{"id":35635,"date":"2020-09-10T00:36:08","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T16:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35635"},"modified":"2020-09-04T15:01:06","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T07:01:06","slug":"%e3%80%90%e9%97%9c%e6%96%bc-covid-19-%e7%9a%84%e9%80%99%e5%a4%a7%e5%8d%8a%e5%b9%b4%e3%80%91sars-cov-2-%e7%9a%84%e6%8b%97%e3%80%8c%e6%af%92%e3%80%8d%e7%b5%95%e6%b4%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35635","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u95dc\u65bc COVID-19 \u7684\u9019\u5927\u534a\u5e74\u3011SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u62d7\u300c\u6bd2\u300d\u7d55\u6d3b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6240\u8b02\u842c\u4e8b\u7686\u6709\u982d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5305\u62ec SARS-CoV-2 \u5728\u5167\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8d77\u982d\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5802\u800c\u7687\u4e4b\u3001\u5927\u6416\u5927\u64fa\u5730\u767b\u300ccell\u300d\u5165\u5ba4\uff1b\u7e7c\u800c\u53c8\u5927\u6416\u5927\u64fa\u5730\uff0c\u628a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7576\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c23\u5730\u53cd\u5ba2\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u8907\u88fd\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u53c8\u4e00\u500b\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u4f60\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019 SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u539a\u81c9\u76ae\u7d55\u6d3b\uff0c\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u7df4\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6233\u7834\u5b83\u7684\u5343\u5c64\u5047\u9762\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff0f\u99f1\u5b9b\u7433<\/strong><\/p>\n

SARS-CoV-2 \u65b0\u578b\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u81f4 COVID-19 \u75c5\u60c5\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u800c\u8eab\u70ba\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e00\u65cf\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5148\u9032\u5165\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u8907\u88fd\u5927\u696d\u3002\u800c\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u8da8\u5411\uff08tropism\uff09\u3002\u300c\u75ab\u300d\u81f3\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684 COVID-19\uff0c\u75c5\u5fb5\u4ee5\u547c\u5438\u9053\u611f\u67d3\u8207\u80ba\u708e\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u6240\u6b3a\u8ca0\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u731c\u6e2c\u662f\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u662f\u8ab0\u5462\uff1fSARS-CoV-2 \u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u4e0a\u9019\u4e9b\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u800c\u5c08\u6311\u5176\u4e0b\u624b\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5982\u5c0f\u5077\u95d6\u7a7a\u9580\u5f97\u5148\u7834\u9580\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u8981\u611f\u67d3\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f97\u5148\u627e\u5230\u7834\u53e3\u3002\u5c0f\u5077\u627e\u9580\u7a97\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5247\u627e\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7576\u4f5c\u81e8\u7a7a\u800c\u964d\u7684\u8457\u8173\u8655\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u5920\u548c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u75c5\u6bd2\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u5165\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u6240\u6311\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0b\u624b\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7e2e\u7d20\u8f49\u63db\u9176\uff08ACE2\uff09\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u800c\u7d9c\u89c0\u4eba\u985e\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7d71\u908a\u4e0a\u6392\u6392\u7ad9\u54e8\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u90fd\u8868\u73fe\u4e86ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u7e96\u6bdb\u72c0\u9f3b\u8154\u9ecf\u819c\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u73fe\u4e86\u6eff\u6eff\u7684 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8868\u73fe\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ca\u9f3b\u8154\u9ecf\u819c\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4f46\u7e96\u6bdb\u72c0\u679d\u6c23\u7ba1\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u9084\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u80ba\u6ce1\u7d30\u80de\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u80fd\u5920\u627e\u5230 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u8e64\u8de1\u3002\u4e3b\u6311 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e0b\u624b\u7684 SARS-CoV-2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u96e3\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u5176\u5c6c\u6027\u7b97\u662f\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u5077\u6709\u64ac\u9396\u4e4b\u7d55\uff0c\u800c SARS-CoV-2 \u64ac\u958b ACE2 \u7684\u7d55\u6d3b\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u75c5\u6bd2\u8868\u9762\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff08spike protein\uff09\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5c08\u6b04\u7684\u524d\u5e7e\u7bc7\u88e1\u982d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u804a\u904e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u8457\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u9760\u8457\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u4f5c\u70ba\u7834\u7d30\u80de\u800c\u5165\u7684\u5229\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u5229\u5668\u7684\u7955\u5bc6\uff0c\u6b63\u843d\u5728\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u88e1\u7684\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\uff08receptor-binding domain\uff09\u88e1\u982d\u3002\u6bcf\u7a2e\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u76f8\u7570\u7684\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u4e5f\u8b93\u5404\u7a2e\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u770b\u5bb6\u672c\u9818\u3002<\/p>\n

