{"id":35454,"date":"2020-07-31T00:05:22","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T16:05:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35454"},"modified":"2020-09-01T14:56:33","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T06:56:33","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%83%e6%9c%88%e3%80%911915%e5%b9%b47%e6%9c%88%ef%bc%9a%e5%b8%83%e6%8b%89%e6%a0%bc%ef%bc%88william-lawrence-bragg%ef%bc%89%e5%a5%89%e5%91%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35454","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u4e03\u6708\u30111915\u5e747\u6708\uff1a\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08William Lawrence Bragg\uff09\u5949\u547d\u767c\u5c55\u5075\u6e2c\u706b\u7832\u7684\u8072\u6ce2\u6e2c\u8ddd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>1915 \u5e74 7 \u6708\uff1a\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08William Lawrence Bragg\uff09\u5949\u547d\u767c\u5c55\u5075\u6e2c\u706b\u7832\u7684\u8072\u6ce2\u6e2c\u8ddd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\uff08\u81fa\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u7cfb\uff09\uff08\u8b6f\u81ea <em>APS News<\/em>\uff0c2019 \u5e74 7 \u6708\uff09<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35456\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35456\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-35456\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/0706.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/0706.png 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/0706-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From Wikipedia<br \/>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08William Lawrence Bragg\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u5229\u7528\u8a71\u7b52\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u7832\u5c04\u64ca\u7684\u8f5f\u9686\u8072\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u8072\u6ce2\u6e2c\u8ddd\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u82f1\u8ecd\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u96e3\u7cbe\u78ba\u627e\u51fa\u6575\u8ecd\u5927\u70ae\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u767c\u5c55\u6b64\u6280\u8853\u7684\u5718\u968a\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff08William Lawrence Bragg\uff09\u7684\u65b0\u79d1\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1890 \u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u6fb3\u6d32\u963f\u5f97\u96f7\u5fb7\uff08Adelaide, Australia\uff09\uff0c\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u71b1\u611b\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5a01\u5ec9\uff0e\u4ea8\u5229\uff0e\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u662f\u963f\u5f97\u96f7\u5fb7\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5f9e\u4ed6\u7684\u4e09\u8f2a\u8eca\u4e0a\u8dcc\u4e0b\u4f86\u6454\u50b7\u624b\u81c2\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5229\u7528\u7576\u6642\u502b\u7434\uff08Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen\uff09\u624d\u525b\u767c\u73fe\u7684 X \u5c04\u7dda\u4f86\u7167\u5c04\u9aa8\u982d\u50b7\u52e2\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6fb3\u6d32\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 X \u5c04\u7dda\u4f5c\u70ba\u91ab\u7642\u7528\u9014\u30021908 \u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u963f\u5f97\u96f7\u5fb7\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u5011\u5168\u5bb6\u6b63\u8981\u642c\u5230\u82f1\u683c\u862d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u8981\u5230\u82f1\u570b\u91cc\u8332\u5927\u5b78\uff08the University of Leeds\uff09\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7576\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u80fd\u5230\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c1911 \u5e74\u5728\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u4ee5\u6700\u512a\u7570\u7684\u6210\u7e3e\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u4e09\u4e00\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u7814\u7a76 X \u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u63a2\u8a0e\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\u3002\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5728\u6cb3\u908a\u6563\u6b65\u6642\u5f97\u5230\u9748\u611f\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5c01\u2027\u52de\u723e\uff08Max von Laue\uff09\u6240\u505a\u6709\u95dc X \u5c04\u7dda\u675f\u5f9e\u6676\u9ad4\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u7e5e\u5c04\u5be6\u9a57\u5f97\u5230\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u6b64\u7e5e\u5c04\u6703\u53d7 X 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Artillery\uff09\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u590f\u5929\uff087 \u6708 19 \u65e5\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u8abf\u81f3\u7687\u5bb6\u5de5\u5175\u90e8\u968a\uff08Royal Engineers\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u6d3e\u767c\u5c55\u8072\u6ce2\u6e2c\u8ddd\u4ee5\u78ba\u5b9a\u6575\u8ecd\u5927\u7832\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u5747\u672a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6b78\u548e\u65bc\u91cd\u70ae\u767c\u5c04\u983b\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u8a71\u7b52\u7121\u6cd5\u5075\u6e2c\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u548c\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u8afe\u5fb7\u66fc\uff08Charles Nordmann\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u8a18\u9304\u5fc3\u8df3\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u5e03\u723e\uff08Lucien Bull\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u8d77\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0d\u7832\u5f48\u5c04\u64ca\u4f4e\u983b\u5438\u6536\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f48\u85e5\u7bb1\u5b50\u4f86\u5efa\u9020\u8a71\u7b52\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u8a71\u7b52\u7528\u5e03\u5305\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u98a8\u50b3\u4f86\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u300c\u8c4e\u7434\u300d\u96fb\u6d41\u8a08\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u5f9e\u5e7e\u500b\u4f4d\u65bc 1 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Rutherford\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7d50\u6676\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c08\u6ce8\u5728\u7121\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u5728\u6709\u6a5f\u6676\u9ad4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7af6\u722d\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\uff08R. W. 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