{"id":37198,"date":"2021-09-16T00:12:42","date_gmt":"2021-09-15T16:12:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37198"},"modified":"2021-09-14T10:42:23","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T02:42:23","slug":"%e5%8d%83%e8%ae%8a%e8%90%ac%e5%8c%96%e7%9a%84%e6%b5%81%e9%ab%94%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e8%b6%85%e6%b5%81%e9%ab%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=37198","title":{"rendered":"\u5343\u8b8a\u842c\u5316\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: 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href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36861\">\u5343\u8b8a\u842c\u5316\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u505a\u4e8690\u5e74\u7684\u5be6\u9a57<\/a>\uff1e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u6d41\u9ad4\u7684\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u701d\u9752\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u9ecf\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u6d41\u52d5\u5341\u5206\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u8868\u73fe\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u548c\u56fa\u9ad4\u7121\u7570\u3002\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\u6975\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u5247\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u3002\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u5177\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u795e\u5947\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u6975\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u6bdb\u7d30\u7ba1\u3001\u5c07\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u653e\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u6cbf\u8457\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u722c\u5347\uff0c\u8dd1\u51fa\u5bb9\u5668\u5916\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u53ef\u60dc\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u795e\u5947\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6975\u7aef\u4f4e\u6eab\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37203\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37203\" style=\"width: 678px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37203\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"678\" height=\"599\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/01.jpg 678w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/01-300x265.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37203\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e00\u3001\u9003\u96e2\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u3002\u88dd\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5167\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\uff08\u6db2\u614b\u6c26\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u6cbf\u8457\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u5411\u4e0a\u722c\u5347\u3001\u8d85\u904e\u5bb9\u5668\u53e3\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5916\u532f\u805a\u3001\u6ef4\u843d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6db2\u614b\u6c26\u5168\u6578\u300c\u9003\u96e2\u300d\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aAlfred Leitner<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1937\u5e74\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5361\u76ae\u67e5\u8207\u827e\u502b\uff0c\u5728\u5617\u8a66\u5c07\u6c26-4\u9019\u7a2e\u5143\u7d20\u51b7\u537b\u5230\u6975\u4f4e\u6eab\u6642\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u7576\u6eab\u5ea6\u4f4e\u65bc2.17 K\uff08\u2212270.98\u00b0C\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u6c26\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u7a81\u7136\u767c\u751f\u6539\u8b8a<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u6c26-4\u51b7\u537b\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2Z6UJbwxBZI\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u7576\u6c26\u7684\u6eab\u5ea6\u9010\u6f38\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u6c26\u7a81\u7136\u5f9e\u539f\u672c\u5982\u6cb8\u9a30\u822c\u5145\u6eff\u6c23\u6ce1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u300c\u5b89\u975c\u300d\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u4fbf\u662f\u6c26-4\u7684\u6eab\u5ea6\u9054\u5230\u300c\u81e8\u754c\u6eab\u5ea6\u300d\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff08\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u76f8\u8b8a\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e00\u822c\u6d41\u9ad4\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u9019\u500b\u666f\u8c61\uff1f\u9019\u88e1\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4ecb\u7d39\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8cea\uff1a\u300c\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u5167\u90e8\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6eab\u5ea6\u5dee\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn2\" 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#008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u6709\u7e2e\u9aa8\u529f\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u662f\u6211\u5011\u624b\u908a\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5224\u65b7\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u6839\u7d30\u7ba1\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6108\u9ecf\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u6108\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u901a\u904e\u3002\u9ecf\u6027\u6108\u5927\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5011\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u6108\u5927\u3002\u6253\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5b83\u5011\u66f4\u611b\u300c\u7fa4\u805a\u300d\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u8981\u901a\u904e\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u5b54\u6d1e\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8981\u8b93\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u8d77\u901a\u904e\u624d\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fa\u9ad4\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ecf\u6027\u7121\u9650\u5927\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u8b93\u4e00\u500b\u786c\u5e63\u901a\u904e\u5438\u7ba1\uff0c\u90a3\u5438\u7ba1\u52e2\u5fc5\u8981\u6bd4\u786c\u5e63\u5927\u624d\u884c\u3002\u90a3\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\u70ba\u96f6\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u6703\u600e\u9ebc\u8868\u73fe\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u300c\u6beb\u7121\u611f\u60c5\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u7d30\u7ba1\u7684\u5b54\u5f91\u5141\u8a31\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u90a3\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u5c31\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u6d41\u904e\u9019\u6839\u6975\u7d30\u7684\u7ba1\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u53cd\u91cd\u529b\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u6cbf\u8457\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u722c\u5347\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u56de\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f\u82e5\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6c34\u88dd\u5728\u4e00\u6839\u8a66\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