SARS-CoV-2 \u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u76ef\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7e2e\u7d20\u8f49\u63db\u9176 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u7684\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u9020\u6210\u7576\u5e74 SARS \u75ab\u60c5\u7684 SARS-CoV \u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u611f\u5192\u75c5\u6bd2 HCoV-NL63\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5229\u7528 ACE2 \u4f86\u611f\u67d3\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u72e0\u89d2\u8272 MERS-CoV\uff0c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u80bd\u57fa\u80bd\u9176 DPP4 \u4f86\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u985e\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u611f\u5192\u75c5\u6bd2 HCoV-229E\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5229\u7528\u80fa\u80bd\u9176 CD13 \u4f5c\u70ba\u4fb5\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u653b\u64ca\u9ede\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7e2e\u7d20\u8f49\u63db\u9176 ACE2\uff0c\u4e0d\u662fSARS-CoV-2 \u4e4b\u5982\u6b64\u96e3\u7e8f\u7684\u842c\u60e1\u4e4b\u6e90\uff1b\u51a0\u72c0\u75c5\u6bd2\u88e1\u982d\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8b93\u4eba\u675f\u624b\u7121\u7b56\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709 ACE2 \u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u53d7\u6c23\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u9577\u5f97\u50cf\u64b2\u514b\u724c\u82b1\u8272\u88e1\u7684\u6885\u82b1\uff1a\u4e2d\u9593\u4e00\u67f1\uff0c\u4e09\u9762\u5713\u51f8\u3002\u4e2d\u9593\u90a3\u4e00\u67f1\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684 S2 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u8173\uff0c\u5728 SARS-CoV-2 \u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u8b93\u75c5\u6bd2\u8207\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u878d\u5408\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u9084\u982d\u6234\u6885\u82b1\u4e09\u74e3\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684 S1 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f SARS-CoV-2\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u4e09\u7d44\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a ACE2\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u53ef\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u64b2\u514b\u724c\u82b1\u8272\u90a3\u6a23\u6a38\u5be6\u7121\u83ef\uff0c\u6885\u82b1\u4e09\u74e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u9084\u6234\u4e86\u906e\u967d\u5e3d\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u80fa\u57fa\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u628a\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u4f4d\u7d66\u906e\u84cb\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e00\u9846 SARS-CoV-2 \u75c5\u6bd2\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u4f86\u8aaa\u5927\u81f4\u5e36\u4e0a\u4e86\u56db\u5341\u7d44\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u6885\u82b1\u4e09\u74e3\u7d50\u69cb\u9ad4\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6885\u82b1\u72c0\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u90fd\u8655\u65bc\u300c\u878d\u5408\u524d\u300d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u4f86\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u611f\u67d3\u9032\u5165\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4e0d\u55ae\u55ae\u662f\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u8ddf ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u624b\u52fe\u624b\uff0c\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u5c64\u5c64\u6b65\u9a5f\u4ea4\u76f8\u727d\u5f15\uff0c\u6b65\u6b65\u70ba\u71df\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u9054\u9663\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u7d44\u6885\u82b1\u4e09\u74e3\u72c0\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5728 S1\u8207 S2 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u9593\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5169\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u5207\u5272\u8655\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5207\u5272\u8655\uff0c\u662f\u7559\u7d66\u524d\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u9176 furin \u7684\u3002\u524d\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u9176furin \u8ca0\u8cac\u5c07\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u300c\u8f49\u5927\u4eba\u300d\uff1a\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u525b\u751f\u6210\u597d\u3001\u9084\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u4fee\u98fe\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u6210\u719f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002 \u800c furin \u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ca0\u8cac\u6d3b\u5316 S1 \u8207 S2 