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u8208\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u50b3\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5feb\u53ca\u81e8\u5e8a\u8868\u73fe\u4e4b\u7279\u7570\uff0c\u8b93\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u63aa\u624b\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5404\u7a2e\u9632\u75ab\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u9673\u51fa\u65b0\uff0c\u4ecd\u96e3\u6575\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\uff08SARS-CoV-2\uff09\u7684\u8086\u8650\u3002SARS-CoV-2\u611f\u67d3\u5f8c\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u8868\u73fe\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u9020\u6210\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u537b\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7d0420-85%\uff0c\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u4e5f\u9ad8\u905488%\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u64da\u5728\u5404\u570b\u5dee\u8ddd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5927\u591a\u662f\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u8ff0\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u8a3a\u65b7COVID-19\u6307\u6a19\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u904e\u767c\u71d2\u6216\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u8f03\u6613\u767c\u751f\u5728\u8f15\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u3001\u7121\u75c7\u72c0\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u6216\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u75c7\u72c0\u524d\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u885b\u751f\u7d44\u7e54\uff08WHO\uff09\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8996\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5df2\u5c07\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u5217\u70baSARS-CoV-2\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u75c7\u72c0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7279\u5225\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u55c5\u89ba\u55aa\u5931\uff08anosmia\uff09\u6216\u55c5\u89ba\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff08hyposmia\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e7b\u55c5\u89ba\uff08phantosmia\uff09\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u805e\u5230\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u805e\u5230\u7684\u5473\u9053\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5473\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\uff08parosmia\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u81f4\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\u666e\u901a\u611f\u5192\u6216\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u611f\u5192\u7b49\u4e0a\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u5f71\u97ff\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\uff0c\u5927\u7d0460%\u611f\u5192\u548c\u9f3b\u7ac7\u708e\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u6703\u767c\u751f\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u55c5\u89ba\u55aa\u5931\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u9f3b\u6d95\u6216\u9f3b\u585e\u963b\u7919\u55c5\u89ba\u901a\u9053\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u5473\u89ba\u548c\u55c5\u89ba\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u55c5\u89ba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56b4\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u5473\u89ba\u3002COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7a81\u7136\u5931\u53bb\u55c5\u89ba\uff0c\u5e38\u4f34\u96a8\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u55aa\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u6642\u6703\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6d41\u9f3b\u6d95\u6216\u9f3b\u585e\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u55aa\u5931\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u75c7\u72c0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u56b4\u5cfb\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u4e0d\u660e\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u55c5\u3001\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u53ef\u8f15\u5ffd\u3002<\/p>\n

SARS-CoV-2\u7684\u68d8\u7a81\u86cb\u767d\uff08spike protein\uff09\u6703\u8207\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7e2e\u7d20\u8f49\u5316\u91762 \uff08angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2\uff09\u5c08\u4e00\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0cACE2\u662f\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53d7\u9ad4\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u8981\u7a7f\u900f\u53d7\u9ad4\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u90e8\uff0c\u800cACE2\u5728\u9f3b\u5b50\u548c\u53e3\u8154\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u542b\u91cf\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5148\u524d\u8a8d\u70ba\u75c5\u6bd2\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u4fb5\u5165\u8207\u55c5\u89ba\u548c\u5473\u89ba\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u537b\u672a\u80fd\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u4e0a\u767c\u73feACE2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u570d\u7e5e\u548c\u652f\u6301\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u4e0a\u767c\u73fe\u4e86ACE2\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5468\u570d\u7d30\u80de\u56e0\u53d7\u5230\u611f\u67d3\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u767c\u708e\u548c\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u55c5\u89ba\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u95dcSARS-CoV-2\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u548c\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u6642\u5e38\u540c\u6642\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a8d\u70baCOVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56e0\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u9032\u800c\u51fa\u73fe\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cfCOVID-19<\/strong>\u60a3\u8005\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u4f86\u5df2\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u6027COVID-19\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u55c5\u7403\u5f71\u97ff\u4e2d\u6a1e\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8abf\u67e5\u9019\u7a2e\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u55c5\u89ba\u55aa\u5931\u6216\u6e1b\u9000\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u5c0d\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u4e4b\u95be\u503c\u9032\u884c\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u91d0\u6e05SARS-CoV-2\u5c0d\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57282021\u5e74\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0dCOVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u751c\u3001\u9178\u3001\u82e6\u3001\u9e79\u5171\u4e94\u7a2e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684\u56db\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u5473\u89ba\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0775\u540d\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u7d44\uff1a\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\uff08n=35\uff09\u3001\u7121\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\uff08n=20\uff09\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\uff08n=20\uff09\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19 \u60a3\u8005\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u95be\u503c\u5206\u5225\u662f\u751c\u5473 (2.68 \u00b1 0.14)\u3001\u9178\u5473 (3.34 \u00b1 0.12) \u53ca\u82e6\u5473 (3.39 \u00b1 0.2)\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u751c\u3001\u9178\u3001\u82e6\u5473\u7684\u95be\u503c\u5206\u5225\u70ba\uff1a2 \u00b1 0.16\u30012.11 \u00b1 0.2 \u548c 2.55 \u00b1 0.5\uff0c\u8207\u6c92\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u5473\u89ba\u7684\u95be\u503c\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8207\u7121\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9e79\u5473\u95be\u503c\uff081.11 \u00b1 0.11\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u7684COVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9e79\u5473\u95be\u503c\uff080.51 \u00b1 0.03\uff09\u53cd\u800c\u986f\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u60a3\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u670930%\u7684\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u60a3\u8005\u4e5f\u6709\u55c5\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1aCOVID-19\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5473\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u5473\u89ba\u53d7\u9ad4\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u7919\u6216SARS-CoV-2\u611f\u67d3\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u8ca0\u8cac\u5473\u89ba\u50b3\u5c0e\u7684\u9871\u795e\u7d93\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Meunier N, Briand L, Jacquin-Piques A, Brondel L, P\u00e9nicaud L. COVID 19-Induced Smell and Taste Impairments: Putative Impact on Physiology. Front Physiol. 2021 Jan 26; 11:625110. doi: 10.3389\/fphys.2020.625110. eCollection 2020.<\/li>\n
  2. Asadi MM, Shankayi Z, Bahrami F, Mohammadzadeh T, Amini H, Naderi M. Quantitative analysis of taste disorder in COVID-19 patients, the hypersensitivity to salty quality. New Microbes New Infect. 2021 Sep; 43:100919. doi: 10.1016\/j.nmni.2021.100919. Epub 2021 Jul 17.<\/li>\n
  3. Mastrangelo A, Bonato M, Cinque P. Smell and taste disorders in COVID-19: From pathogenesis to clinical features and outcomes. Neurosci Lett. 2021 Mar 23;748:135694. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.135694. Epub 2021 Feb 15.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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