{"id":35439,"date":"2020-07-14T00:26:29","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T16:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35439"},"modified":"2020-09-01T14:57:26","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T06:57:26","slug":"%e9%87%95-106%e4%be%86%e6%ba%90%e8%bf%bd%e6%ba%af-%e9%9d%9e%e6%94%be%e5%b0%84%e9%87%95%e5%90%8c%e4%bd%8d%e7%b4%a0%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=35439","title":{"rendered":"\u91d5-106\u4f86\u6e90\u8ffd\u6eaf\u2014\u2014\u975e\u653e\u5c04\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5c0d\u65bc\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u975e\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63ed\u958b2017\u5e74\u6771\u6b50\u795e\u79d8\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5c64\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6e90\u982d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5716\u7247\u51fa\u8655@wiki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff0f<\/strong>\u912d\u7433\u6f54<\/strong><\/p>\n

2017\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\uff0c\u6771\u6b50\u4e0a\u7a7a\u51fa\u73fe\u91d5-106\uff08106<\/sup>Ru\uff09\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u5143\u7d20\u6c61\u67d3\u96f2\u5c64\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u591a\u570b\u6a5f\u69cb\u6307\u51fa\u8f3b\u5c04\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f46\u6aa2\u6e2c\u503c\u70ba\u798f\u5cf6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6642\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u7576\u5730\u6e2c\u5f97\u7684100\u500d\uff0c\u662f\u7e7c2011\u5e74\u798f\u5cf6\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u4e8b\u6545\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6838\u6d29\u6f0f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u591a\u500b\u6578\u64da\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u5c07\u77db\u982d\u6307\u5411\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u4f4d\u65bc\u70cf\u62c9\u723e\u5c71\u8108\u5357\u7aef\u7684\u6838\u5b50\u8a2d\u65bd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u5426\u8a8d\u4e0b\uff0c\u795e\u79d8\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u4ecd\u7136\u64b2\u6714\u8ff7\u96e2\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u4ee4\u6b50\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u64d4\u6182\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u5143\u7d20\u4f86\u81ea\u6838\u6b66\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

2020\u5e74\u516d\u6708\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u6f22\u8afe\u74e6\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332\u5927\u5b78\u8207\u660e\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u8b0e\u5718\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7dda\u7d22\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u91d5-106\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u5df2\u7528\u904e\u7684\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u71c3\u6599\uff08\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\uff0cspent nuclear fuel\uff09\u3002\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5206\u6790\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u662f\u4fc4\u5f0f\u58d3\u6c34\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\uff08water-water energetic reactor, VVER\uff09\u7684\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u518d\u8655\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\uff08nuclear reprocessing\uff09\u4e2d\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6d29\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u6790\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08103<\/sup>Ru\/106<\/sup>Ru\uff09\u4e26\u7121\u6cd5\u5f97\u77e5\u91d5-106\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u6216\u662f\u6838\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u91d5-103\/\u91d5-106\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u71c3\u8017\u503c\uff08burnup\uff09[\u8a3b1]<\/sup>\u3001\u8870\u8b8a\u6642\u9593\u7b49\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u53e6\u95e2\u8e4a\u5f91\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\uff0896<\/sup>Ru, 98<\/sup>Ru, 99<\/sup>Ru, 100<\/sup>Ru, 101<\/sup>Ru, 102<\/sup>Ru, 104<\/sup>Ru\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8b8a\u5316\u30022017\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u6642\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u91d5\uff08101<\/sup>Ru, 102<\/sup>Ru, 104<\/sup>Ru\uff09\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5929\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u591a\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u8f03\u8f15\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5247\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002\u8aaa\u660e\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8870\u8b8a\u6027\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u03b2\u8870\u8b8a\u7684\u7d42\u9ede\u5c31\u662f\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6838\u5206\u88c2\uff08nuclear fission\uff09\u7684\u6838\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u923d-239\uff08239<\/sup>Pu\uff09\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u923e-235\uff08235<\/sup>U\uff09\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u751f\u6210\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u3002\u6b66\u5668\u7528\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u923d\uff08weapons-grade