{"id":37289,"date":"2021-09-27T10:30:07","date_gmt":"2021-09-27T02:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37289"},"modified":"2021-10-04T19:37:43","modified_gmt":"2021-10-04T11:37:43","slug":"%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e6%99%ba%e6%85%a7%e6%b5%aa%e6%bd%ae%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8a%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37289","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u4e0a\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff08Artificial Intelligence\uff0cAI\uff09\u7684\u98a8\u6f6e\u4e0b\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u79d1\u666e\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u6578\u5b78\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5fae\u5999\u5730\u9677\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u5c37\u5c2c\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u8aaa\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u5169\u500b\u5c37\u5c2c\u8655\u5883\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u8f49\u8f09\u81ea\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u6708\u520a\u300b2018\u5e744\u6708\u7b2c580\u671f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/strong><\/span>\u6211\u5011\u66fe\u5b78\u904e\u7684\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5c0d\u4eba\u751f\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5e6b\u52a9\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u25cf\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u8207\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5148\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u300c\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5\u300d\uff08gradient descent\uff09\u3002\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373gradient\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u8b8a\u6578\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u5fae\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7528\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u300c\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u300d\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e2d\u5e38\u6703\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e00\u500b\u640d\u5931\u51fd\u6578\uff08loss function\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u8a55\u4f30\u6a5f\u5668\u6709\u591a\u63a5\u8fd1\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u6587\u5b57\u8207\u5716\u7247\u8fa8\u8b58\u5f97\u8d8a\u6e96\u78ba\u3001\u4e0b\u68cb\u4e0b\u5f97\u8d8a\u597d\u3001\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5f97\u8d8a\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u90a3\u640d\u5931\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u6703\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\u53ea\u8981\u627e\u5230\u9069\u7576\u7684\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u8b93\u640d\u5931\u51fd\u6578\u76e1\u91cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u90a3\u6a5f\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u57f7\u884c\u6211\u5011\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u640d\u5931\u51fd\u6578\u4e00\u5b9a\u90fd\u662f\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u4ee5\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u5feb\u6a02\u5730\u8a08\u756b\u8457\u51fa\u9580\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u78b0\u5230\u597d\u5e7e\u500b\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u5728\u4f60\u6536\u62fe\u884c\u674e\u6642\uff0c\u60f3\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5305\u5305\u88e1\u585e\u5165\u6700\u591a\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u2500\u2500\u300c\u80cc\u5305\u554f\u984c\u300d\uff08Knapsack problem\uff09\uff1b\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7528\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u3001\u6642\u9593\u4f86\u53c3\u89c0\u6240\u6709\u666f\u9ede\uff0c\u53c8\u6703\u78b0\u4e0a\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u2500\u2500\u300c\u65c5\u884c\u63a8\u92b7\u54e1\u554f\u984c\u300d\uff08Traveling salesman problem\uff09\u3002\u5169\u500b\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u4ee5\u300c\u56f0\u96e3\u300d\u805e\u540d\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bcNP\u5b8c\u5168\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7406\u8ad6\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8ddf\u7834\u89e3RSA\u5bc6\u78bc\u4e00\u6a23\u96e3\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u76f8\u4fe1\u662f\u6bd4\u7834\u89e3RSA\u66f4\u96e3\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u96e2\u6563\u300d\u7684\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u597d\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8655\u7406\u7684\u640d\u5931\u51fd\u6578\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u300c\u9023\u7e8c\u300d\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u8655\u7406\u300c\u9023\u7e8c\u300d\u554f\u984c\u7684\u5229\u5668\u3002\u5728\u8ac7\u5230\u6578\u5b78\u6709\u591a\u53ef\u6015\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u300d\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u62ff\u4f86\u626e\u6f14\u864e\u59d1\u5a46\u6216\u8005\u5927\u91ce\u72fc\u9019\u7a2e\u5687\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4f46\u5c31\u50cf\u5275\u7acb\u73fe\u4ee3\u96fb\u8166\u8207\u535a\u5955\u8ad6\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u99ae\u7d10\u66fc\uff08John von Neumann\uff09\u8aaa\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u5011\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u6578\u5b78\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u73fe\u751f\u6d3b\u6709\u591a\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u771f\u8981\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u51fa\u9580\u65c5\u884c\u8981\u6bd4\u5fae\u7a4d\u5206\u8907\u96dc\u800c\u56f0\u96e3\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u9023\u7e8c\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u8b93\u554f\u984c\u8b8a\u7c21\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u9019\u500b\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c07\u539f\u59cb\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u8abf\u6574\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e0b\u5761\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u73fe\u4eca\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5\u9019\u985e\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u7684\u725b\u9813\u6cd5\u53ca\u7528\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u7684\u64ec\u725b\u9813\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u6975\u503c\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u5716\u7247\u756b\u98a8\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u5229\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002(\u5f85\u7e8c<\/a>)<\/p>\n

(\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u88dc\u52a9\u300cAI\u5831\u5831\u2500AI\u79d1\u666e\u63a8\u5ee3\u8a08\u756b\u300d\u53d6\u5f97\u7db2\u8def\u8f49\u8f09\u6388\u6b0a)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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