{"id":36957,"date":"2021-08-24T10:00:44","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T02:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36957"},"modified":"2021-10-04T23:23:30","modified_gmt":"2021-10-04T15:23:30","slug":"%e5%85%8b%e5%8b%9e%e5%be%b7%ef%bc%8e%e5%90%91%e8%be%b2-claude-shannon-%ef%bc%881916-2001%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36957","title":{"rendered":"\u514b\u52de\u5fb7\uff0e\u5411\u8fb2 Claude Shannon \uff081916-2001\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>Shannon\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u5c11\u898b\u7684\u5929\u624d\u578b\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u78a9\u58eb\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d50\u5408\u5e03\u6797\u904b\u7b97\u8207\u4e8c\u5143\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u958b\u95dc\u53ca\u96fb\u8def\u914d\u7f6e\u5be6\u73fe\u908f\u8f2f\u5323\uff0c\u582a\u7a31\u4eba\u985e\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u5f8c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u727d\u8d77\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7d93\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u8207\u6578\u4f4d\u8a0a\u865f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u60f3\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u7576\u4eca\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u300c\u4f4d\u5143\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u55ae\u4f4d\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u5132\u5b58\u8207\u9664\u932f\u3001\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230Shannon\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u7121\u5948\u4ed6\u5929\u751f\u5167\u5411\u3001\u4e0d\u559c\u5f35\u63da\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u66f4\u56e0\u7f79\u60a3\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u800c\u6df1\u5c45\u7c21\u51fa\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u4f60\u6211\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u3002<\/strong><\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff0f\u674e\u5c24\uff5c\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0f\u9ad8\u656c\u5802<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u5be9\u8a02\uff0f\u9673\u5b9c\u6b23\uff08\u570b\u7acb\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u7cfb\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u5c0f\u93ae\u7ae5\u5e74\uff081916-1932\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1916\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u7537\u7ae5\u8a95\u751f\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5dde\u7684\u84cb\u6d1b\u5fb7\u5c0f\u93ae\uff08Gaylord\uff09\u3002\u6bcd\u89aaMabel\u70ba\u5fb7\u88d4\u79fb\u6c11\u5f8c\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u540d\u8a9e\u8a00\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5728\u5e02\u7acb\u9ad8\u4e2d\u64d4\u4efb\u6821\u9577\uff1b\u7236\u89aaClaude\u65bc\u6cd5\u9662\u64d4\u4efb\u907a\u56d1\u8a8d\u8b49\u5f8b\u5e2b\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u6c7a\u5b9a\u70ba\u5b69\u5b50\u53d6\u4e86\u8207\u7236\u89aa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u2500\u2500Claude Elwood Shannon\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u7537\u5b69\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5c0f\u93ae\u4e0a\u5ea6\u904e\u7684\u3002\u7537\u5b69\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u2500\u2500\u5c24\u5176\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u4e0a\u2500\u2500\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u512a\u7570\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8ab2\u6687\u4e4b\u9918\u4e5f\u5f9e\u4e0d\u9592\u8457\uff0c\u6771\u6478\u897f\u6478\uff0c\u89aa\u624b\u7d44\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u98db\u6a5f\u3001\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u64cd\u63a7\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8239\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u534a\u82f1\u91cc\u5916\u670b\u53cb\u806f\u7d61\u7684\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u5831\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u65fa\u76db\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u8207\u5275\u9020\u529b\u6216\u8a31\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u5bb6\u65cf\u907a\u50b3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7537\u5b69\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u4ef0\u6155\u7684\u5076\u50cf\u611b\u8fea\u751f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u9060\u65b9\u89aa\u621a\uff01<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u25cf\u9047\u898b\u4f2f\u6a02\uff081932-1940\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\u7684Shannon\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u8457\u884c\u674e\u96e2\u958b\u5bb6\u9109\uff0c\u5230\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u653b\u8b80\u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u96d9\u5b78\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u723e\u5f8c\u53c8\u8f49\u6230\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff08Massachusetts Institute of Technology\uff0cMIT\uff09\u653b\u8b80\u78a9\u58eb\u3002\u5728MIT\uff0cShannon\u9047\u5230\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c0e\u5e2b\u2500\u2500\u5728\u4e8c\u6230\u4e2d\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u5283\u4e26\u64d4\u4efb\u9996\u4f4d\u7e3d\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u9867\u554f\u7684Vannevar Bush\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37033\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37033\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37033\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/boolean-OR-gate-300x170.