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\uff0c\u8b93\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u9032\u5165\u300c\u6e96\u5099\u7d50\u5408\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u300d\u7684\u5099\u6230\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u9700\u8981\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u5207\u5272\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u8981\u8207\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u878d\u5408\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002\u524d\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u9176furin \u6d3b\u5316\u4e86\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u80fd\u5920\u5229\u7528 S1 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\u8655\u7684\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\uff0c\u548c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de ACE2 \u7d50\u5408\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u9176 TMPRSS2\uff08transmembrane protease serine 2\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u518d\u6b21\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u8b93\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 S2 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\u4f86\u8207\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u9054\u9663\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u8aaa SARS-CoV-2 \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u5982\u6b64\u9ebb\u7169\uff0c\u8a2d\u4e0b\u91cd\u91cd\u95dc\u5361\u7d66\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6c92\u4e8b\u627e\u4e8b\u505a\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u91cd\u91cd\u95dc\u5361\uff0c\u624d\u6b63\u662f SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u5fc3\u6a5f\u6240\u5728\u5462\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5fc3\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9020\u6210 SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u611f\u67d3\u6210\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u8981\u5927\u52dd SARS-CoV \u7684\u300c\u5371\u300d\u5999\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4\u8fd1\u89aa SARS-CoV\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u611f\u67d3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u7684\u89aa\u548c\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4 SARS-CoV \u5f37\u4e0a\u8a31\u591a\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 SARS-CoV-2 \u9032\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u6210\u529f\u7387\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u6642\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\uff0c\u53c8\u6df1\u8af3\u771f\u4eba\u4e0d\u9732\u76f8\u4e4b\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u672b\u7aef\u8207\u5927\u91cf\u91a3\u57fa\u5316\u4fee\u98fe\u5e95\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u85cf\u8457\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8eb2\u904e\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u8af8\u5982\u6297\u9ad4\uff09\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u65bc\uff0c\u90a3\u5c08\u9580\u7559\u7d66\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u524d\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u9176 furin \u7684\u5207\u5272\u8655\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5207\u5272\u4f4d\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728 SARS-CoV \u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u537b\u4e0d\u662f SARS-CoV-2 \u6240\u7368\u6709\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u6709 furin \u524d\u86cb\u767d\u8f49\u5316\u9176\u5207\u5272\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u7684\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5916\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u91a3\u86cb\u767d\u6703\u9700\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u5207\u5272\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u548c\u54ea\u4e9b\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u88e1\u61c9\u5916\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002\u4ee5\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u7576\u4f4e\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u7684\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u8868\u9762\u8840\u7403\u51dd\u96c6\u7d20\uff08hemagglutinin\uff09\u5f97\u5230 furin \u5207\u5272\u4f4d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u5c31\u6703\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba furin \u662f\u500b\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u86cb\u767d\u9176\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7576\u75c5\u6bd2\u5916\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u91a3\u86cb\u767d\u5e36\u6709 furin \u5207\u5272\u4f4d\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u80fd\u5920\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u5ee3\u8a31\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5728\u65b0\u57ce\u96de\u761f\u75c5\u6bd2\uff08newcastle disease virus\uff09\u4e0a\u767c\u73fe\u904e\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7576\u65b0\u57ce\u96de\u761f\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e0d\u5177\u6709 furin \u5207\u5272\u4f4d\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5c40\u90e8\u611f\u67d3\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4e00\u4f46\u75c5\u6bd2\u64c1\u6709\u4e86 furin \u5207\u5272\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u5546\u501f\u90a3\u8655\u8655\u5b58\u5728\u7684 furin \u4e4b\u52a9\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9020\u6210\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u5730\u5168\u300c\u96de\u300d\u611f\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u55ae\u6709 furin \u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u4e00\u8209\u8b93 