{"id":36277,"date":"2021-04-30T00:57:43","date_gmt":"2021-04-29T16:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36277"},"modified":"2021-04-09T14:18:41","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T06:18:41","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%9b%e6%9c%88%e3%80%911916-%e5%b9%b4-4-%e6%9c%88-18-%e6%97%a5%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%97%e8%ac%ac%e7%88%be%ef%bc%88irving-langmuir%ef%bc%89%e5%8f%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=36277","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u56db\u6708\u30111916 \u5e74 4 \u6708 18 \u65e5\uff1a\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\uff08Irving Langmuir\uff09\u53d6\u5f97\u767d\u71be\u71c8\u7684\u5c08\u5229"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>1916 \u5e74 4 \u6708 18 \u65e5\uff1a\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\uff08Irving Langmuir\uff09\u53d6\u5f97\u767d\u71be\u71c8\u7684\u5c08\u5229<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\uff5c\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\uff08\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\uff09<\/strong>\uff08\u8b6f\u81ea <em>APS News<\/em>\uff0c2003 \u5e74 4 \u6708\uff09<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_36283\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-36283\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-36283\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"283\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-36283\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wikimedia commons<br \/>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\uff08Irving Langmuir\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\uff08Irving Langmuir\uff09\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u5e03\u9b6f\u514b\u6797\uff0c\u5f9e\u5c0f\u7236\u6bcd\u5c31\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u7d30\u5fc3\u89c0\u5bdf\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u8a73\u5be6\u505a\u8a18\u9304\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u54e5\u54e5\u963f\u745f\uff08Arthur\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u963f\u745f\u5e6b\u4ed6\u5728\u4ed6\u81e5\u623f\u7684\u4e00\u89d2\u8a2d\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1892 \u5e74\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u4e00\u5bb6\u642c\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u5e03\u9b6f\u514b\u6797\u666e\u745e\u7279\u5b78\u9662\u9644\u5c6c\u4e2d\u5b78\uff08the Pratt Institute\u2019s Manual Training High School\uff09\uff0c1903 \u5e74\u5728\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u7926\u51b6\u5b78\u9662\uff08Columbia University School of Mines\uff09\u7372\u5f97\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u5728\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\uff08G\u00f6ttingen University\uff09\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u8ffd\u96a8\u80fd\u65af\u7279\uff08Walter Nernst\uff0c1920\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u5316\u5b78\u734e\uff09\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u80fd\u65af\u7279\u65e2\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u300c\u80fd\u65af\u7279\u71c8\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u96fb\u71c8\u7684\u767c\u660e\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1906 \u5e74\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u8ad6\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u65af\u7279\u71c8\u505a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53bb\u6e2c\u5b9a\u71b1\u9251\u7d72\u9031\u906d\u4e0d\u540c\u6c23\u9ad4\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u5960\u5b9a\u4ed6\u65e5\u5f8c\u8a31\u591a\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5728\u4f4d\u65bc\u7d10\u6fa4\u897f\u5dde\u4f55\u6ce2\u80af\u7684\u53f2\u8482\u6587\u65af\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff08Stevens Institute of Techonology in Hoboken, New Jersey\uff09\u6559\u5316\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1909 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Company\uff09\u8a2a\u554f\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u96a8\u5373\u63a5\u53d7\u90a3\u88cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u8077\u4f4d\u3002\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u71c8\u6ce1\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\u6eab\u5ea6\u548c\u58d3\u529b\u4e0b\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u4ed6\u5728\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8a08\u756b\u662f\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u5947\u7570\u7576\u6642\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u65b0\u93a2\u7d72\u71c8\u6ce1\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u7576\u71c8\u6ce1\u5167\u5145\u6eff\u8457\u63ee\u767c\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6642\uff0c\u71c8\u6703\u300c\u8b8a\u9ed1\u300d\u6216\u8b8a\u6697\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u5c0d\u71b1\u93a2\u7d72\