{"id":36743,"date":"2021-08-27T00:57:56","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T16:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36743"},"modified":"2021-10-15T11:40:50","modified_gmt":"2021-10-15T03:40:50","slug":"1969-%e5%b9%b4-8-%e6%9c%88-9-%e6%97%a5-%e7%99%bc%e7%8f%be-%e4%bb%8b%e5%ad%90%e9%96%8b%e5%95%9f%e7%b2%92%e5%ad%90%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%96%b0%e5%a4%a7%e9%96%80%e7%9a%84%e9%ae%91%e7%88%be%ef%bc%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36743","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u516b\u6708\u30111969 \u5e74 8 \u6708 9 \u65e5: \u767c\u73fe \u03c0 \u4ecb\u5b50\u958b\u555f\u7c92\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u65b0\u5927\u9580\u7684\u9b91\u723e\uff08Cecil Frank Powell\uff09\u8fad\u4e16"},"content":{"rendered":"

1969 \u5e74 8 \u6708 9 \u65e5: \u767c\u73fe \u03c0 \u4ecb\u5b50\u958b\u555f\u7c92\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u65b0\u5927\u9580\u7684\u9b91\u723e\uff08Cecil Frank Powell\uff09\u8fad\u4e16<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Wikimedia Commons
\u9b91\u723e\uff08Cecil Frank Powell\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u6587\uff5c\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\uff08\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

1932 \u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u67e5\u514c\u514b\uff08James Chadwick\uff0c1935 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\u5ba3\u4f48\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5c07\u7576\u6642\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u7531\u4e09\u500b\uff08\u5149\u5b50\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u3001\u8cea\u5b50\uff09\u589e\u52a0\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u99ac\u4e0a\u78ba\u8a8d\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u662f\u7531\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u5011\u76f8\u4e92\u62c9\u626f\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff1f\u8981\u69cb\u6210\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5f37\u56fa\u7d50\u5408\u9ad4\uff0c\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u96fb\u78c1\u529b\u90fd\u5acc\u592a\u5fae\u5f31\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6e6f\u5ddd\u79c0\u6a39\uff08Hideki Yukawa\uff0c1949 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\u5728 1935 \u5e74\u63f4\u5f15\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u96fb\u78c1\u529b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u6838\u529b\u5834\u300d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f30\u8a08\u300c\u6838\u529b\u5834\u300d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u2500\u2500\u5373\u50b3\u905e\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u2500\u2500\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u61c9\u7d04\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u7684 200 \u500d\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6e6f\u5ddd\u79c0\u6a39\u6642\u5e74 28 \u6b72\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3002<\/p>\n

1947 \u5e74\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\uff08Cecil Frank Powell\uff09\u5ba3\u4f48\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u6e6f\u5ddd\u79c0\u6a39\u6240\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u70ba \u03c0 \u4ecb\u5b50\uff0c\u70ba\u7c92\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u4e00\u6247\u65b0\u5927\u9580\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u5916\u7956\u7236\u662f\u500b\u5c0f\u5b78\u6821\u9577\uff0c\u5f88\u91cd\u8996\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u6bcd\u89aa\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5144\u5f1f\uff0c\u5f9e\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u64d4\u4efb\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u51fa\u7248\u5546\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5f88\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u6bcd\u89aa\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8996\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6642\u5e38\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u8cc8\u5fb7\u4e2d\u5b78\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9b91\u723e\u65bc 1921 \u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u734e\u5b78\u91d1\u9032\u5165\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u96ea\u68a8\u7d22\u585e\u514b\u65af\u5b78\u9662 \uff08Sidney Sussex College\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc 1925 \u5e74\u4ee5\u7269\u7406\u79d1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u540d\u7684\u512a\u7570\u6210\u7e3e\u7562\u696d\u3002\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u8d77\u5148\u66fe\u60f3\u8ddf\u96a8\u5916\u7956\u7236\u7684\u8173\u6b65\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u540d\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e5f\u627e\u597d\u4e86\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u7336\u8c6b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fbf\u53bb\u627e\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u897f\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u62c9\u585e\u798f\uff08Ernest