SARS-CoV-2 \u5b8c\u6210\u611f\u67d3\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e86 furin \u6b64\u4e00\u5404\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u9176\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u8b93 SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u300c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u300d\u7d30\u80de\u5ee3\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u5728 SARS-CoV-2 \u75c5\u6bd2\u7531\u8759\u8760\u50b3\u81f3\u4eba\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u88e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f9e\u4e2d\u63d2\u4e0a\u4e00\u8173\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5176\u6f14\u5316\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e86 furin \u5207\u5272\u7684\u5e6b\u5fd9\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u7b49\u65bc\u540c\u6642\u5728\u300c\u628a\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u85cf\u597d\u597d\u300d\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u300c\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u7d50\u5408\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u300d\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u7562\u7adf\uff0c\u628a\u6885\u82b1\u4e09\u74e3\u85cf\u59a5\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5920\u514d\u53bb\u88ab\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u547d\u904b\u3002\u4f46\u4f4e\u982d\u85cf\u597d\u597d\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u537b\u53c8\u50cf\u662f\u62ff\u77f3\u982d\u7838\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8173\uff0c\u6703\u8b93\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u53d7\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7684\u78ba\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u96d6\u7136 SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u53d7\u5668\u7d50\u5408\u57df\u5177\u6709\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684 ACE2 \u7d50\u5408\u89aa\u548c\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u6574\u9ad4\uff0c\u8981\u7d50\u5408\u4e0a ACE2 \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u537b\u6bd4 SARS-CoV \u8981\u5f31\u8a31\u591a\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6709\u4e86 furin \u9019\u500b\u8f49\u5316\u9176\u7684\u5e6b\u5fd9\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u8fd1\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u88ab\u8f49\u5316\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7d50\u5408\u529b\u7684\u300c\u8f49\u5927\u4eba\u578b\u300d\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6975\u5ea6\u6709\u6548\u5730\u611f\u67d3\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c furin \u5728\u80ba\u90e8\u7d44\u7e54\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u91cf\u53ef\u662f\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc3\u6a5f\u91cd\u91cd\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u7b97\u8a08\uff0c\u53ef\u9084\u4e0d\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u6b64\u5462\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6 Martin Beck \u8207 Jacomine Locker \u535a\u58eb\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u806f\u624b\u7814\u7a76 SARS-CoV-2 \u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5229\u7528\u51b7\u51cd\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\uff08Cryo-electron microscopy\uff1bcryo-EM\uff09\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u5730\u628a SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u9084\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u5bc6\u6280\uff1a\u5b83\u90a3\u64b2\u514b\u724c\u6885\u82b1\u82b1\u8272\u88e1\u7684\u90a3\u8ddf\u6885\u82b1\u67c4\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u9577\u4e86\u300c\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u300d\u3001\u300c\u819d\u95dc\u7bc0\u300d\u9084\u6709\u300c\u8e1d\u95dc\u7bc0\u300d\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u6d3b\u52d5\u81ea\u5982\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u4f4d\u65bc S2 \u529f\u80fd\u5340\u584a\u7684\u7d5e\u5408\u6a1e\u7d10\uff0c\u8b93\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u80fd\u5920\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u5730\u9019\u982d\u8f49\u8f49\uff0c\u90a3\u88e1\u4e5f\u8f49\u8f49\uff0c\u8b93\u75c5\u6bd2\u5916\u8868\u70ba\u4e86\u8eb2\u904e\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u800c\u5927\u91cf\u91a3\u57fa\u5316\u7684\u904e\u591a\u4fee\u98fe\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3b\u52d5\u81ea\u5982\u5730\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u5c07\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762 ACE2 \u7684\u8e64\u8de1\uff0c\u641c\u5c0b\u5fb9\u5e95\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0cACE2 \u9664\u4e86\u5728\u80ba\u90e8\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u8178\u9053\u7d30\u80de\u53ef\u898b\u3002\u800c\u5728\u81e8\u5e8a\u4e0a\uff0c\u611f\u67d3 SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u7684\u78ba\u5e38\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u8178\u80c3\u9053\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u5728\u7d04\u4e09\u6210\u7684 COVID-19 \u78ba\u8a3a\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u7cde\u4fbf\u88e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u5075\u6e2c\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u7cde\u4fbf\u4e2d\u6aa2\u6e2c\u51fa SARS-CoV-2 \u75c5\u6bd2 RNA\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868 SARS-CoV-2 \u53ef\u4ee5\u7d93\u7531\u7cde\u53e3\u9014\u5f91\u50b3\u64ad\u3002\u96d6\u7136\uff0c\u7cde\u53e3\u9014\u5f91\u5728\u8759\u8760\u8eab\u4e0a\u6975\u70ba\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u537b\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u6703\u662f SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u50b3\u64ad\u9014\u5f91\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u8178\u9053\u88e1\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8178\u9053\u88e1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u74b0\u5883\u578b\u614b\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c SARS-CoV-2 \u5229\u7528 ACE2 \u8207 TMPRSS2 \u4f86\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u985e\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5728\u8a31\u591a COVID-19 \u75c5\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u55c5\u89ba\u55aa\u5931\u662f\u6700\u5148\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u55c5\u89ba\u795e\u7d93\u5143\uff08olfactory sensory neurons\uff09\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u7d30\u80de\uff08sustentacular cell\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u5927\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86 SARS-CoV-2 \u611f\u67d3\u5ea6\u5982\u6b64\u7316\u72c2\u7684\u91cd\u91cd\u5fc3\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u5c0d\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u65b0\u85e5\u9776\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u540c\u5fc3\u5354\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u5c64\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u597d\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u4f4f\uff0c\u5728\u91ab\u7642\u524d\u7dda\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u5175\u4f86\u5c07\u64cb\u7684\u597d\u7b56\u7565\uff01\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5728\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u75c7\u4e0b\u85e5\u7684\u66d9\u5149\u4e4d\u73fe\u524d\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6709\u8cf4\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u597d\u597d\u5730\u505a\u597d\u9632\u75ab\u672c\u5206\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u597d\u53f0\u7063\u5594\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u539f\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76 SARS-CoV-2 \u611f\u67d3\u7d30\u80de\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff1a
\nShang J, Wan Y, Luo C, Ye G, Geng Q, Auerbach A, Li F. Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 May 26;117(21):11727-11734. doi: 10.1073\/pnas.2003138117. Epub 2020 May 6. PMID: 32376634<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76 SARS-CoV-2 \u68d8\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u6d3b\u52d5\u529b\u6975\u4f73\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\uff1a
\nTuro\u0148ov\u00e1 B, Sikora M, Sch\u00fcrmann C, Hagen WJH, Welsch S, Blanc FEC, von B\u00fclow S, Gecht M, Bagola K, H\u00f6rner C, van Zandbergen G, Landry J, de Azevedo NTD, Mosalaganti S, Schwarz A, Covino R, M\u00fchlebach MD, Hummer G, Krijnse Locker J, Beck M. In situ structural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike reveals flexibility mediated by three hinges. Science. 2020 Aug 18;eabd5223. doi: 10.1126\/science.abd5223. Online ahead of print.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kristian GA. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):450-452. doi: 10.1038\/s41591-020-0820-9.<\/li>\n
  2. M Hoffmann, H Kleine-Weber, S P\u00f6hlmann. A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells. Molecular Cell, 2020<\/li>\n
  3. Tay MZ, Poh CM, R\u00e9nia L, MacAry PA, Ng LFP. The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020 Jun;20(6):363-374. doi: 10.1038\/s41577-020-0311-8. Epub 2020 Apr 28.<\/li>\n
  4. Matheson NJ, Lehner PJ. How does SARS-CoV-2 cause COVID-19? Science. 2020 Jul 31;369(6503):510-511. doi: 10.1126\/science.abc6156.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

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    \u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc SARS-CoV-2 \u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0cSARS-CoV-2 \u6240\u6311\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0b\u624b\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7e2e\u7d20\u8f49\u63db\u9176\uff08ACE2\uff09\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u800c\u7d9c\u89c0\u4eba\u985e\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7d71\u908a\u4e0a\u6392\u6392\u7ad9\u54e8\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u90fd\u8868\u73fe\u4e86ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u50cf\u662f\u7e96\u6bdb\u72c0\u9f3b\u8154\u9ecf\u819c\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u73fe\u4e86\u6eff\u6eff\u7684 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8868\u73fe\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ca\u9f3b\u8154\u9ecf\u819c\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4f46\u7e96\u6bdb\u72c0\u679d\u6c23\u7ba1\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u9084\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u578b\u80ba\u6ce1\u7d30\u80de\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u80fd\u5920\u627e\u5230 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u8e64\u8de1\u3002\u4e3b\u6311 ACE2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e0b\u624b\u7684 SARS-CoV-2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u96e3\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u5176\u5c6c\u6027\u7b97\u662f\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75c5\u6bd2\u3002<\/p>\n

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