{"id":36973,"date":"2021-08-24T10:00:46","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T02:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36973"},"modified":"2021-10-04T23:23:30","modified_gmt":"2021-10-04T15:23:30","slug":"%e7%b4%84%e7%bf%b0%ef%bc%8e%e9%ba%a5%e5%8d%a1%e9%8c%ab-john-mccarthy%ef%bc%881927-2011%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36973","title":{"rendered":"\u7d04\u7ff0\uff0e\u9ea5\u5361\u932b John McCarthy\uff081927-2011\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

McCarthy\u5c0d\u65bc\u8fd1\u4ee3AI\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u8457\u8209\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u30021956\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u8207\u597d\u53cbMarvin Minsky\uff081927-2016\uff09\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u7531\u4e00\u5834\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u805a\u96c6\u7576\u6642\u76f8\u95dc\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u8166\u529b\u6fc0\u76ea\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6700\u7d42\u6210\u6548\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u521d\u70ba\u4e86\u7533\u8acb\u7d93\u8cbb\u5728\u8a08\u756b\u66f8\u4e0a\u6240\u5b9a\u4e0b\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u537b\u6210\u4e86\u9019\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u30021958\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u51faLISP\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u65e9\u671fAI\u5c08\u6848\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e9\u671fAI\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u8207\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff0cMcCarthy\u5728\u975e\u55ae\u8abf\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9818\u982d\u7f8a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff0f\u5468\u51f1\u85aa\uff5c\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0f\u9ad8\u656c\u5802<\/strong>
\n\u5be9\u8a02\uff0f\u8521\u5b97\u7ff0\uff08\u570b\u7acb\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25cf\u90a3\u628a\u958b\u555f\u9748\u611f\u7684\u9470\u5319<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1927\u5e749\u67084\u65e5\uff0cJohn McCarthy\u8a95\u751f\u65bc\u9ebb\u5dde\u6ce2\u58eb\u9813\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6b63\u503c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5927\u856d\u689d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u524d\u524d\u5f8c\u5f8c\u642c\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u6b21\u5bb6\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u56e0\u70ba\u7236\u89aa\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7de3\u6545\uff0c\u5728\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u843d\u8173\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u611b\u723e\u862d\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u6210\u8863\u5de5\u6703\u7684\u6703\u9577\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u5275\u8fa6\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u5831\u793e\u4e2d\u64d4\u4efb\u696d\u52d9\u7d93\u7406\u3002\u53d7\u7236\u89aa\u5f71\u97ff\uff0cMcCarthy\u5f9e\u5c0f\u8033\u6fe1\u76ee\u67d3\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u5171\u7522\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u6210\u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u9020\u8a2a\u8607\u806f\uff0c\u4e26\u7d50\u4ea4\u540c\u70ba\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8607\u806f\u53cb\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u9ad4\u73fe\u5230\u5171\u7522\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u52a0\u4e4b\u7576\u6642\u7f8e\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u8207\u5317\u8d8a\u9677\u5165\u82e6\u6230\uff0c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u653f\u6cbb\u56e0\u7d20\u8b93McCarthy\u8f49\u800c\u652f\u6301\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u5171\u548c\u9ee8\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u4f4d\u4eba\u6b0a\u5021\u8b70\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5171\u7522\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u6b0a\u5229\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u767c\u8072\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u76f8\u95dc\u8a00\u8ad6\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u907f\u8af1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u50be\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcd\u89aa\u5247\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7684\u7336\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5973\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u672c\u4f86\u5728\u4e00\u5bb6\u901a\u8a0a\u793e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u8207\u4e08\u592b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9593\u5831\u793e\u4e2d\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u8207\u4e08\u592b\u62b1\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u96e2\u958b\u5831\u793e\u5f8c\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u793e\u5de5\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u7a4d\u6975\u722d\u53d6\u5973\u6027\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5118\u7ba1\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u63a9\u84cbMcCarthy\u7684\u65e9\u6167\u3002\u5f9e\u5c0f\u5c31\u5f88\u559c\u6b61\u8b80\u66f8\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u5728\u5c31\u8b80\u9ad8\u4e2d\uff08Belmont High