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/boolean-OR-gate-300x170.gif 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/boolean-OR-gate-362x205.gif 362w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37033\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.electronics-tutorials.ws\/boolean\/bool_2.html\">ElectronicsTutorials<\/a>\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>1938\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u50c522\u6b72\u7684Shannon\u4fbf\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u88ab\u8b7d\u70ba\u300c20 \u4e16\u7d00\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u300d\u2500\u2500\u300a\u7e7c\u96fb\u5668\u548c\u958b\u95dc\u96fb\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u7b26\u865f\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff08<em>A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cShannon\u4ee5\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6578\u503c\u904b\u7b97\u4e2d\u7684\u300c0\u300d\u8207\u300c1\u300d\u8868\u793a\u5e03\u6797\u908f\u8f2f\uff08Boolean logic\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u771f\u300d\uff08true\uff09\u8207\u300c\u5047\u300d\uff08false\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u85c9\u7531\u7e7c\u96fb\u5668\u7684\u4e32\u4e26\u806f\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u908f\u8f2f\u9598\uff08gate\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u96fb\u8def\u4e2d\u5be6\u73fe\u908f\u8f2f\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6578\u4f4d\u908f\u8f2f\u300d\uff08digital logic\uff09\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\uff1a\u901a\u96fb\u70ba\u300c1\u300d\u6216\u300c\u771f\u300d\uff0c\u672a\u901a\u96fb\u70ba\u300c0\u300d \u6216\u300c\u5047\u300d\uff1b\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e26\u806f\u7684\u958b\u95dc\uff08\u5982\u53f3\u5716\u4e2d\u7684A\u8207B\uff09\u4fbf\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u908f\u8f2f\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u6216\u300d\uff08OR\uff0c\u6216\u7a31\u806f\u96c6\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4efb\u4e00\u500b\u958b\u95dc\u63a5\u901a\uff0c\u71c8\u6ce1\u4fbf\u6703\u4eae\uff08\u96fb\u8def\u662f\u901a\u7684\uff09\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u7d44\u4e32\u806f\u7684\u958b\u95dc\u5247\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u300c\u8207\u300d\uff08AND\uff0c\u6216\u7a31\u4ea4\u96c6\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u71c8\u6ce1\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5169\u500b\u958b\u95dc\u90fd\u63a5\u901a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u624d\u6703\u4eae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shannon\u7684\u9019\u500b\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u96fb\u8166\u786c\u9ad4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u96db\u5f62\u3002\u5f8c\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c07\u7e7c\u96fb\u5668\u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e26\u8755\u523b\u5728\u77fd\u6676\u5713\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fbf\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u4f60\u6211\u5982\u4eca\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8a73\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def\uff08very-large-scale integration\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6676\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u5927\u7372\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6069\u5e2bBush\u537b\u5f88\u5feb\u7763\u4fc3Shannon\u63a5\u8457\u6e96\u5099\u7406\u8ad6\u907a\u50b3\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u6295\u8eab\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u591a\u5e74\u7684Shannon\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u964c\u751f\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff1b\u4f46Bush\u770b\u5230Shannon\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u4fe1Shannon\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u901a\u624d\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9818\u57df\u88e1\u947d\u7814\uff0c\u57cb\u6c92\u4e00\u751f\u3002\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u9aa8\u5b50\u88e1\u5e36\u8457\u7684\u597d\u5947\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8b93Shannon\u4e5f\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u4e5f\u88ab\u8aaa\u670d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u25cf\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a95\u751f\uff081940-1948\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u535a\u58eb\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0cShannon\u96e2\u958bMIT\u81f3\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u66f8\uff0c\u4e26\u540c\u6642\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u64d4\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\uff0c\u8207\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u7576\u6642\u9817\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u5171\u4e8b\u3002\u4e8c\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0cShannon\u7a7a\u964d\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff08Bell