plutonium\uff09\u591a\u534a\u4ee5\u4f4e\u71c3\u8017\u503c\u7684\u923e\u70ba\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u88c2\u8b8a\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u923d-240\uff08240<\/sup>Pu\uff09\u7684\u751f\u6210[<\/sup>\u8a3b2]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u5f8c\u7684\u7522\u7269\u8207\u923e-235\u7684\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u7522\u7269\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u3002\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u7684\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u5247\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u71c3\u8017\u503c\u7684\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u923d\u3002\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u7684\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u88c2\u8b8a\u7522\u7269\u7d44\u6210\u7279\u5fb5\u8207\u923d-239\u3001\u923e-235\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u88c2\u8b8a\u7522\u7269\u7d44\u6210\u66f4\u70ba\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u71c3\u6599\u4f7f\u7528\u9031\u671f\u7684\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u71c3\u6599\u4e2d\u923d-239\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5176\u7522\u751f\u7684\u91d5-100\/\u91d5-101\u3001102<\/sup>\u91d5-102\/\u91d5-101\u6578\u503c\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u9ad8\u65bc\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7528\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u7522\u7269\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u767c\u73fe\uff0c2017\u5e74\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5718\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f8c\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4f86\u81ea\u6838\u96fb\u5ee0\u7684\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u8870\u8b8a\u5f8c\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u70ba\u7522\u751f\u7684\u91d5\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u4f7f\u7528\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u578b\u614b\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u578b\u614b\uff0c\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\u7684\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u4ee5\u6df7\u5408\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u6838\u71c3\u6599\uff08MOX fuel\uff0cmixed oxide fuel\uff09\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5927\u591a\u7531\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u9032\u884c\u518d\u8655\u7406\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u7d44\u6210\u540c\u6642\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u923d-239\u53ca\u923e-235\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u5730\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u5247\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4e\u6fc3\u7e2e\u923e\u70ba\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5718\u7684\u6e90\u982d\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u58d3\u6c34\u5f0f\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7686\u6709\u4f7f\u7528VVER\u7684\u767c\u96fb\u5ee0\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5718\u4e8b\u4ef6\u524d\u516d\u9031\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u6279\u4f86\u81eaVVER\u767c\u96fb\u7ad9\u7684\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u904b\u62b5\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u99ac\u4e9e\u514b\uff08Mayak\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7576\u5730\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u518d\u8655\u7406\u5ee0\u66fe\u5617\u8a66\u88fd\u9020\u9230-144\uff08144<\/sup>Ce\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u683c\u862d\u6c99\u7d22\u570b\u5bb6\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff08GSNL\uff09\u7684\u53cd\u4e2d\u5b50\u5075\u6e2c\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5de7\u5408\u8207\u7dda\u7d22\u90fd\u6307\u5411\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u5728\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u518d\u8655\u7406\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5718\u7522\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u85c9\u7531\u975e\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u91d5\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u70ba\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u5718\u7684\u6e90\u982d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u6838\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6aa2\u6e2c\u8207\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Hopp, T., Zok, D., Kleine, T. et al. Non-natural ruthenium isotope ratios of the undeclared 2017 atmospheric release consistent with civilian nuclear activities. Nat Commun<\/em> 11<\/strong>, 2744 (2020), doi: 1038\/s41467-020-16316-3<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. University of M\u00fcnster<\/a>: JUNE 12, 2020, Radioactive cloud over Europe had civilian background<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u7acb\u5834\u5831\u5c0e\uff1a\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u78ba\u8a8d 2017 \u5e74\u6771\u6b50\u5de8\u578b\u8f3b\u5c04\u96f2\u4f86\u81ea\u4fc4\u570b\u5c71\u5340\u3000\u4fc4\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u516c\u53f8\u91cd\u7533\u975e\u5de5\u5ee0\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff1aWeapons-grade nuclear material<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. S.NRC\uff1aBackgrounder on High Burnup Spent Nuclear Fuel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a
    \n<\/strong>[\u8a3b1]\u71c3\u8017\u503c\u70ba\u6bcf\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u7684\u71b1\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4e00\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u5167\u6bcf\u516c\u5678\u7684\u923e\u65bc\u53cd\u61c9\u7210\u5167\u7522\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u70baGWd\/MTU\u3002\u71c3\u8017\u503c\u6703\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6838\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u6eab\u5ea6\u53ca\u8f3b\u5c04\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002
    \n[\u8a3b2] \u6b66\u5668\u7528\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u923d\u70ba\u9ad8\u65bc93%\uff08\u6216\u5927\u65bc80%\uff09\u7684\u923d-239\u3002\u923d-240\u53ef\u7531\u923d-239\u4fd8\u7372\u4e2d\u5b50\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6975\u5feb\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8207\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u6838\u53cd\u61c9\u6703\u540c\u6642\u7522\u751f\u923d-239\u53ca\u923d-240\uff0c\u73fe\u968e\u6bb5\u900f\u904e\u4e4f\u71c3\u6599\u518d\u8655\u7406\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u96e2\u5169\u500b\u7269\u7a2e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6b66\u5668\u7528\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u923d\u591a\u534a\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u923e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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