{"id":37375,"date":"2021-10-08T12:14:22","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T04:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37375"},"modified":"2021-10-08T12:14:22","modified_gmt":"2021-10-08T04:14:22","slug":"%e3%80%902021%e8%ab%be%e8%b2%9d%e7%88%be%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e7%8d%8e%e3%80%91%e4%bb%96%e5%80%91%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e5%b8%b6%e7%b5%a6%e4%ba%86%e5%bb%ba%e6%a7%8b%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37375","title":{"rendered":"\u30102021\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u3011\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5e36\u7d66\u4e86\u5efa\u69cb\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u767c\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Twitter @NobelPrize<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c6c\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u6c27\u6c23\u548c\u6c34\u975e\u5e38\u654f\u611f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u8a66\u5291\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u6c27\u548c\u7121\u6fd5\u6c23\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5728\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u7522\u696d\u754c\u5f88\u96e3\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u91d1\u5c6c\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u91d1\u5c6c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u6709\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u751f\u547d\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u4ee5\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u904b\u4f5c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a31\u70ba\u9175\u7d20(\u6216\u9176)\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u751f\u7269\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u6578\u4ee5\u5343\u8a08\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9175\u7d20\uff0c\u4f86\u9a45\u52d5\u751f\u547d\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u9175\u7d20\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u53ea\u751f\u6210\u5169\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4e5f\u4e26\u80a9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u9175\u7d20\u5b8c\u6210\u53cd\u61c9\u6642\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5c31\u6703\u63a5\u7ba1\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u80fd\u4ee5\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u5ea6\u5efa\u69cb\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u3001\u8449\u7da0\u7d20\u6216\u7a31\u70ba\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c (strychnine) \u7684\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6700\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u4e4b\u4e00\uff08\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u56de\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u9176\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u6709\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\uff0c1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u8a66\u5716\u958b\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u9175\u7d20\u8b8a\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a45\u52d5\u4eba\u985e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u6b64\u9818\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7e3d\u90e8\u8a2d\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u65af\u514b\u91cc\u666e\u65af(Scripps)\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u5df4\u723e\u5df4\u65af\u4e09\u4e16 (Carlos F. Barbas III) \u6240\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7d44\u3002\u674e\u65af\u7279\u5728\u5df4\u723e\u5df4\u65af\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7d44\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u7684\u8077\u4f4d\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u4e00\u500b\u7d55\u5999\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u8a95\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4eca\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u767c\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u674e\u65af\u7279<\/strong>\u8de8\u51fa\u4e86\u76d2\u5916\u4f86\u601d\u8003...<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u674e\u65af\u7279\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u50ac\u5316\u6297\u9ad4 (catalytic antibodies)\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6297\u9ad4\u6703\u9644\u8457\u5728\u5916\u4f86\u75c5\u6bd2\u6216\u6211\u5011\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u65af\u514b\u91cc\u666e\u65af\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u91cd\u65b0\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5011\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a45\u52d5\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u50ac\u5316\u6297\u9ad4\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u674e\u65af\u7279\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u9175\u7d20\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u6578\u767e\u500b\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9175\u7d20\u4e5f\u542b\u6709\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u9a45\u52d5\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u2014\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u9ede\u2014 \u8a31\u591a\u9175\u7d20\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u91d1\u5c6c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u50ac\u5316\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53cd\u61c9\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u9176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u5e7e\u500b\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u6240\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u3002\u674e\u65af\u7279\u8df3\u812b\u51fa\u76d2\u5916\u6240\u554f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff1a\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u9176\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u624d\u80fd\u50ac\u5316\u4e00\u500b\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/strong>\u7522\u751f\u5177\u6709\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u679c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u77e5\u90531970\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u5c31\u6709\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u904e\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u540d\u70ba\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u4f5c\u70ba\u50ac\u5316\u5291 \u2014 \u4f46\u90a3\u662f25\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u771f\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u662f\u674e\u65af\u7279\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1b\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u9019\u4e00\u73fe\u50cf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u767c\u73fe\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u5225\u597d\u3002 \u5728\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u6e2c\u8a66\u4e86\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u50ac\u5316\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u919b\u9187\u53cd\u61c9\u300d(aldol