School\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u4fbf\u5e38\u5e38\u8dd1\u5230\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u62ff\u8457\u4e00\u672c\u6578\u5b78\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\uff0c\u81ea\u5b78\u4e86\u5927\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u30021944\u5e74\u4fdd\u9001\u4e0a\u8a72\u6821\u6642\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7372\u51c6\u514d\u4fee\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5e74\u7d1a\u6578\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u96d6\u66fe\u7d93\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u53c3\u52a0\u9ad4\u80b2\u8ab2\u800c\u88ab\u505c\u5b78\uff0cMcCarthy\u7d42\u7a76\u57281948\u5e74\u9806\u5229\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5b78\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff1b\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u6539\u8b8aMcCarthy\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5e0c\u514b\u68ee\u8ad6\u58c7\uff1a\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5927\u8166\u6a5f\u5236\u300d\uff08Hixon Symposium on Cerebral Mechanisms in Behavior\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u5834\u7531\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u4e3b\u8fa6\u7684\u8ad6\u58c7\u773e\u661f\u96f2\u96c6\uff0c\u5404\u9818\u57df\u7684\u9802\u5c16\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u2500\u2500\u5305\u62ecAlan Turing\u8207\u73fe\u4eca\u96fb\u8166\u8a2d\u8a08\u67b6\u69cb\u8303\u7d10\u66fc\u67b6\u69cb\uff08von Neumann architecture\uff09\u7684\u767c\u60f3\u8005John von Neumann\u2500\u2500\u90fd\u662f\u5ea7\u4e0a\u8cd3\u3002von Neumann\u5728\u8ad6\u58c7\u4e2d\u6240\u767c\u8868\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u52d5\u6a5f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u7406\u8ad6\u300b\uff08The General and Logical Theory of Automata<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u6a5f\uff08automata\uff09\u4f86\u6a21\u64ec\u751f\u7269\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4eba\u985e\u4e2d\u592e\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u8b93McCarthy\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u65b0\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u96fb\u8166\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4e5f\u80fd\u50cf\u4eba\u985e\u4e00\u6a23\u601d\u8003\u3001\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u6703\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5149\u666f\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u8ad6\u58c7\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u628a\u9470\u5319\uff0c\u70baMcCarthy\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u8d70\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u9580\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0cMcCarthy\u53c8\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u5ff5\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u6578\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u4fbf\u8f49\u800c\u7533\u8acb\u4e86\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u6210\u529f\u9032\u5165\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u7bc7\u8207\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u57281951\u5e74\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u9806\u5229\u53d6\u5f97\u6578\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002\u800c\u5f8c\u4fbf\u5728\u8a72\u6821\u6559\u6388\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86McCarthy\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u5922\u60f3\u2500\u2500\u7576\u4e00\u4f4d\u6578\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n

1952\u5e74\u7684\u590f\u5929\uff0cMcCarthy\u4f86\u5230\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff08Bell Laboratories\uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u4ed6\u9047\u898b\u4e86\u6709\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u4e4b\u7a31\u7684Claude Shannon\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u4e00\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7de8\u8f2f\u3001\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u904e\u53bb\u8207\u81ea\u52d5\u6a5f\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u57281956\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002McCarthy\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u90e8\u300a\u81ea\u52d5\u6a5f\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08Automata\u00a0<\/em>Studies<\/em>\uff09\u5408\u8f2f\u4e26\u4e0d\u6eff\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ed6\u7406\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u667a\u6167\u6a5f\u5668\u300d\u8457\u58a8\u751a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u7684\u8a95\u751f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1955\u5e74\uff0cMcCarthy\u8f3e\u8f49\u4f86\u5230\u9054\u7279\u8305\u65af\u5b78\u9662\uff08Dartmouth College\uff09\u64d4\u4efb\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u806f\u7d61\u4e86\u7576\u5e74\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u597d\u53cbMarvin Minsky\uff0c\u8207Claude Shannon\u7b49\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u5411\u6821\u65b9\u63d0\u6848\u4e26\u7533\u8acb\u88dc\u52a9\u6b3e\uff0c\u70ba\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u805a\u7126\u5728\u300c\u667a\u6167\u6a5f\u5668\u300d\u4e0a\u7684\u6691\u671f\u77ed\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u3002<\/p>\n