Rutherford\uff0c1908 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\uff0c\u770b\u80fd\u5426\u7576\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u3002\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u540c\u610f\u5f8c\u4fbf\u5b89\u6392\u5a01\u723e\u68ee \uff08C. T. R. Wilson\uff0c1927 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u63f4\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u9b91\u723e\u5b8c\u6210\u8ad6\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u524d\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\uff08Bristol\uff09\u5927\u5b78\u5a01\u723e\u65af\u7269\u7406\u6240\u6240\u9577\u5ef7\u5f97 \uff08A.M. Tyndall\uff09\u5230\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u897f\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u9762\u8a66\u4ed6\uff0c\u5ef6\u652c\u4ed6\u5230\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u7576\u52a9\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3002\u9b91\u723e\u65bc 1928 \u5e74\u6625\u5929\u642c\u53bb\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9664\u4e86 1935 \u5e74\u53c3\u52a0\u63a2\u96aa\u968a\u5230\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6d77\u7684\u8499\u54f2\u81d8\u5cf6\uff08Monteserrat\uff09\u89c0\u6e2c\u706b\u5c71\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6559\u5b78\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u9593\u64d4\u4efb\u904e\u5a01\u723e\u65af\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6240\u9577\u4ee5\u53ca\u526f\u6821\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef7\u5f97\u7d66\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\uff0c\u7cbe\u78ba\u6e2c\u91cf\u96e2\u5b50\u5728\u6c23\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u9077\u79fb\u7387 \u30021935 \u5e74\uff0c\u5ef7\u5f97\u70ba\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u4ed6\u7269\u7406\u6240\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u767c\u5c55\u6838\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9b91\u723e\u5f9e\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u6d77\u56de\u4f86\u5f8c\uff0c\u8acb\u4ed6\u9664\u4e86\u8a2d\u8a08\u96f2\u9727\u5ba4\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u8ca0\u8cac\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u500b 750 kV \u7684\u67ef\u514b\u52de\u592b-\u6c83\u541e\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff08J.D. Cockcroft-E.T.S. Walton\uff0c 1951 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u6c18\u6838\uff0c\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5b50\u548c\u8cea\u5b50\u7684\u6563\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u65bc 1938 \u5e74\u521d\u958b\u59cb\u52a0\u901f\u8cea\u5b50\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u56e0\u70ba\u8eb2\u907f\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5230\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6d77\u7279\u52d2\uff08W. Heitler\uff0c1904-1981\uff0c<\/strong>\u8457\u540d\u5fb7\u570b\u7406\u8ad6\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff09\u544a\u8a34\u5ef7\u5f97\u548c\u9b91\u723e\uff0c\u8aaa\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u534a\u8272\u8abf\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\uff08halftone photographic emulsion\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6e2c\u5230\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u6975\u70ba\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u4ed6\u5011\u5230\u5c71\u9802\u4e0a\u53bb\u91cd\u8907\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u679c\u7136\u76f8\u7576\u4e0d\u932f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6\u6df1\u53d7\u9f13\u821e\uff0c\u99ac\u4e0a\u60f3\u5230\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u7528\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\u4f86\u53d6\u4ee3\u96f2\u9727\u5ba4\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u5075\u6e2c\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u6e2c\u5b9a\u4e2d\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u8b5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7167 36,000 \u5f35\u76f8\u7247\uff0c\u518d\u8cbb\u6642\u516d\u500b\u6708\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u800c\u63a1\u7528\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5929\u5c31\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e14\u7d50\u679c\u66f4\u70ba\u7cbe\u78ba\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u5f9e 1939 \u5e74\u6625\u5929\u8d77\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u7a4d\u6975\u6295\u5165\u6539\u9032\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\u6cd5\u7684\u7cbe\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u78ba\u91cf\u6e2c\u8ecc\u8de1\u7279\u9ede\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u90a3\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u6838\u7269\u7406\u754c\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u9b91\u723e\u5728\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6642\u9593\u3002\u9b91\u723e\u4e8b\u5f8c\u56de\u60f3\uff0c\u6176\u5e78\u7576\u6642\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5931\u6557\u7d93\u9a57\u548c\u770b\u6cd5 \u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u9b91\u723e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u63a1\u7528\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\u677f\u505a\u70ba\u5075\u6e2c\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u96f2\u9727\u5ba4\u6c92\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e5f\u5728 1940 \u5e74\u505c\u64fa\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u9b91\u723e\u65bc 1941 \u5e74\u52d5\u4e86\u76f2\u8178\u624b\u8853\u52a0\u4e0a\u8179\u819c\u708e\uff0c\u90fd\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u9b91\u723e\u6230\u6642\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