reaction)\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u4e2d\u4f86\u81ea\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u7acb\u5373\u594f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u674e\u65af\u7279<\/strong>\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672a\u4f86<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u904e\u4ed6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u674e\u65af\u7279\u4e0d\u50c5\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a45\u52d5\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5728\u5169\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7522\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6613\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8207\u4e4b\u524d\u6e2c\u8a66\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u4f5c\u70ba\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u674e\u65af\u7279\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u8207\u91d1\u5c6c\u548c\u9175\u7d20\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u812f\u80fa\u9178\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u5922\u5e7b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u5ec9\u50f9\u4e14\u74b0\u4fdd\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u7576\u4ed6\u57282000\u5e742\u6708\u767c\u8868\u4ed6\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u6642\uff0c\u674e\u65af\u7279\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6a5f\u6703\u7684\u65b0\u7a4e\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u9019\u4e9b\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u7be9\u9078\u662f\u6211\u5011\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4e4b\u4e00\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b64\u55ae\uff0c\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88e1\uff0c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u4e5f\u5728\u671d\u8457\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d<\/strong>\u5c07\u654f\u611f\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u62cb\u8af8\u8166\u5f8c...<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5169\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u525b\u5f9e\u54c8\u4f5b\u642c\u5230\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u4f2f\u514b\u840a\u5206\u6821\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u66fe\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u6539\u5584\u4f7f\u7528\u91d1\u5c6c\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u53d7\u5230\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u958b\u767c\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u5728\u5de5\u696d\u754c\u537b\u5f88\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u654f\u611f\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u592a\u8cb4\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c6c\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u7121\u6c27\u7121\u6fd5\u6c23\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e2d\u904b\u4f5c\u76f8\u5c0d\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u9032\u884c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u5de5\u696d\u88fd\u9020\u662f\u5f88\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8b93\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u958b\u767c\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u642c\u5230\u4f2f\u514b\u840a\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u91d1\u5c6c\u62cb\u5728\u8166\u5f8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/strong>\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u578b\u5f0f\u66f4\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\uff0c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u958b\u59cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50 \u2014\u5c31\u50cf\u91d1\u5c6c\u4e00\u6a23 \u2014 \u53ef\u4ee5\u66ab\u6642\u63d0\u4f9b\u6216\u5bb9\u7d0d\u96fb\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\u300d \u2014 \u7c21\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u5b78\u57fa\u5718\u53ef\u9644\u8457\u5728\u9019\u500b\u78b3\u9aa8\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u542b\u6709\u6c27\u3001\u6c2e\u3001\u786b\u6216\u78f7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u7531\u7c21\u55ae\u800c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\u4f86\u50ac\u5316\u4ed6\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u4e9e\u80fa\u96e2\u5b50\u300d(iminium ion)\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u96e2\u5b50\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c0d\u96fb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5929\u751f\u7684\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u5e7e\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6e2c\u8a66\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u9a45\u52d5\u72c4\u8033\u58eb-\u963f\u5fb7\u723e (Diels-Alder) \u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u7528\u9019\u500b\u53cd\u61c9\u4f86\u5efa\u69cb\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u74b0\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u6240\u671f\u76fc\u4e26\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u904b\u4f5c\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e5f\u5f88\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u5169\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u93e1\u50cf\u7522\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u4f54\u4e8690%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d<\/strong>\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u4e00\u8a5e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7576\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u6e96\u5099\u767c\u8868\u4ed6\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u96d6\u65e9\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u50ac\u5316\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u500b\u5225\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63a8\u5ee3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u4ecd\u672a\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u662f\u300c\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u300d (organocatalysis)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65bc2000\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u674e\u65af\u7279\u767c\u8868\u4ed6\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u9001\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u539f\u7a3f\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u5beb\u8457\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u5011\u9810\u8a08\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u7b56\u7565\u5c07\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u8f49\u5316\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u674e\u65af\u7279\u548c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u5404\u81ea\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5f9e2000\u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c<\/strong>\u6b64\u9818\u57df\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u64ec\u70ba\u6dd8\u91d1\u71b1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u674e\u65af\u7279\u548c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u4fdd\u6301\u8457\u9818\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5ec9\u50f9\u4e14\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5291\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u9a45\u52d5\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e00\u822c\u7531\u7c21\u55ae\u5206\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b \u2014 \u5c31\u50cf\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u9175\u7d20\u4e00\u6a23 \u2014 \u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f38\u9001\u5e36\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u751f\u7522\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c0d\u6bcf\u500b\u4e2d\u9593\u7522\u7269\u9032\u884c\u5206\u96e2\u548c\u7d14\u5316\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u526f\u7522\u7269\u7684\u91cf\u6703\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u9019\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e2d\u90fd\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u640d\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u7684\u5bec\u5bb9\u5ea6\u5247\u6bd4\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u76f8\u5c0d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u9019\u7a31\u70ba\u4e32\u7d1a\u53cd\u61c9 (cascade reaction)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u8a31\u591a\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e867,000\u500d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u4f7f\u5206\u5b50\u5efa\u69cb\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5408\u6210\u5929\u7136\u4e14\u6975\u5176\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u6703\u5f9e\u8b00\u6bba\u6848\u4ef6\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5973\u738b\u963f\u52a0\u838e\u30fb\u514b\u8389\u7d72\u8482 (Agatha Christie) \u7684\u66f8\u4e2d\u8a8d\u51fa\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u7684\u5408\u6210\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u9b54\u8853\u65b9\u584a\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57281952\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u6642\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e29\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u53ea\u67090.0009%\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7269\u88ab\u8f49\u63db\u6210\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90fd\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6389\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u4e862011\u5e74\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u4e32\u7d1a\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5728\u50c5\u50c512\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e2d\u5efa\u69cb\u756a\u6728\u864c\u9e7c\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u751f\u7522\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e867,000\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5728\u85e5\u7269\u751f\u7522\u4e2d\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5c0d\u7d93\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5728\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u5169\u500b\u93e1\u50cf\u7684\u7570\u69cb\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6642\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u707d\u96e3\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6c99\u5229\u591a\u9081\uff08thalidomide\uff09\u919c\u805e\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u591a\u9081\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u93e1\u50cf\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6578\u5343\u500b\u767c\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u80da\u80ce\u7522\u751f\u56b4\u91cd\u7578\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u73fe\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u5c0d\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u88fd\u9020\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u80fd\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5408\u6210\u5177\u6709\u6cbb\u7642\u6f5b\u529b\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u5f9e\u7a00\u6709\u690d\u7269\u6216\u6df1\u6d77\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u5fae\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u88fd\u85e5\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u9084\u7528\u65bc\u7c21\u5316\u5df2\u77e5\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u751f\u7522\u3002\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6291\u9b31\u7684\u5e15\u7f85\u897f\u6c40 (paroxetine)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u85e5\u7269\u514b\u6d41\u611f (oseltamivir)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u96e3\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8209\u51fa\u6578\u5343\u500b\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 \u2014 \u4f46\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u66f4\u65e9\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u7da0\u8272\u4e14\u5ec9\u50f9\u7684\u975e\u5c0d\u7a31\u50ac\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u96e3\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u88ab\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u61c9\u8a72\u904b\u4f5c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\u4e14\u5f37\u70c8\u5730\u906e\u853d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u6709\u91d1\u5c6c\u6216\u9175\u7d20\u624d\u80fd\u9a45\u52d5\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u674e\u65af\u7279\u548c\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u56f0\u64fe\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5de7\u5999\u89e3\u65b9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u624d\u80fd\u5920 \u2014 \u5728\u6b64\u6642\u6b64\u523b \u2014 \u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5e36\u4f86\u83ab\u5927\u7684\u88e8\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

--
\n\u672c\u6587\u8b6f\u81ea\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u516c\u4f48\u7d66\u5927\u773e\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u7a3f\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u53ef\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b98\u65b9\u7db2\u7ad9\u53d6\u5f97\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2021\/10\/popular-chemistryprize2021.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

\u82e5\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u95b1\u8b80\u9032\u968e\u7684\u539f\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u8acb\u7531\u4e0b\u5217\u5b98\u65b9\u7db2\u5740\u53d6\u5f97\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/uploads\/2021\/10\/advanced-chemistryprize2021.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*\u66f9\u4e00\u5141\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5fb7\u5dde\u8fb2\u5de5\u5927\u5b78Karen Wooley\u6559\u6388\u6307\u5c0e\u4e0b\u53d6\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u73fe\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u840a\u96c5\u516c\u53f8\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002
\n*\u8521\u860a\u660e\u73fe\u70ba\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u3002
\n*\u611f\u8b1d\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u8521\u660e\u8ed2\u5e6b\u5fd9\u5c07\u6b64\u6587\u653e\u4e0a\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4ee5\u53ca\u7248\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u9023\u63a5\u8a31\u591a\u5c0f\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u584a\u6750\u4f86\u5275\u9020\u65b0\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u63a7\u5236\u9019\u4e9b\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7d50\u5408\u662f\u5f88\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u3002\u672c\u5091\u660e\u2022\u674e\u65af\u7279 (Benjamin List)\u548c\u5927\u885b\u2022\u9ea5\u514b\u7c73\u862d (David MacMillan)\u7372\u5f97\u4e862021\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\u7684\u6842\u51a0\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u5011\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u800c\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u5efa\u69cb\u5206\u5b50\uff1a\u6709\u6a5f\u50ac\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u9014\u5305\u62ec\u7814\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u5f97\u5316\u5b78\u66f4\u70ba\u74b0\u4fdd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":37380,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1027,32,3293],"tags":[5144,5145,5143,2148],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/FBAdc1dVUA41fT9.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37375"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37375"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37375\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37381,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37375\/revisions\/37381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/37380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}