McCarthy\u5728\u4f01\u756b\u66f8\u4e2d\u7834\u5929\u8352\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\uff08Artificial Intelligence\uff0cAI\uff09\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u6307\u5177\u6709\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5275\u9020\u4ed6\u5011\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5de5\u7a0b\uff08the science and engineering of making intelligent machines \uff09\uff1b\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u667a\u6167\u300d\uff08intelligence\uff09\u5247\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6b65\u9a5f\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5305\u542b\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u7b49\uff0c\u6797\u6797\u7e3d\u7e3d\u90fd\u88abMcCarthy\u653e\u5165\u8a72\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7bc4\u7587\u3002\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u53ea\u8981\u627e\u5c0d\u4e86\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4fbf\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u5169\u500b\u6708\u5167\u6fc0\u76ea\u51fa\u706b\u82b1\u3002\u7136\u800cMcCarthy\u5922\u5bd0\u4ee5\u6c42\u7684\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u6c92\u6709\u57281956\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u4e2d\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u300c\u9054\u7279\u8305\u65af\u6703\u8b70\u300d\uff08The Dartmouth Workshop\uff09\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u610f\u7fa9\u4e5f\u59cb\u7d42\u5927\u65bc\u5b83\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u4e0a\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u4e86AI\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u4e5f\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u9019\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u7d42\u65bc\u7531\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u76ee\u4e0b\u7684\u5b50\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7368\u7acb\u70ba\u81ea\u6210\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u64daMcCarthy\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff1a\u6574\u5834\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\u6700\u8000\u773c\u7684\u4e00\u9846\u661f\u975eHerbert Simon\u8207Allen Newell\u83ab\u5c6c\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u5169\u4eba\u4e8b\u5f8c\u56de\u61b6\uff0c\u537b\u8a8d\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u958b\u767c\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u7a0b\u5f0f\u300c\u908f\u8f2f\u7406\u8ad6\u5b78\u5bb6\u300d\uff08Logic Theorist\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u80fd\u5920\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u512a\u96c5\u5730\uff09\u8b49\u660e\u7f85\u7d20\u5728\u300a\u6578\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u300b\uff08Principia Mathematica<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7b26\u865f\u908f\u8f2f\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u7576\u6642\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u300c\u601d\u8003\u6a5f\u5668\u300d\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u8271\u6f80\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u8b49\u660e\uff0cMcCarthy\u537b\u8a8d\u70ba\u8981\u5f9e\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0b\u624b\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8457\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u667a\u6167\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c31\u975e\u5f97\u8655\u7406\u300c\u5e38\u8b58\u63a8\u7406\u300d\uff08commonsense reasoning\uff09\u8207\u300c\u975e\u55ae\u8abf\u908f\u8f2f\u300d\uff08non-monotonic logic\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\u518d\u719f\u6089\u4e0d\u904e\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5e38\u8b58\u63a8\u7406\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u667a\u6167\u9ad4\u5fc5\u9808\u5c07\u8207\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u8207\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u300c\u81ea\u4e3b\u300d\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9054\u6210\u8a72\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u985e\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u667a\u6167\u9ad4\u4f86\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u3002\u597d\u6bd4\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u8981\u57287:30\u4ee5\u524d\u8d95\u5230\u6a5f\u5834\uff08\u76ee\u6a19\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u8eca\uff08\u4e8b\u5be61\uff09\u3001\u9019\u53f0\u8eca\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u8eca\u5eab\u88e1\uff08\u4e8b\u5be62\uff09\u3001\u5bb6\u8ddd\u96e2\u6a5f\u5834\u5927\u7d04\u662f1\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u7684\u8eca\u7a0b\uff08\u4e8b\u5be63\uff09\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6211\u5fc5\u9808\u6700\u665a\u57286:30\u4ee5\u524d\u958b\u8eca\u53bb\u6a5f\u5834\uff08\u6307\u793a\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u904e\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7247\u9762\u7684\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u5145\u6eff\u4f8b\u5916\u8207\u610f\u5916\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u5230\u6216\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u6709\u95dc\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b0\u77e5\u8b58\u5f8c\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u975e\u55ae\u8abf\u908f\u8f2f\u300d\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u767c\u8eca\u6642\u767c\u73fe\u8eca\u58de\u4e86\uff08\u4e8b\u5be61-1\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u6536\u97f3\u6a5f\u4e2d\u807d\u5230\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u58c5\u585e\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff08\u4e8b\u5be63-1\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u6211\u4e5f\u8a31\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u66f4\u65e9\u51fa\u9580\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6368\u68c4\u958b\u8eca\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u642d\u4e58\u5927\u773e\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u76f4\u89c0\u3001\u518d\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u904e\u7684\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u5e38\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u96e3\u4ee5\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5f0f\u5b50\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u898f\u5247\u6355\u6349\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9054\u7279\u8305\u65af\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u6536\u7a6b\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u9ad8\u968e\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00LISP\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u3002Simon\u8207Newell\u5169\u4eba\u70ba\u4e86\u908f\u8f2f\u7406\u8ad6\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u51faIPL\uff08Information