1945 \u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u897f\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5967\u514b\u67e5\u91cc\u5c3c\uff08G.P.S. Occhialini\uff0c 1907-1993, \u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5be6\u9a57\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff09\u5728\u6230\u722d\u7d50\u675f\u524d\uff0c\u5f9e\u5df4\u897f\u56de\u5230\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u5718\u968a\u3002\u5967\u514b\u67e5\u91cc\u5c3c\u5f88\u770b\u597d\u7167\u76f8\u4e73\u81a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u8207\u88fd\u4f5c\u81a0\u7247\u7684\u4f0a\u723e\u798f\u516c\u53f8\u806f\u7e6b\uff0c\u6539\u9032\u4e73\u81a0\u677f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u5e36\u5230\u5e87\u91cc\u725b\u65af\u5c71\u5357\u5cf0\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u53bb\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u518d\u5e36\u56de\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u6c96\u6d17\u3002\u5728\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bc6\u5bc6\u9ebb\u9ebb\u5404\u7a2e\u6162\u901f\u8cea\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u80fd\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u90fd\u88ab\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8a18\u9304\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u8208\u596e\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u95d6\u5165\u9ad8\u7246\u5167\u8c50\u76db\u7684\u679c\u5712\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u9ad8\u5c71\u548c\u9ad8\u7a7a\u6c23\u7403\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u8907\u51fa\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u9318\u5b50\u5f0f\u8ecc\u8de1\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9577\u67c4\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u8a73\u76e1\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u5718\u968a\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e3b\u8ecc\u8de1\u6e90\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u65b0\u4ecb\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u9020\u6210\u9577\u67c4\u8ecc\u8de1\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5247\u8207 1936 \u5e74\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\uff08C. D. Anderson\uff0c 1903-1991, 1936 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\u548c\u8076\u5fb7\u9081\u8033\uff08S. Neddermeyer\uff09\u5728\u6d77\u9762\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u4ecb\u5b50\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u5206\u5225\u547d\u540d\u70ba \u03c0- \u4ecb\u5b50\u548c \u03bc- \u4ecb\u5b50\uff0c\u8cea\u91cf\u5404\u70ba\u96fb\u5b50\u7684 274 \u548c 212 \u500d\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u4ed6\u5011\u53c8\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u91cd\u7684\u4ecb\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684 K- \u4ecb\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u65b0\u4ecb\u5b50\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4f86\u81e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e36\u8ca0\u96fb\u7684 \u03c0-<\/sup>- \u4ecb\u5b50\u9032\u5165\u56fa\u9ad4\u5167\u6642\uff0c\u99ac\u4e0a\u6703\u88ab\u539f\u5b50\u6355\u6349\uff0c\u8ddf\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u81f4\u5176\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u5b83\u8ddf\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u6838\u5b50\u6709\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 \u03c0- \u4ecb\u5b50\u5f88\u50cf\u6e6f\u5ddd\u79c0\u6a39\u6240\u9810\u6e2c\u4e4b\u300c\u6838\u529b\u5834\u300d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u7269\u7406\u754c\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\uff0c\u6e6f\u5ddd\u79c0\u6a39\u56e0\u6b64\u65bc 1949 \u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u632f\u4e86\u6230\u6557\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u570b\u6c11\u58eb\u6c23\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\u9812\u7d66\u9b91\u723e\uff0c\u56e0\u4ed6\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7167\u76f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e4b\u767c\u73fe\u4ecb\u5b50\u3002\u03c0- \u4ecb\u5b50\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u6838\u4f5c\u7528\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7372\u9812\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f8c\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u7dda\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u898f\u6a21\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u958b\u5553\u591a\u570b\u5718\u968a\u5408\u4f5c\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u70ba\u6210\u7acb\u6b50\u6d32\u6838\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\u7d44\u7e54 \uff08CERN\uff09 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u9b91\u723e\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207 CERN \u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u660e\u986f\u504f\u5de6\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u770b\u5230\u539f\u5b50\u5f48\u548c\u6c2b\u5f48\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6bba\u50b7\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u5f97\u734e\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u958b\u59cb\u806f\u7e6b\u5404\u570b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5925\u4f34\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u8207\u7f85\u7d20\u7b49\u4eba\u651c\u624b\u75be\u547c\u5ee2\u9664\u6838\u6b66\u5668\uff0c1955 \u5e74\u767c\u4f48\u7684\u7f85\u7d20-\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f 11 \u500b\u7c3d\u540d\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u5e15\u683c\u6c83\u4ec0\uff08Pugwash\uff09\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e8b\u52d9\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc 1967 \u5e74\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u8607\u806f\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u65bc 1967 \u5e74\u9812\u7d66\u4ed6\u6700\u9ad8\u69ae\u8b7d\u300c\u7f85\u8499\u8afe\u7d22\u592b\u734e\u300d\uff08Lomonosov\uff09\uff0c\u591a\u5c11\u8ddf\u9019\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52d5\u5c0d\u8607\u806f\u7d8f\u9756\u7684\u50be\u5411\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9b91\u723e\u65bc 1932 \u5e74\u8207\u963f\u7279\u5a1c(Isobel T. Artner) \u7d50\u5a5a\uff0c\u5a5a\u5f8c\u975e\u5e38\u5e78\u798f\u3002\u5979\u5c0d\u4ed6\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u6709\u5c64\u9762\u90fd\u7d66\u4e88\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u80b2\u6709\u4e8c\u500b\u5973\u5152\uff0c\u5927\u5973\u5152\u51fa\u751f\u6642\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u89ba\u5f97\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u5920\u7528\uff0c\u7533\u8acb\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u85aa\u6c34\u8d85\u904e\u4e8c\u500d\u7684\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u963f\u7279\u5a1c\u52a0\u4ee5\u5426\u6c7a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5979\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u5728\u5546\u696d\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u6703\u5feb\u6a02\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u4ed6\u5011\u592b\u5a66\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u771f\u8ae6\u3001\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u548c\u5f8c\u679c\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u8981\u6b78\u529f\u65bc\u963f\u7279\u5a1c\u3002<\/p>\n

1969 \u5e74 8 \u6708\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u592b\u5a66\u53bb\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\u963f\u723e\u5351\u65af\u5c71\u5340\u6e21\u5047\uff0c9 \u65e5\u5728\u5c71\u8173\u4e0b\u6563\u6b65\u6642\uff0c\u9b91\u723e\u7a81\u7136\u904e\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e74 65 \u6b72\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Cecil F. Powell, \u201cFragments of Autobiography<\/em>\u201d, Bristol University, 1987.<\/p>\n

2. C. Frank and D. H. Perkins, \u201cCecil Frank Powell\u201d in \u201cBiographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society<\/em>\u201d, Nov., 1971, Vol. 17, pp. 541-563.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1932 \u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u67e5\u514c\u514b\uff08James Chadwick\uff0c1935 \u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u734e\uff09\u5ba3\u4f48\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e2d\u5b50\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5c07\u7576\u6642\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u7531\u4e09\u500b\uff08\u5149\u5b50\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u3001\u8cea\u5b50\uff09\u589e\u52a0\u70ba\u56db\u500b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u99ac\u4e0a\u78ba\u8a8d\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u662f\u7531\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u8cea\u5b50\u548c\u4e2d\u5b50\u5011\u76f8\u4e92\u62c9\u626f\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\uff1f\u8981\u69cb\u6210\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5f37\u56fa\u7d50\u5408\u9ad4\uff0c\u842c\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u96fb\u78c1\u529b\u90fd\u5acc\u592a\u5fae\u5f31\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":36747,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,3145],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/8.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36743"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36743"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36743\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37398,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36743\/revisions\/37398"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}