{"id":36764,"date":"2021-07-23T00:55:05","date_gmt":"2021-07-22T16:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36764"},"modified":"2023-06-06T14:02:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:02:24","slug":"%ef%bc%9c%e8%81%86%e8%81%bd%e7%b6%93%e9%a9%97%e8%88%87%e9%9f%b3%e6%a8%82%e8%a8%93%e7%b7%b4%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bd%a2%e5%a1%91%e5%a4%a7%e8%85%a6%ef%bc%9f%ef%bc%9e%ef%bc%86%ef%bc%9c%e4%ba%a5%e5%a7%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36764","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6c99\u9f8d\u3011\u3008\u8046\u807d\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u5851\u5927\u8166\uff1f\u3009\uff06\u3008\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u8332\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u79d1\u5b78\u3009"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tYcY_yw_8us\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u3008\u8046\u807d\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u5851\u5927\u8166\uff1f\u3009<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8ab2\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u611f\u5b98\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u53ca\u6f14\u594f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5927\u8166\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u767c\u80b2\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8166\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u672c\u8b1b\u6b21\u4ecb\u7d39\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u5c0d\u6b64\u4e00\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8b1b\u5e2b\uff1a\u674e\u627f\u5b97\uff5c\u611b\u6a02\u96fb\u53f0\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u559c\u6b61\u807d\u97f3\u6a02\u300d\u7bc0\u76ee\u4e3b\u6301<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u662f\u6307\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u754c\u523a\u6fc0\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u9069\u61c9\u6027\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u4ee5\u8a18\u4f4f\u91cd\u8981\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u9069\u61c9\u65b0\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4e26\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u53cd\u6620\u65bc\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb\u5206\u4f48\uff0c\u7a81\u89f8\u751f\u6210\u8207\u6d88\u6ec5\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u7e96\u7dad\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u795e\u7d93\u6838\u8207\u4e0d\u540c\u8166\u5340\u4e92\u52d5\u7b49\u7b49\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8166\u5f88\u9069\u5408\u7528\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u5851\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u807d\u89ba\u3001\u89f8\u89ba\u3001\u8996\u89ba\u3001\u77ed\u671f\u8207\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u3001\u60c5\u7dd2\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u806f\u60f3\u8207\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u914d\u5408\u8207\u611f\u5b98\u7d71\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8166\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u7684\u807d\u89ba\u76ae\u5c64\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u898f\u5f8b\u800c\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u9577\u671f\u8a13\u7df4\u800c\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f03\u80fd\u5920\u6355\u6349\u5230\u8072\u97f3\u88e1\u982d\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\uff1b\u6f14\u594f\u7279\u5b9a\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u8166\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5668\u6a02\u8072\u97ff\uff0c\u66f4\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8f03\u5f37\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u8166\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u6307\u63ee\u5bb6\u7684\u807d\u89ba\u7a7a\u9593\u8655\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u660e\u986f\u6bd4\u92fc\u7434\u6f14\u594f\u5bb6\u4f86\u5f97\u512a\u79c0\uff1b\u7235\u58eb\u6a02\u8ddf\u53e4\u5178\u6a02\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\uff0c\u5927\u8166\u8655\u7406\u97f3\u6a02\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8166\u5c0d\u65bc\u52d5\u4f5c\u8207\u8072\u97f3\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u6f14\u594f\u8a13\u7df4\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6a02\u5668\u7686\u9700\u96d9\u624b\u6f14\u594f\uff0c\u96d9\u624b\u7684\u7d71\u5408\u8a13\u7df4\u589e\u5f37\u4e86\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u9023\u7d50\u5de6\u53f3\u8166\u7684\u80fc\u80dd\u9ad4\uff1b\u5f26\u6a02\u5bb6\u7531\u65bc\u6f14\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u5de6\u53f3\u624b\u5206\u5de5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u6539\u8b8a\u52d5\u4f5c\u76ae\u5c64\u63a7\u5236\u624b\u6307\u7684\u8166\u5340\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u4f5c\u8a13\u7df4\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5927\u8166\u6539\u8b8a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ddf\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u5f9e\u5e7e\u6b72\u958b\u59cb\u63a5\u53d7\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u9752\u6625\u671f\u524d\u5f8c\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u5dee\u7570\u5c24\u70ba\u986f\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u5c0d\u65bc\u807d\u89ba\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u9817\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6bd4\u8d77\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\uff0c\u97f3\u6a02\u5bb6\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u5608\u96dc\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u807d\u898b\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u807d\u898b\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff1b\u52d5\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u4ea6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u807d\u89ba\u76ae\u5c64\u7d30\u80de\u56e0\u70ba\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c\u5c0d\u8072\u97f3\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u97f3\u6a02\u8a13\u7df4\u6709\u76ca\u65bc\u8a13\u7df4\u807d\u89ba\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0d\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u7fd2\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3008<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u8332\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u79d1\u5b78\u3009<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u5fb7\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u8332 (Hermann von Helmholtz) 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1877 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