Labs\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u8077\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3002\u56e0\u61c9\u502b\u6566\u5927\u8f5f\u70b8\uff0cShannon\u5728\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u7814\u767c\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u9396\u5b9a\u6575\u8ecd\u98db\u6a5f\u53ca\u706b\u7bad\u7684\u98db\u5f48\u9632\u7a7a\u88dd\u7f6e\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e5f\u88ab\u7f8e\u8ecd\u63a1\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e86\u76df\u8ecd\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u76df\u8ecd\u6700\u9ad8\u9818\u8896\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u3001\u90b1\u5409\u723e\u8207\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u7b49\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4fbf\u90fd\u63a1\u7528\u4e86Shannon\u53c3\u8207\u7814\u767c\u7684\u90a3\u5957\u901a\u4fe1\u52a0\u5bc6\u8a2d\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1940\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6230\u4e8b\u7684\u5c3e\u8072\uff0cShannon\u7d42\u65bc\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5c08\u6ce8\u5728\u4ed6\u539f\u5148\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u89f8\u904e\u96fb\u8a71\u3001\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u3001\u96fb\u8996\u8207\u96fb\u5831\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u50b3\u8f38\u7cfb\u7d71\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u300d\uff08information\uff09\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6578\u4f4d\u901a\u4fe1\uff08digital communications\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u6771\u897f\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5132\u5b58\u3001\u4e0a\u50b3\u3001\u4e0b\u8f09\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u4ed6\u8166\u6d77\u4e2d\u6d6e\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1948\u5e74\uff0cShannon\u7d42\u65bc\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u8a34\u8af8\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u300a\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u8a0a\u6578\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>A\u00a0<\/em><em>Mathematical Theory of Communication<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u9019\u662f\u7bc7\u88ab\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u4eba\u300b\uff08<em>Scientific American<\/em>\uff09\u8b7d\u70ba\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6642\u4ee3\u5927\u61b2\u7ae0\u300d\uff08the\u00a0<em>Magna Carta<\/em>\u00a0of the information age\uff09\u7684\u5283\u6642\u4ee3\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u6b21\u5e74\u70ba\u6eff\u8db3\u4e00\u822c\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u88ab\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u77e5\u540d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6Warren Weaver\u6539\u5beb\u70ba\u8f03\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u7248\u672c\u2014\u2014\u300a\u90a3\u500b\u901a\u8a0a\u6578\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>The\u00a0<\/em><em>Mathematical Theory of Communication<\/em>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cShannon\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u67b6\u69cb\uff1a\u300c\u8a0a\u606f\u4f86\u6e90\u300d\uff08information source\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u767c\u9001\u8005\uff09\u901a\u904e\u300c\u7ba1\u9053\u300d\uff08channel\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u689d\u62c9\u7dca\u7684\u7e69\u5b50\u3001\u4e00\u689d\u96fb\u8a71\u7dda\u6216\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u6ce2\uff09\u5c07\u6578\u4f4d\u8a0a\u865f\uff08\u53ea\u67090\u62161\uff09\u50b3\u9001\u7d66\u300c\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u300d\uff08receiver\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5be6\u969b\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u53ea\u67091\uff08\u662f\uff09\u82070\uff08\u975e\uff09\u5169\u7a2e\u8a0a\u865f\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6210\u6557\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u65bc\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u80fd\u5426\u4ee5\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u662f\u975e\u984c\u63a8\u6e2c\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u8a0a\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8a2d\u6b32\u50b3\u9001\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8a0a\u606f\u662f\u4ee5\u300cF\u300d\u5b57\u6bcd\u958b\u982d\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u5b8c\u6574\u82f1\u8a9e\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u76f4\u89c0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u6309\u7167\u82f1\u8a9e26\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u6392\u5217\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u8a62\u554f\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u8a72\u5b57\u6bcd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q1. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cA\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA1. \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q2. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cB\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA2. \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q3. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cC\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA3. \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q4. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cD\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA4. \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q5. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cE\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA5. \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q6. \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cF\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA6. \u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2192\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cF\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300c\u6700\u5c11\u554f\u984c\u300d\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5c0726\u500b\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u9806\u5e8f\u5206\u70ba\u524d\u5f8c\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u8a62\u554f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u9010\u6b65\u7e2e\u5c0f\u7bc4\u570d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q(1). \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u5728A\u5230N\u4e4b\u9593\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA(1). \u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q(2). \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u5728A\u5230F\u4e4b\u9593\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA(2). \u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q(3). \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u5728A\u5230C\u4e4b\u9593\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA(3). \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q(4). \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cD\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA(4). \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Q(5). \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cE\u300d\u55ce\uff1f<br \/>\nA(5). \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u2192\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u300cF\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u900f\u904e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u662f\u975e\u984c\u5f97\u77e5\u767c\u9001\u8005\u539f\u59cb\u8a0a\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u7121\u6cd5\u518d\u58d3\u4f4e\u554f\u984c\u6578\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u8207\u767c\u9001\u8005\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e26\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9053\u662f\u975e\u984c\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u50cf\u5728\u62cb\u64f2\u4e00\u679a\u786c\u5e63\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u9001\u8005\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u5c0d\u65bc\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u7e3d\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8207\u9a5a\u559c\u3002\u7136\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u65e5\u4e45\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u9ed8\u9ed8\u89c0\u5bdf\u767c\u9001\u8005\u6240\u9001\u51fa\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u66fe\u8207\u767c\u9001\u8005\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u9010\u6f38\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u80fd\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u554f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6578\u9054\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shannon\u4ee5\u6a5f\u7387\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u91cf\u5316\u8cc7\u8a0a\u300c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u300d\u6216\u300c\u9a5a\u559c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u767c\u73fe\u610f\u5916\u5730\u8207\u71b1\u529b\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u71b5\u300d\uff08entropy\uff09\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u71b5\u539f\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6df7\u4e82\u8207\u7121\u79e9\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff09\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8a08\u7b97\uff0cShannon\u63a1\u7528\u300c\u4f4d\u5143\u300d\uff08bit\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u50b3\u905e\u4e00\u500b\u8a0a\u606f\u6240\u9700\u5e73\u5747\u554f\u984c\u6578\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u9078\u64c7\u9817\u5177\u5de7\u601d\uff1a\u4e00\u4f86\u5728\u7f8e\u5f0f\u4fda\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c2 