Processing Language\uff0c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8655\u7406\u8a9e\u8a00\uff09\u3002\u96d6\u7136IPL\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u4ecd\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08assembly language\uff09\uff0c\u4f46McCarthy\u537b\u5341\u5206\u559c\u6b61\u5176\u4e2d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u9023\u7d50\u4e32\u5217\u300d\uff08linked list\uff09\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5df2\u7d93\u5b58\u5728\u7684Fortran\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5957\u9ad8\u968e\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u7a31\u70baLISP\uff08LISt Processor\uff0c\u9023\u7d50\u4e32\u5217\u8655\u7406\u5668\uff09\u7684\u9ad8\u968e\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002LISP\u8207\u5176\u8b8a\u9ad4\u65e9\u671f\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bcAI\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5f8c\u4f86\u5be6\u7528\u6027\u8f03\u9ad8\u3001\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0a\u624b\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u5982Python\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86LISP\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u795e\u8056\u300d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u9577\u99d0\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

McCarthy\u5728\u9054\u7279\u8305\u65af\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u9577\uff0c1958\u5e74\u4fbf\u53c8\u8df3\u69fd\u5230\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u8457\u624b\u5275\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bcAI\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3002\u4eba\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684Marvin\u807d\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u5165McCarthy\u7684\u884c\u5217\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5275\u7acb\u4e86MIT AI\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u5e38\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u4e0d\u4e45\u5f8c\u4fbf\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u6b63\u597dMcCarthy\u5148\u524d\u670d\u52d9\u904e\u7684\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u53c8\u5411\u4ed6\u62db\u624b\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u65bc\u662f\u5206\u9053\u63da\u9463\uff0cMcCarthy\u518d\u5ea6\u56de\u5230\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u64d4\u4efb\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u30021962\u5e74\uff0c\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u5c07\u539f\u5148\u96b8\u5c6c\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u7d44\u5206\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b78\u7cfb\uff0c\u65bc\u662fMcCarthy\u9806\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u5730\u6210\u70ba\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e26\u57281964\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4e86AI\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u8207Marvin\u5171\u540c\u5275\u7acb\u7684MIT\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e92\u76f8\u7af6\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n

McCarthy\u9019\u4e00\u5f85\u5c07\u8fd140\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u52302000\u5e74\u5e95\u9000\u4f11\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u70ba\u5728AI\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u800c\u7372\u734e\u7121\u6578\uff1a1971\u5e74\uff0c\u7372\u9812\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u69ae\u8b7d\u2500\u2500\u675c\u6797\u734e\uff08Turing Award\uff09\uff1b1988\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u5c16\u7aef\u79d1\u6280\u734e\uff08\u4eac\u90fd\u8cde\u5148\u7aef\u6280\u8853\u90e8\u9580\uff09\uff1b1990\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u734e\u7ae0\uff08National Medal of Science\uff09\uff1b2003\u5e74\uff0c\u5bcc\u862d\u514b\u6797\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08The Franklin Institute\uff09\u6240\u9812\u767c\u300c\u73ed\u5091\u660e\u5bcc\u862d\u514b\u6797\u734e\u7ae0\u300d\uff08Benjamin Franklin Medal\uff09\uff1b2011\u5e74\uff0c IEEE \uff08Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u96fb\u6a5f\u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u5b78\u6703\uff09\u5c07\u5176\u5217\u5165AI\u540d\u4eba\u5802\uff08AI's Hall of Fame\uff09\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u4ed6\u5728AI\u9818\u57df\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u25cf\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u53ca\u6587\u91c7\u517c\u5099\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u66fe\u9020\u8a2a\u904eMcCarthy\u81ea\u5df1\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e0d\u96e3\u770b\u51fa\u79c1\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u4ed6\u5176\u5be6\u8207\u4e0d\u82df\u8a00\u7b11\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5f62\u8c61\u76f8\u53bb\u751a\u9060\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7f85\u5217\u5df2\u767c\u8868\u6216\u4ecd\u5728\u69cb\u601d\u4e2d\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u6216\u8edf\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\u5916\uff0cMcCarthy\u4e5f\u653e\u4e0a\u8a31\u591a\u65e9\u5df2\u5931\u6548\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5176\u5f8c\u6a19\u8a3b\u5982\u300c\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u9662\u62cd\u7684\uff0c\u7167\u7247\u5f88\u597d\u770b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5df2\u7d93\u9ede\u4e0d\u9032\u53bb\u4e86\u300d\u9019\u985e\u7684\u8a7c\u8ae7\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0cMcCarthy\u4e5f\u6536\u9304\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u8a66\u5beb\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u8207\u5b30\u5152\u300b\uff08The