u7ba1\u58c1\u7684\u6c34\u4f4d\u6bd4\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6c34\u4f4d\u4f86\u7684\u9ad8\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7a31\u70ba\u6c34\u7684\u300c\u9644\u8457\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u5c0d\u65bc\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u500b\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u90a3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u4e0d\u6703\u5c07\u6c34\u4e00\u76f4\u62c9\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u6703\u505c\u5728\u67d0\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5730\u5fc3\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u300c\u626f\u5f8c\u817f\u300d\u7684\u9ecf\u6eef\u529b\u3002\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u60f3\u8981\u6cbf\u8457\u676f\u58c1\u5411\u4e0a\u722c\uff0c\u4f46\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u722c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u651c\u5bb6\u5e36\u7737\u5916\u639b\u884c\u674e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u722c\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c31\u722c\u4e0d\u52d5\u4e86\uff08\u5982\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u6642\u8b80\u8005\u5927\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u5230\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u56de\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u7279\u7a2e\u90e8\u968a\u7684\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u6cbf\u8457\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u6500\u722c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u722c\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u6703\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u5f62\u6210\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5b50\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u8584\u819c\uff0c\u5c07\u6574\u500b\u5bb9\u5668\u5305\u88f9\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5916\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u5fc3\u5f15\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\u4fbf\u6703\u532f\u805a\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5e95\u7aef\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u4f4e\u843d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u300c\u9003\u51fa\u5bb9\u5668\u300d\u7684\u5947\u7279\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37204\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37204\" style=\"width: 1535px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37204\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/02.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1535\" height=\"1622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/02.png 1535w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/02-284x300.png 284w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/02-768x812.png 768w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/02-969x1024.png 969w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1535px) 100vw, 1535px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37204\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u9ad4\u9644\u8457\u529b\u5f71\u97ff\u793a\u610f\u5716\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6d41\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u5716(a)\u4e2d\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9ecf\u6eef\u529b\u8f03\u5927\uff08\u5982\u540c\u6500\u5ca9\u8005\u8ca0\u91cd\u8f03\u91cd\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u722c\u5347\u5230\u6709\u9650\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff1b\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u9ecf\u6eef\u6027\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u9593\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u5716(b)\u822c\u6cbf\u8457\u5bb9\u5668\u58c1\u722c\u5347\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8dd1\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5916\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5728\u767c\u73fe\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u73fe\u8c61\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u9810\u671f\u5230\u7269\u8cea\u5728\u88ab\u964d\u81f3\u6975\u4f4e\u6eab\u5f8c\u6703\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5982\u6b64\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u9010\u6f38\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u63a2\u5404\u7a2e\u6975\u7aef\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u9084\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5728\u7b49\u8457\u6211\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u9664\u4e86\u6c26-4\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6c26-3\u4e5f\u5728\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u7d55\u5c0d\u6eab\u5ea6\u6642\uff080.0026K\uff09\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u4e86\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3002<br \/>\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u7531\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6027\u8cea\u548c\u8d85\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u8d85\u5c0e\u9ad4\u5167\u90e8\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u96fb\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d\u5341\u5206\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u540d\u300c\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superfluidity\">Superfluidity<\/a><br \/>\n[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/physics\/1978\/kapitsa\/biographical\/\">Pyotr Kapitsa Biographical<\/a><br \/>\n[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zJblFBwqjPo&amp;t=330s&amp;ab_channel=SciShow\">The Strange, Frictionless World of Superfluids<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u525b\u7761\u9192\u7684\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u6c96\u6ce1\u597d\u4e00\u676f\u9999\u6c23\u56db\u6ea2\u7684\u5496\u5561\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u9bae\u5976\u3001\u7cd6\u652a\u62cc\u5f8c\u6e96\u5099\u4eab\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u537b\u767c\u73fe\u5496\u5561\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9084\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u8de1\u8c61\u3002\u4ed4\u7d30\u770b\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u5496\u5561\u7adf\u7136\u958b\u59cb\u6cbf\u8457\u676f\u58c1\u5411\u4e0a\u6500\u722c\u3001\u8d8a\u904e\u676f\u53e3\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5728\u676f\u5b50\u5e95\u90e8\u532f\u805a\u3001\u6ef4\u843d\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5834\u666f\u7d14\u5c6c\u865b\u69cb\uff0c\u5496\u5561\u53ef\u4e0d\u6703\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u537b\u6709\u7a2e\u6d41\u9ad4\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8d85\u6d41\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":37203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,39],"tags":[5053,3815,5052],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/01.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37198"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37207,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37198\/revisions\/37207"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/37203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}