bits\u300d\u4ee3\u630725\u7f8e\u5206\u786c\u5e63\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5f9e\u672a\u767c\u884c\u904e12.5\u7f8e\u5206\u9762\u984d\u7684\u786c\u5e63\uff09\uff0c\u8c61\u5fb5\u6bcf\u9053\u662f\u975e\u984c\u5728\u6a5f\u7387\u4e0a\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u4e1f\u9285\u677f\uff1b\u4e8c\u5247\u53ef\u5c07\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u4e8c\u9032\u4f4d\u6578\u5143\u300d\uff08binary digit\uff09\u7684\u6df7\u6210\u5b57\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u50b3\u905e\u4e00\u500b\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u4fbf\u662f5\u500b\u4f4d\u5143\uff08\u6e96\u78ba\u503c\u70ba4.7\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bcd\u53ea\u9700\u89814\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u4e00\u6bb5\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u8a9e\u53e5\u6240\u9078\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u8a5e\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6703\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u5176\u898f\u5f8b\u53ef\u5faa\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u8457\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u71b5\u503c\uff08\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\uff09\u8207\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u4f4d\u5143\uff08\u554f\u984c\u6578\uff09\u3002\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u71b5\u503c\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u91cf\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u7b49\u91cf\u7684\u6578\u64da\u4fbf\u80fd\u627f\u8f09\u66f4\u591a\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u8cc7\u6599\u58d3\u7e2e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u96db\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6210\u6557\u3002\u4e00\u9663\u98a8\u8f15\u8f15\u62c2\u904e\u62c9\u7dca\u7684\u7d30\u7e69\u3001\u96fb\u7dda\u4e2d\u7684\u71b1\u64fe\u52d5\u6216\u5b87\u5b99\u5fae\u6ce2\u80cc\u666f\u8f3b\u5c04\u6240\u9020\u6210\u6536\u97f3\u6a5f\u88e1\u7684\u6c99\u6c99\u8072\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7ba1\u9053\u5167\u5929\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u300c\u96dc\u8a0a\u300d\uff08noise\uff09\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9014\u4e2d\u88ab\u300c\u7ac4\u6539\u300d\uff0c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u50b3\u6284\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u7d44\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u8207\u767c\u9001\u8005\u7684\u61c9\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a7f\u63d2\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u540c\u4f4d\u4f4d\u5143\u300d\uff08parity bit\uff09\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u540c\u4f4d\u4f4d\u5143\u4e26\u975e\u767c\u9001\u8005\u56de\u8986\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u7cfb\u7d71\u81ea\u52d5\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u7d44\u61c9\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u9001\u8005\u7e3d\u5171\u767c\u51fa\u4e86\u5076\u6578\u6b21\u6216\u5947\u6578\u6b21\u7684\u300c\u662f\u300d\uff0c\u8b93\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u56de\u982d\u78ba\u8a8d\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6838\u6821\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u4f55\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5200\u7247\u5728\u5149\u789f\u7247\u4e0a\u5283\u4e00\u5200\uff0c\u5149\u789f\u537b\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u5967\u79d8\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u627f\u8f09\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u4f4d\u5143\u5916\uff0c\u5916\u52a0\u4e86\u591a\u9918\u7684\u300c\u7121\u6548\u300d\uff08\u672a\u627f\u8f09\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u53ea\u70ba\u4e86\u9664\u932f\uff09\u4f4d\u5143\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u50b3\u8f38\u91cf\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7ba1\u9053\u5728\u55ae\u4f4d\u6642\u9593\u5167\u6240\u80fd\u50b3\u8f38\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u8a72\u7ba1\u9053\u5167\u7684\u96dc\u8a0a\uff1a\u96dc\u8a0a\u5f71\u97ff\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u88ab\u8feb\u52a0\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u300c\u7121\u6548\u300d\u4f4d\u5143\uff0c\u58d3\u7e2e\u5fc5\u8981\u4f4d\u5143\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u5411\u8fb2\u6975\u9650\u300d\uff08Shannon's limit\uff09\u6216\u300c\u5411\u8fb2\u5bb9\u91cf\u300d\uff08Shannon