Robot and the Baby<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u79d1\u5e7b\u77ed\u7bc7\uff0c\u7dca\u63a5\u5728\u9023\u7d50\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u4e0d\u6539\u4e00\u8cab\u5e7d\u9ed8\u5730\u554f\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u4e5f\u8a31\u6211\u8a72\u51fa\u7d19\u672c\uff0c\u4f60\uff08\u5011\uff09\u89ba\u5f97\u5462\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u6545\u4e8b\u63cf\u8ff02055\u5e74\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e8b\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5df2\u7136\u5546\u696d\u5316\u91cf\u7522\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u88ab\u898f\u5b9a\u3001\u4e5f\u88ab\u88fd\u4f5c\u6210\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u7522\u751f\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u3002\u96d6\u662f\u70ba\u5354\u52a9\u4eba\u985e\u6253\u7406\u5bb6\u52d9\u800c\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u537b\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4f5c\u4eba\u985e\u5b69\u7ae5\u7684\u8913\u59c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5b69\u5b50\u5c0d\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7522\u751f\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8d8a\u81ea\u5df2\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0cR781\u9019\u500b\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u986f\u7136\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u9019\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c07\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\u4e1f\u7d66\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7167\u9867\u3002\u9577\u671f\u6c89\u6eba\u65bc\u9152\u7cbe\u8207\u6bd2\u766e\u7684\u55ae\u89aa\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u76db\u6012\u4e4b\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4R781\u62b1\u8457\u5b69\u5b50\u6efe\u51fa\u5bb6\u9580\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e00\u8d70\uff0c\u537b\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u8ed2\u7136\u5927\u6ce2\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u8b66\u5bdf\u3001\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7d44\u7e54\u7d1b\u7d1b\u524d\u4f86\uff0c\u8a0a\u554fR781\u5230\u5e95\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\uff1fR781\u5982\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u4e3b\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u300c\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u611b\u90a3\u8a72\u6b7b\u7684\u5b30\u5152\u5427\u300d\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5177\u5099\u300c\u611b\u300d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u77e5\u7167\u9867\u4eba\u985e\u5b69\u7ae5\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u6027\u63a8\u8ad6\u5f8c\u537b\u5f97\u5230\u300c\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc5\u9808\u907f\u514d\u6700\u7cdf\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u9019\u9805\u7d50\u8ad6\u2500\u2500\u7167\u9867\u9019\u500b\u5c0f\u5b69\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9019\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

McCarthy\u5728\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u985e\u4f3c\u96fb\u8166\u7de8\u7a0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0R781\u7684\u601d\u8003\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u8b80\u8005\u5c0dR781\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u77ed\u7bc7\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70baMcCarthy\u5c0d2001\u5e74\u6240\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u79d1\u5e7b\u96fb\u5f71\u300aAI\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300b\uff08A.I. Artificial Intelligence<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u56de\u61c9\uff1a\u5728\u96fb\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u80fd\u5920\u878d\u5165\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u5916\u578b\u4e0a\u8ffd\u6c42\u64ec\u4eba\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e86\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u985e\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u8207\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u4e00\u8209\u63aa\u537b\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u53cd\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7576\u5730\u7403\u8cc7\u6e90\u67af\u7aed\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u8086\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e26\u5c60\u6bba\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u578b\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u90e8\u96fb\u5f71\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u6210\u5206\u9060\u591a\u904e\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u5177\u6709\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u300d\u662f\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u600e\u6a23\u6fc0\u9032\u8207\u504f\u57f7\u7684\u57f7\u5ff5\uff1b\u8207\u5176\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u5c07\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u7d14\u7cb9\u8f14\u52a9\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u9053\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