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u52a0\u5165\u6c2e\u6c23\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u93a2\u7d72\u63ee\u767c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e14\u7d30\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6bd4\u7c97\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u66f4\u5feb\u767c\u71b1\uff0c\u800c\u76e4\u7e5e\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6703\u50cf\u689d\u72c0\u7684\u71c8\u7d72\u4e00\u6a23\u767c\u71b1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f35\u5728\u71c8\u6ce1\u5167\u52a0\u6c2e\uff08\u5f8c\u4f86\u52a0\u6c2c\uff09\u6c23\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u71c8\u7d72\u7e5e\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u72c0\u4ee5\u6291\u5236\u93a2\u7d72\u7684\u63ee\u767c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u6539\u826f\u5f8c\u7684\u71c8\u6ce1\u65bc 1916 \u5e74 4 \u6708 18 \u65e5\u53d6\u5f97\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u628a\u80fd\u65af\u7279\u71c8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u71c8\u90fd\u6dd8\u6c70\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u7a31\u9053\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u8868\u9762\u5316\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a73\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u6700\u5148\u7531\u8def\u6613\u65af\uff08Gilbert Lewis\uff09\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4ee5\u96fb\u5b50\u8aaa\u660e\u5316\u5b78\u93c8\u7d50\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8def\u6613\u65af\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c8 \u500b\u96fb\u5b50\u5206\u64da\u5728\u7acb\u65b9\u9ad4 8 \u500b\u9802\u89d2\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5e73\u8861\u7a69\u5b9a\u7d44\uff08\u516b\u9685\u9ad4\u898f\u5247\uff09\u3002\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u516b\u9685\u9ad4\u4e5f\u53ef\u7531 2 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Matterhorn\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5230\u7d10\u7d04\u5dde\u6771\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u963f\u7b2c\u502b\u9054\u514b\u5c71\u8108\uff08the Adirondacks\uff09\u63a2\u96aa\u3002\u4ed6\u9084\u99d5\u99db\u98db\u6a5f\u3001\u6ed1\u96ea\u3001\u6e9c\u51b0\u3001\u66fe\u7d93\u4e00\u5929\u884c\u8d70 52 \u54e9\u3002\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u662f\u4ed6\u5b6b\u5b50\u85a9\u8499\u9ed1\u65af\uff08Roger Summerhayes\uff09\u65bc1999\u6240\u57f7\u5c0e\u7684\u516c\u5171\u96fb\u8996\u7d00\u9304\u5f71\u7247\u300a\u6717\u8b2c\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff08<em>Langmuir\u2019s World<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u7684\u5947\u7570\u540c\u4e8b\u99ae\u5167\u53e4\u7279\uff08Bernard Vonnegut\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u540d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u5eab\u723e\u7279\u2027\u99ae\u5167\u53e4\u7279\uff08Kurt Vonnegut\uff09\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u6210\u4e86\u99ae\u5167\u53e4\u7279\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300a\u8c93\u7684\u6416\u7c43\u300b\uff08<em>Cat\u2019s Cradle<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u5178\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u56fa\u614b\u6c34\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u51b0\u5728\u5e38\u6eab\u4e0b\u662f\u7d50\u6676\u72c0\u7684\uff0c\u99ae\u5167\u53e4\u7279\u7a31\u5b83\u70ba\u300cice-nine\u300d\uff08\u51b0-9\uff09\u30021957 \u5e74\uff0c\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u5728\u9ebb\u85a9\u8af8\u585e\u5dde\u4f0d\u8332\u970d\u723e\uff08Woods Hole, Massachusetts\uff09\u904e\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8a08\u756b\u662f\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u5947\u7570\u7576\u6642\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u65b0\u93a2\u7d72\u71c8\u6ce1\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u7576\u71c8\u6ce1\u5167\u5145\u6eff\u8457\u63ee\u767c\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6642\uff0c\u71c8\u6703\u300c\u8b8a\u9ed1\u300d\u6216\u8b8a\u6697\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6717\u8b2c\u723e\u5c0d\u71b1\u93a2\u7d72\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u52a0\u5165\u6c2e\u6c23\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u93a2\u7d72\u63ee\u767c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e14\u7d30\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6bd4\u7c97\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u66f4\u5feb\u767c\u71b1\uff0c\u800c\u76e4\u7e5e\u7684\u93a2\u7d72\u6703\u50cf\u689d\u72c0\u7684\u71c8\u7d72\u4e00\u6a23\u767c\u71b1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f35\u5728\u71c8\u6ce1\u5167\u52a0\u6c2e\uff08\u5f8c\u4f86\u52a0\u6c2c\uff09\u6c23\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u71c8\u7d72\u7e5e\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u72c0\u4ee5\u6291\u5236\u93a2\u7d72\u7684\u63ee\u767c\u3002<br 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