capacity\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904eShannon\u53ea\u662f\u62cb\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u7559\u4e0b\u89e3\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u5167\uff0c\u7121\u6578\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u524d\u4ec6\u5f8c\u7e7c\uff0c\u53ea\u70ba\u4e86\u8da8\u8fd1\u6216\u7a81\u7834\u9019\u689d\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u8b93\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u50b3\u771f\u3001\u7121\u7dda\u901a\u8a0a\u7b49\u73fe\u4ee3\u901a\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Shannon\u4e00\u624b\u69cb\u7bc9\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u6578\u4f4d\u50b3\u8f38\u9818\u57df\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u7684\u7a31\u865f\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u591c\u6210\u540d\uff0c\u8e8b\u8eab\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u7684\u5927\u540d\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\u6700\u8000\u773c\u7684\u4e00\u9846\u661f\u3002\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u9813\u6642\u6210\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6642\u9ae6\u7528\u8a9e\uff0c\u5f9e\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u518d\u5230\u97f3\u6a02\u5b78\uff0c\u5404\u500b\u5b78\u79d1\u90fd\u6068\u4e0d\u5f97\u80fd\u6500\u89aa\u5e36\u6545\u3001\u6cbe\u4e9b\u5149\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u751f\u6027\u9766\u8146\u3001\u8b19\u865b\u7684Shannon\u537b\u5c0d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5149\u74b0\u611f\u5230\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u81ea\u5728\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u5176\u5be6\u904e\u8b7d\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u5f9e\u4f86\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7372\u734e\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0d\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u539f\u7406\u3001\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7406\u8ad6\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u662f\u8207\u975e\u3002\u300d\u6709\u821e\u53f0\u6050\u61fc\u7684\u4ed6\u751a\u5c11\u51fa\u5e2d\u6388\u734e\u5100\u5f0f\uff0c\u6f14\u8b1b\u9080\u8acb\u51fd\u4e5f\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u88ab\u4ed6\u76f4\u63a5\u6254\u9032\u5783\u573e\u6876\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300cShannon\u8d85\u51fa\u5e38\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u5546\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u6c23\u8cea\u3002\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6572\u958b\u4ed6\u7684\u9580\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6703\u56de\u61c9\u4f60\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u6703\u8ddf\u81ea\u5df1\u8aaa\u8a71\u3002\u300d\u9019\u4e9b\u662f\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88e1\u66fe\u8207Shannon\u5171\u4e8b\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u5011\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0cShannon\u7d50\u8b58\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u4f34\u4fb6\uff0c\u8207\u7576\u6642\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u64d4\u4efb\u6578\u503c\u5206\u6790\u54e1\u7684Betty\uff08\u51fa\u751f\u6642\u7684\u672c\u540d\u70baMary Elizabeth Moore\uff09\u65bc1949\u5e74\u7d50\u5a5a\uff0c\u65e5\u5f8c\u751f\u4e0b\u4e09\u540d\u5b50\u5973\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u25cf\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u8207\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\uff081949-1978\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5378\u4e0b\u5b78\u8005\u8eab\u5206\u7684Shannon\u5c31\u50cf\u500b\u5927\u9811\u7ae5\uff1a\u611b\u597d\u73a9\u5177\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u3001\u96dc\u800d\u3001\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d81\u591c\u6df1\u4eba\u975c\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u5927\u5ef3\u88e1\u9a0e\u7368\u8f2a\u8173\u8e0f\u8eca\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u500b\u5fb9\u982d\u5fb9\u5c3e\u7684\u4fee\u88dc\u5320\u548c\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u623f\u9593\u585e\u6eff\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u767c\u660e\u3001\u6eff\u6eff\u7ae5\u8da3\u3001\u81ea\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u7528\u4e4b\u7269\u300d\u7684\u88dd\u7f6e\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7f85\u99ac\u6578\u5b57\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fa9\u539f\u9b54\u8853\u65b9\u584a\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u3001\u6c7d\u6cb9\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u5f48\u7c27\u9ad8\u8e7a\u3001\u5439\u594f\u6642\u6703\u5674\u706b\u7684\u5c0f\u865f\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u6703\u73a9\u96dc\u800d\u7403\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u5728\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u4e2d\u89aa\u81ea\u793a\u7bc4\u5982\u4f55\u4e1f\u7403\u96dc\u800d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5e7e\u7bc7\u300c\u6b63\u7d93\u300d\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u8b93\u591a\u500b\u7269\u54c1\u540c\u6642\u505c\u7559\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u958b\u904e\u98db\u6a5f\u3001\u5439\u594f\u55ae\u7c27\u7ba1\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5be6\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u7235\u58eb\u6a02\u611b\u597d\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79c9\u6301\u8457\u5c0d\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u53ca\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u8207Betty\u7d50\u5a5a\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\uff0cShannon\u5728\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u4eba\u5c0d\u5f08\u7684\u521d\u968e\u96fb\u8166\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5beb\u4e0b\u300a\u7de8\u7a0b\u4e00\u81fa\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u300b\uff08<em>Programming