McCarthy\u57282011\u5e74\u904e\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u58fd84\u6b72\u3002\u6b7b\u5f8c\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u6388\u4e88\u4ed6\u300c\u5de5\u7a0b\u82f1\u96c4\u300d\u7684\u7a31\u865f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7d00\u5ff5\u4ed6\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5c07\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u5176\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u7684\u300c\u5e38\u8b58\u300d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u57281989\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u5834\u96fb\u8996\u8a2a\u8ac7\u4e2d\u66fe\u611f\u6b4e\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u985e\u82b1\u4e86200\u5e74\u624d\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u5230\u7684\uff1b\u9019\u672c\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6700\u96e3\u5beb\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u82b1\u4e86200\u5e74\u624d\u60f3\u5230\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\u3002<\/em>
\nIf it takes 200 years to achieve artificial intelligence and then finally there's a textbook that explains how it's done, the hardest part of that textbook to write will be the part that explains why people didn't think of it 200 years ago.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u53ea\u662fMcCarthy\u4e0d\u66fe\u9810\u6599\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u5011\u7b49\u4e0d\u4e86\u9019200\u5e74\u3002\u300c\u908f\u8f2fAI\u300d\u8207\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u5de5\u7a0b\u300d\uff08Knowledge Engineering\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u50cf\u5c08\u5bb6\u4e00\u6a23\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u6574\u7406\u3001\u904b\u7528\u3001\u63a8\u5c0e\u6240\u5177\u5099\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\uff09\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9ec3\u91d110\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u6f38\u6f38\u6de1\u51fa\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def\uff08Artificial Neural Networks\uff09\u96d6\u7136\u5e7e\u7d93\u6ce2\u6298\u537b\u5f8c\u4f86\u5c45\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u6210\u70ba\u65e5\u5f8cAI\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Childs, M. (2011).\u00a0John McCarthy: Computer scientist known as the father of AI<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  2. How Lisp Became God\u2019s Own Programming Language<\/a>. (2020).<\/li>\n
  3. Markoff, J. (2011).\u00a0John McCarthy, 84, Dies; Computer Design Pioneer<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  4. McCarthy, J. (2006).\u00a0The Dartmouth Workshop\u2013as planned and as it happened<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  5. McCarthy, J. (2020).\u00a0What is AI? \/ Basic Questions<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  6. McCarthy, J.\u00a0(1958).\u00a0Programs with common sense<\/a>. In\u00a0\u00a0Symposium on the Mechanization of Thought Processes<\/em>, vol\u00a01, pp\u00a077-84.<\/li>\n
  7. McCarthy, J., Minsky, M., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. (2006). A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, August 31, 1955.\u00a0AI Magazine<\/em>,\u00a027<\/em>(4).<\/li>\n
  8. Rajaraman, V. (2014). JohnMcCarthy \u2014 Father of artificial intelligence.\u00a0Resonance<\/em>,\u00a019<\/em>(3), 198-207. doi: 10.1007\/s12045-014-0027-9<\/li>\n
  9. ThinkingAllowedTV. (2011).\u00a0John McCarthy (1927-2011): Artificial Intelligence (complete) \u2013 Thinking Allowed -Jeffrey Mishlove<\/em><\/a>[Video].<\/li>\n
  10. Thomason, R. (2020).\u00a0Logic and Artificial Intelligence (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  11. Graham, P. (2002).\u00a0Revenge of the Nerds<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  12. John McCarthy \u2013 CHM<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  13. McCarthy, J. (2020).\u00a0The Robot and the Baby<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  14. Nilsson, N. (2012).\u00a0A Biographic Memoirs: John McCarthy<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  15. John McCarthy \u2013 A.M. Turing Award Laureate<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    (\u672c\u6587\u70ba\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6280\u8853\u53ca\u61c9\u7528\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u80b2\u8a08\u756b\u300d\u6210\u679c\u5167\u5bb9)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    McCarthy\u5c0d\u65bc\u8fd1\u4ee3AI\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u8457\u8209\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u30021956\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u8207\u597d\u53cbMarvin Minsky\uff081927-2016\uff09\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u7531\u4e00\u5834\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u805a\u96c6\u7576\u6642\u76f8\u95dc\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u8166\u529b\u6fc0\u76ea\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6700\u7d42\u6210\u6548\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u521d\u70ba\u4e86\u7533\u8acb\u7d93\u8cbb\u5728\u8a08\u756b\u66f8\u4e0a\u6240\u5b9a\u4e0b\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u537b\u6210\u4e86\u9019\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u30021958\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u767c\u51faLISP\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u65e9\u671fAI\u5c08\u6848\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e9\u671fAI\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5316\u8207\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff0cMcCarthy\u5728\u975e\u55ae\u8abf\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9818\u982d\u7f8a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":36974,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4986,5138,3772,3293],"tags":[5007,5008,5005,5006],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/John-McCarthy_\u982d\u50cf.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36973"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36973"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37006,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36973\/revisions\/37006"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}