a Computer for Playing Chess<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0d\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5957\u7528\u5728\u96fb\u8166\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u5f8c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f1997\u5e74\u64ca\u6557\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u8ecdGarry Kasparov\u7684\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166\u300c\u6df1\u85cd\u300d\uff08DeepBlue\uff0c\u7531IBM\u7814\u767c\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u65bc2016\u5e74\u64ca\u6557\u570d\u68cb\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u8ecd\u674e\u4e16\u4e6d\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167AlphaGo\uff08\u7531Google DeepMind\u7814\u767c\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u5230Shannon\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8207\u555f\u767c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1956\u5e74\uff0cShannon\u91cd\u8fd4MIT\u6559\u66f8\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u7e7c\u7e8c\u64d4\u4efb\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u9867\u554f\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d7John McCarthy\u3001Marvin Minsky\u8207Nathaniel Rochester\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u9080\u8acb\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u7e54\u4e86\u9054\u7279\u8305\u65af\u6703\u8b70\uff08Dartmouth Workshop\uff09\u3002\u5728\u9019\u5834\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u5177\u6307\u6a19\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6703\u8b70\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u300d\u7d42\u65bc\u812b\u96e2\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9805\u76ee\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u6240\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u8af8\u591a\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52d5\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u7de8\u7a0b\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u7d61\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u898f\u6a21\u7406\u8ad6\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u4ecd\u5728AI\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u8208\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u767c\u9175\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u25cf\u6c88\u9ed8\u665a\u5e74\uff081978-2001\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1972\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u96fb\u6a5f\u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u5b78\u6703\uff08IEEE\uff09\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e86\u6709\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u300d\u4e4b\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u5411\u8fb2\u734e\u300d\uff08Claude E. Shannon Award\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5247\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7372\u734e\u4eba\u30021985\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6c11\u9593\u70ba\u8868\u5f70\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u79d1\u5b78\u9032\u5c55\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u8ca2\u737b\u8005\uff0c\u4eff\u7167\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5275\u7acb\u4e86\u300c\u4eac\u90fd\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b78\u734e\u300d\uff08\u4eac\u90fd\u8cde\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b66\u90e8\u9580\uff09\uff0cShannon\u4e5f\u662f\u9996\u4f4d\u5f97\u4e3b\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0cShannon\u9010\u6f38\u6de1\u51fa\u516c\u773e\u7684\u8996\u91ce\u3002\u7576\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5c07\u4e00\u68df\u65b0\u5efa\u7bc9\u51a0\u4ee5Shannon\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u843d\u6210\u5178\u79ae\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u73fe\u8eab\u3002\u5bb6\u9109\u84cb\u6d1b\u5fb7\u5c0f\u93ae\u70ba\u4ed6\u9444\u50cf\uff0c\u5100\u5f0f\u4e0a\u662f\u59bb\u5b50Betty\u4ee3\u70ba\u51fa\u5e2d\u3002\u89aa\u670b\u597d\u53cb\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u5728Shannon\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u524d\u5146\uff0c\u5c07\u4ed6\u9001\u5165\u990a\u8b77\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1993\u5e74\uff0cShannon\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b127\u7a2e\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c\u4e3b\u984c\u5f9e\u901a\u8a0a\u5230\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u96dc\u800d\u5230\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u2500\u2500\u5305\u7f85\u842c\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2001\u5e742\u6708\uff0cShannon\u7d42\u7a76\u5728\u8207\u75c5\u9b54\u7684\u7e8f\u9b25\u4e2d\u6557\u4e0b\u9663\u4f86\uff0c\u4eab\u58fd84\u6b72\u3002\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u70baShannon\u8209\u8fa6\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u5ea7\u8ac7\u6703\uff0c\u7dec\u61f7\u4ed6\u5728\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8207\u901a\u8a0a\u9818\u57df\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e5f\u5411\u4ed6\u4e00\u624b\u7de0\u9020\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\u81f4\u656c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u4ed6\u4e0d\u66fe\u89aa\u624b\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u5f35\u5149\u789f\u3001\u4e00\u652f\u624b\u6a5f\u3001\u4e00\u81fa\u96fb\u8166\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u901a\u8a0a\u3001\u5132\u5b58\u8a2d\u5099\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u5efa\u69cb\u5728Shannon\u5929\u99ac\u884c\u7a7a\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u907f\u4fd7\u3001\u4e0d\u559c\u5f35\u63da\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u7531\u773e\u4eba\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u62b9\u53bb\u4e86\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u6700\u7d42\u4e5f\u70ba\u4ed6\u62b9\u53bb\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u76f8\u5fd8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.itsoc.org\/about\/shannon\"><em>Claude E. Shannon \u2014 Information Theory Society<\/em><\/a>. Itsoc.org. (2020).<\/li>\n<li>Cruise, B.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/computing\/computer-science\/informationtheory#moderninfotheory\"><em>Journey into information theory | Computer science | Khan Academy\u00a0<\/em><\/a>[Video].<\/li>\n<li>Effros, M., &amp; Poor, H. (2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4171\/news\/103\/5\">Claude Shannon: His Work and Its Legacy<\/a>.\u00a0<em>EMS Newsletter<\/em>,\u00a0<em>2017-3<\/em>(103), 29-34.<\/li>\n<li>Soni, J., &amp; Goodman, R. (2017).\u00a0<em>A mind at play<\/em>. Simon &amp; Schuster.<\/li>\n<li>University of California Television (UCTV). (2008).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=z2Whj_nL-x8\"><em>Claude Shannon \u2013 Father of the Information Age<\/em><\/a>[Video].<\/li>\n<li>\u694a\u7389\u9f61\uff08\u8b6f\uff09\uff08\u6c11102\uff09\u3002<strong>\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u62c7\u6307\uff1a\u57fa\u56e0\u5bc6\u78bc\u88e1\u95dc\u65bc\u611b\u60c5\u3001\u6230\u722d\u8207\u5929\u624d\u7684\u5931\u843d\u50b3\u5947<\/strong>\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aSam Kean\uff09\u3002\u81fa\u7063\uff1a\u5927\u584a\u6587\u5316\u3002\uff08\u539f\u8457\u51fa\u7248\uf98e\uff1a2013\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8cf4\u76c8\u6eff\uff08\u8b6f\uff09\uff08\u6c11100\uff09\u3002<strong>\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1a\u4e00\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u4e00\u80a1\u6d2a\u6d41<\/strong>\uff08\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aJames Gleick\uff09\u3002\u81fa\u7063\uff1a\u885b\u57ce\u51fa\u7248\u3002\uff08\u539f\u8457\u51fa\u7248\u5e74\uff1a2011\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">(\u672c\u6587\u70ba\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u6280\u8853\u53ca\u61c9\u7528\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u80b2\u8a08\u756b\u300d\u6210\u679c\u5167\u5bb9)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shannon\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u5c11\u898b\u7684\u5929\u624d\u578b\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u78a9\u58eb\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d50\u5408\u5e03\u6797\u904b\u7b97\u8207\u4e8c\u5143\u904b\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u958b\u95dc\u53ca\u96fb\u8def\u914d\u7f6e\u5be6\u73fe\u908f\u8f2f\u5323\uff0c\u582a\u7a31\u4eba\u985e\u79d1\u6280\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u5f8c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u727d\u8d77\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7d93\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u8207\u6578\u4f4d\u8a0a\u865f\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u60f3\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u7576\u4eca\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u300c\u4f4d\u5143\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u55ae\u4f4d\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u5132\u5b58\u8207\u9664\u932f\u3001\u8a0a\u606f\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230Shannon\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u7121\u5948\u4ed6\u5929\u751f\u5167\u5411\u3001\u4e0d\u559c\u5f35\u63da\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u66f4\u56e0\u7f79\u60a3\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u800c\u6df1\u5c45\u7c21\u51fa\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u4f60\u6211\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":36967,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4986,5138,3772,3293],"tags":[5003,5004,2747,5002],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Claude-Shannon_\u982d\u50cf.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36957"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36957"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36957\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37034,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36957\/revisions\/37034"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36967"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}